ABSTRACT
The fear of environmental doom (eco-anxiety) is a new and growing source of mental distress that could particularly affect the next generation of conservation biologists. With care and empathy, educators can help to prevent worsening the mental health of students.
Subject(s)
Anxiety , Empathy , Anxiety/prevention & control , Anxiety Disorders , Biology , Humans , StudentsABSTRACT
Abstract Xylobotrum portentosum (Mont.) Pat. is a striking Neotropical fungal species but it has been reported only a few times from Southern Brazil (States of Paraná and Santa Catarina), found in remnants of Atlantic Forest. Herein we report the species for the first time from the Southeastern Region of Brazil (State of São Paulo). A brief description and color photographs of the fresh specimen are presented.
Resumo Xylobotrum portentosum (Mont.) Pat. é uma espécie notável de fungo neotropical que foi registrada apenas poucas vezes para a Região Sul do Brasil (Paraná e Santa Catarina), encontrada em remanescentes de Mata Atlântica. Neste trabalho a espécie é reportada pela primeira vez para a Região Sudeste do Brasil (Estado de São Paulo). São apresentadas uma breve descrição e fotografias coloridas do espécime fresco.
ABSTRACT
AIM: The present study evaluated the capacity of three species of Fusarium isolated from onychomycosis to form biofilms and the antibiofilm effect of propolis extract on these biofilms. MATERIALS & METHODS: The biofilms and antibiofilm effects were evaluated by quantifying the colony-forming units, mitochondrial metabolic activity assays, total biomass by crystal violet staining and scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: Propolis extract demonstrated significant antibiofilm efficiency on Fusarium spp. isolates and reduced F. solani, F. oxysporum and F. subglutinans mature biofilms. CONCLUSION: Propolis extract can be an alternative topical treatment of onychomycosis caused by Fusarium spp.
Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Biofilms/drug effects , Fusarium/drug effects , Hand Dermatoses/drug therapy , Onychomycosis/drug therapy , Propolis/pharmacology , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Fusarium/isolation & purification , Fusarium/physiology , Hand Dermatoses/microbiology , Humans , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Microscopy, Fluorescence , Onychomycosis/microbiology , Propolis/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Six species of Cystangium, a genus of sequestrate taxa related to Russula, were collected in Patagonia (Argentina and Chile) during autumn 2001. Two species, C. depauperatum Singer & A.H. Sm. and C. nothofagi (E. Horak) Trappe, Castellano & T. Lebel, were already known from this region, while four new species, C. domingueziae, C. gamundiae, C. grandihyphatum and C. longisterigmatum, are described, illustrated and a key to the species is provided. In addition, sequences of the ITS (rDNA) region were obtained to explore the phylogenetic relationships of our South American Cystangium species.
Subject(s)
Basidiomycota/isolation & purification , Trees/microbiology , Argentina , Basidiomycota/classification , Basidiomycota/genetics , Basidiomycota/growth & development , Chile , Forests , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , Spores, Fungal/classification , Spores, Fungal/genetics , Spores, Fungal/growth & development , Spores, Fungal/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Phylogenetic relationships within the Phallales were estimated via combined sequences: nuclear ribosomal large subunit (LSU), second largest subunit of RNA polymerase (rpb2), and mitochondrial ATPase subunit 6 (atp6). The ingroup is represented by 62 taxa comprising 18 genera and 44 species, including members of the Clathraceae, Claustulaceae, Gastrosporiaceae, Lysuraceae, Phallaceae and Protophallaceae. Sixty-one new sequences were generated, including tropical and subtropical taxa. This is one of the first studies discussing the phylogenetic placement of Abrachium, Aseroë, Blumenavia, Gastrosporium, Jansia and Xylophallus. Gastrosporiaceae was demonstrated to be sister to Phallaceae and an emended description of the order is presented. Aseroë was demonstrated to be polyphyletic and as a result, A. arachnoidea is transferred to Lysurus.
Subject(s)
Basidiomycota/classification , Phylogeny , Base Sequence , Basidiomycota/genetics , Basidiomycota/isolation & purification , DNA, Fungal/chemistry , DNA, Fungal/genetics , DNA, Ribosomal/genetics , Fruiting Bodies, Fungal , Fungal Proteins/genetics , Molecular Sequence Data , Mycological Typing Techniques , RNA Polymerase II/genetics , Ribosome Subunits, Large/genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
Fuscoporia bifurcata is described from southern Brazil based on collections from mangrove areas on Santa Catarina Island, in the state of Santa Catarina. The new species is characterized by hymenial setae with a bifurcate or spiny apex. A description with illustrations, an updated key to species of Fuscoporia from southern Brazil and a key to species of Hymenochaetaceae reported from mangroves are provided.