ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: We report a case of 25 years old male patient with antitubercular drugs induced exanthematous reaction and hepatotoxicity that was complicated by levofloxacin induced toxic epidermal necrolysis. The patient was allergic to ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. Cross reactivity between ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin might be responsible for causing this reaction. CONCLUSION: Issues of cross sensitivity should be kept in mind and the same class of drugs should strictly be avoided to prevent such complications.
Subject(s)
Antitubercular Agents/adverse effects , Exanthema/chemically induced , Exanthema/diagnosis , Levofloxacin/adverse effects , Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/diagnosis , Acute Disease , Adult , Exanthema/complications , Humans , Male , Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/complicationsABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Incidence of antibiotic- associated diarrhoea is a common (10-30%) but pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) is less frequent (1-5%). Fluoroquinolones, clindamycin, penicillins, cephalosporins (mostly third generation) are commonly associated with PMC. The association between cephalosporins and PMC is now well established. CASE PRESENTATION: A 78 year old male patient developed pseudomembraneous colitis after administration of Ceftriaxone and Cefazoline for the treatment of pleural effusion. The reaction was confirmed by ultrasonography and CT scan. Causative agents were stopped and patient was managed by systemic therapy. Patient was expired due to respiratory complications as there was complexity in management of disease due to development of pseudomembraneous colitis. CONCLUSION: Increase awareness of prescribers for high-risk drugs, close monitoring, with immediate withdrawal of the culprit drug can reduce the complexity of management that occur due to development of such adverse drug reaction.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects , Cephalosporins/adverse effects , Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous/chemically induced , Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous/diagnostic imaging , Aged , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Cefazolin/administration & dosage , Cefazolin/adverse effects , Ceftriaxone/administration & dosage , Ceftriaxone/adverse effects , Cephalosporins/administration & dosage , Drug Therapy, Combination , Fatal Outcome , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate effect of ethanolic extract of Pedalium murex Linn. fruits on experimental model of calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided in 6 groups.Normal controls received distilled water for 28 days. Other five groups received ethylene glycol(1% v/v) in distilled water for 28 days. Pedalium murex ethanolic extract was given 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg orally in distilled water for 28 days in prophylactic groups (III and IV) and from 15th to 28th days in treatment groups (V and VI). The urea, creatinine, random blood sugar, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin and calcium were measured on 28th day. 24 hr urinary oxalate and volume were measured on day 0 and 28. On day 28, kidneys were removed, weighed and subjected to histopathological examination. Calcium oxalate crystallization was evaluated by renal histopathology and in-vitro method of mineralization.All parameters were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis or one-way ANOVA with post-hoc test. RESULTS: Pedalium murex showed significant improvement in renal function and kidney weight inprophylactic groups as compared to ethylene glycol controls. It did not show any effect on urinary oxalate, urine volume and any other serological parameters. Calcium oxalate crystallization was significantly reduced in all the Pedalium murex treated groups (P < .05). Calcium oxalate and phosphate mineralization were also inhibited by 33% and 57%. CONCLUSION: Ethanolic extract of Pedalium murex fruits possess significant activity for prevention of renal calculi.
