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1.
BMC Womens Health ; 15: 12, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25783647

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The management of preinvasive cervical lesions has the objective to ensure the absence of invasive lesions and to prevent progression to cancer. Excisional procedures have been preferred to treat these lesions as they report the presence of unsuspected invasive lesions and the status of surgical margins, allowing inferring full excision when such are free of disease. The purpose of this study is to determine whether Straight Wire Excision of the Transformation Zone (SWETZ) is a better alternative than Large Loop Excision of the Transformation Zone (LLETZ-cone) as a type 3 excision of the Transformation Zone (TZ) to reduce incomplete excision and concerning other outcomes of surgical interest. METHOD: Randomized controlled trial including women who needed type 3 excision of the TZ referred to a colposcopy clinic after cytological screening between January 2008 thru December 2011. The interventions were performed using local anesthesia and sedation in an inpatient basis by different experienced surgeons. The study enrolled and randomized 164 women, of which 82 were allocated to each group. After exclusions, 78 remained in SWETZ and 76 in LLETZ-cone groups for the analysis of outcomes of surgical interest and 52 and 54, respectively, for the margins analysis. RESULTS: There was an even distribution between the groups after randomization and exclusions, concerning mean age, parity, current smoking, prior cytological diagnosis and histopathological diagnosis obtained in cone specimen even after exclusions. We observed significantly higher risk of compromised or damaged endocervical margin in specimens resulting from the LLETZ-cone in relation to SWETZ (RR 1.72, 95% CI: 1.14 to 2.6), with an absolute risk reduction (ARR) of 26.4% (95% CI: 8.1 to 44.8) for patients operated by SWETZ. The specimens obtained by SWETZ showed less fragmentation (ARR = 19.8%, 95% CI: 10.3 - 29.3%), but the procedure took longer. There were complications in 5.6% of the procedures, with no significant differences between the groups. CONCLUSION: This study showed a lower proportion of compromised or damaged endocervical surgical margin in specimens resulting from SWETZ in relation to LLETZ-cone. SWETZ demonstrated to be more efficient than LLETZ-cone concerning less fragmentation of the specimen obtained. However, it accounted for longer surgical time. Both techniques showed morbidity TRIAL REGISTRATION: Number at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01929993 (June 10, 2012).


Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/surgery , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery , Colposcopy/methods , Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions of the Cervix/surgery , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/surgery , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Adult , Blood Loss, Surgical , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Conization , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Operative Time , Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions of the Cervix/pathology , Treatment Outcome , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology
3.
Sao Paulo Med J ; 131(6): 405-10, 2013.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24346780

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women have higher incidence, prevalence, persistence and recurrence of pre-invasive cervical lesions (CIN II or III). The aim here was to investigate the risk of recurrence of CIN II/III among HIV-infected women (HIV+) and uninfected women in a cohort treated by means of large-loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ). DESIGN AND SETTING: Cohort study conducted at Instituto Fernandes Figueira/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IFF/Fiocruz). METHODS: 60 HIV+ and 209 HIV-negative patients were included in a cohort for follow-up after undergoing LLETZ to treat CIN II/III. A histopathological diagnosis of CIN II/III during the follow-up was taken to constitute recurrence. The following possible confounding variables were assessed: age at treatment and at end of follow-up; histological grade of intraepithelial disease treated; surgical margin involvement; adequacy of colposcopy during the follow-up; CD4+ lymphocyte count; HIV viral load; and type of antiretroviral therapy. RESULTS: Among the 60 HIV+ women, six showed recurrent disease during the follow-up. However, among the 209 HIV-negative women, seven showed a new precursor lesion. The relative risk of disease recurrence in the HIV+ women was 4.21 (95% CI = 1.42 to 12.43). The Kaplan-Meyer curve showed that the risk of recurrence was significantly higher among HIV+ women (log-rank test: P = 0.0111). CONCLUSION: The HIV+ women in our cohort presented a risk of CIN II/III recurrence at least 42% higher than among the HIV-negative women. These patients should form part of a rigorous screening and follow-up protocol for identification and appropriate treatment of cervical cancer precursor lesions.


