Synthesis and characterization of porous structures of rutile TiO2 /Na0.8Ti4O8/Na2Ti6O13 for biomedical applications.

This method involves the use of molding, pressing and sintering techniques applied to different powder mixtures of TiO2 with sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3 (15 wt% and 30 wt% NaHCO3), to obtain porous structures of rutile TiO2/Na0.8Ti4O8/Na2Ti6O13 and Na0.8Ti4O8/Na2Ti6O13 for possible biomedical implant applications. The method validation includes X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD) analysis refined by the Rietveld method using X'Pert HighScore Plus. The surface morphology was observed by using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and, finally, a Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line was cultured with the porous structures to determine the effect of material composition on the cellular response using a LDH cytotoxicity assay. •The method does not require the use of toxic solvents to remove residues.•The porous structure formed is composed mainly of crystalline phases Na2Ti6O13/TiO2 reported as biocompatible.•It did not need complicated solid-liquid separation processes.