Subject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Electrosurgery/methods , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/surgery , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/surgery , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy , Adult , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , Brazil/epidemiology , CD4 Lymphocyte Count , Cohort Studies , Colposcopy/methods , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Incidence , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
4.
São Paulo med. j ; 131(6): 405-410, 2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-697417

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women have higher incidence, prevalence, persistence and recurrence of pre-invasive cervical lesions (CIN II or III). The aim here was to investigate the risk of recurrence of CIN II/III among HIV-infected women (HIV+) and uninfected women in a cohort treated by means of large-loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ). DESIGN AND SETTING: Cohort study conducted at Instituto Fernandes Figueira/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IFF/Fiocruz). METHODS: 60 HIV+ and 209 HIV-negative patients were included in a cohort for follow-up after undergoing LLETZ to treat CIN II/III. A histopathological diagnosis of CIN II/III during the follow-up was taken to constitute recurrence. The following possible confounding variables were assessed: age at treatment and at end of follow-up; histological grade of intraepithelial disease treated; surgical margin involvement; adequacy of colposcopy during the follow-up; CD4+ lymphocyte count; HIV viral load; and type of antiretroviral therapy. RESULTS: Among the 60 HIV+ women, six showed recurrent disease during the follow-up. However, among the 209 HIV-negative women, seven showed a new precursor lesion. The relative risk of disease recurrence in the HIV+ women was 4.21 (95% CI = 1.42 to 12.43). The Kaplan-Meyer curve showed that the risk of recurrence was significantly higher among HIV+ women (log-rank test: P = 0.0111). CONCLUSION: The HIV+ women in our cohort presented a risk of CIN II/III recurrence at least 42% higher than among the HIV-negative women. These patients should form part of a rigorous screening and follow-up protocol for identification and appropriate treatment of cervical cancer precursor lesions. .


CONTEXTO E OBJETIVOS: Mulheres infectadas pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) apresentam maior incidência, prevalência, persistência e recorrência após tratamentos de lesões pré-invasivas do colo uterino (NIC II ou III). O objetivo foi verificar o risco de recorrência de NIC II/III em mulheres infectadas pelo HIV (HIV+) e não infectadas (HIV-) em uma coorte tratada pela exérese eletrocirúrgica da zona de transformação do colo uterino (EZT). TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo de tipo coorte realizado no Instituto Fernandes Figueira/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IFF/Fiocruz). MÉTODOS: 60 HIV+ e 209 HIV- foram incluídas em uma coorte após terem sido submetidas à EZT para tratamento de NIC II/III. Foi considerado como recorrência o diagnóstico histopatológico de NIC II/III. Foram estudadas as seguintes variáveis possivelmente confundidoras: idade no tratamento e ao final do seguimento, grau histológico da doença intra-epitelial tratada, comprometimento de margens, adequação da colposcopia no seguimento, contagem de linfócitos CD4+, carga viral de HIV e tipo de terapia antiretroviral. RESULTADOS: Dentre as 60 mulheres HIV+, 6 apresentaram doença recorrente durante o seguimento. De 209 HIV-, 7 apresentaram uma nova lesão precursora. O risco relativo de recorrência de doença nas HIV+ foi de 4,21 (IC 95% 1,42-12,43). Uma curva de Kaplan-Meyer mostra que o risco de recorrência é significativamente maior em mulheres HIV+ (teste de log-rank: P = 0,0111). CONCLUSÃO: Mulheres HIV+ em nossa coorte apresentaram risco de recorrência pelo menos 42% maior do que mulheres HIV-. Essas pacientes devem fazer parte de um protocolo de rastreio e acompanhamento rigoroso para identificação e tratamento adequado das lesões precursoras do câncer ...


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/surgery , Electrosurgery/methods , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/surgery , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , Brazil/epidemiology , Cohort Studies , Colposcopy/methods , Follow-Up Studies , Incidence , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
5.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 27(3): 143-148, mar. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BVSAM | ID: lil-405447

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: descrever a etiologia, evolução e prevalência de hidropisia fetal em coorte de gestantes em 10 anos de acompanhamento (1992 a 2002), em uma maternidade terciária. MÉTODOS: estudo retrospectivo foi realizado em pacientes referidas para a maternidade do Instituto Fernandes Figueira com o diagnóstico de hidropisia fetal, detectado pelo exame de ultra-sonografia, durante o período compreendido entre 1992 e 2002. Os casos foram selecionados quanto à etiologia (imune ou não-imune), sendo comparados quanto à evolução, procedimentos invasivos realizados e sobrevivência. A análise das variáveis foi realizada por meio do programa Epi-Info 6.0, sendo considerado valor de significância estatística um valor de p<0,05. RESULTADOS: durante o período de estudo, 80 gestantes foram atendidas com diagnóstico inicial de hidropisia fetal. A freqüência de hidropisia nesta população foi de 1 para 157 nascidos vivos. Isoimunização Rh (grupo imune - GI) foi diagnosticada em 13 casos (16,2 por cento), restando portanto 67 casos (83,8 por cento) considerados como devidos a causas não imunes (grupo não imune - GNI). As causas mais comuns de hidropisia fetal não imune são: idiopáticas (40,2 por cento), genéticas (20,8 por cento), infecciosas (20,7 por cento) e cardiopatia fetal (7,4 por cento). Foi encontrada diferença em relação à idade materna do grupo imune (média = 32,8 anos) quando comparada com o grupo não imune (média=28,7) (p=0,03), porém a idade gestacional ao nascimento foi similar em ambos os grupo, (média de 33,6 semanas no grupo imune e de 33,1 semanas no grupo não imune (p=0,66). Amniocentese e transfusão sanguínea in utero foram realizadas com maior freqüência no grupo imune (p<0,001) e a letalidade perinatal encontrada foi de 53,8 por cento no grupo imune e 68,6 por cento no grupo não imune (p=0,47). A pesquisa complementar de anticorpos IgG anti-parvovírus B19 foi realizada em 41 dos 67 casos de hidropisia fetal não imune e somente 16 apresentaram resultado pos...


Subject(s)
Female , Pregnancy , Humans , Incidence , Parvovirus B19, Human , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious , Hydrops Fetalis/etiology , Retrospective Studies , Pregnancy, High-Risk , Rh Isoimmunization , Prognosis
6.
Arq. bras. med ; 60(3): 197-202, maio-jun. 1986. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-35765

ABSTRACT

Com o objetivo de estudar as alteraçöes histológicas e ultra-estruturais do testículo criptorquídico foram examinadas 20 biópsias testiculares oriundas de pacientes na faixa etária de dois a 12 anos, portadores de criptorquidia, sendo que, em 11 desses, foi feita microscopia eletrônica concomitantemente. Constituíram achados constantes na microscopia óptica reduçäo do diâmetro tubular médio, número significativamente reduzido de espermatogônias (p<0,01), deficiência de maturaçäo e alteraçöes degenerativas das células dos túbulos seminíferos. Além dessas alteraçöes, verificou-se, com certa freqüência, fibrose do interstício e espessamento da parede de vasos intertubulares. A microscopia eletrônica revelou alteraçöes degenerativas e deficiência de maturaçäo, tanto em expermatogônias, quanto em células de Sertoli, sendo que essas últimas apresentaram também sinais de regressäo. Ocasionalmente, formas anômalas de espermatogônias foram evidenciadas. Outros aspectos observados com freqüência foram representados por espessamento elétron-denso homogêneo da lâmina basal dos túbulos seminíferos, fibrose da túnica própria e do tecido conjuntivo intertubular. Células com características indiscutíveis de células de Leydig näo foram evidenciadas nem na microscopia óptica nem na eletrônica


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Child , Humans , Male , Cryptorchidism/pathology , Testis/ultrastructure
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