ABSTRACT
The Evaluation of Therapeutic Community Treatments and Outcomes (VOECT) study was conducted in 131 Italian Therapeutic Communities (TCs) in 2008/2009. All of the patients entering residential treatment for drug or alcohol dependence were invited to participate. Data regarding patient socio-demographic characteristics, drug and alcohol consumption, health and psychopathological status, prior treatments and outcomes, and their motivation score were collected upon enrolment onto the study. The aim of this work was to identify the factors associated with allocation to short- versus long-term programmes in drug or alcohol dependent patients entering TCs in Italy. Of the 2470 patients included in the analysis, 30.8% were allocated to short-term treatment and 69.2% to long-term treatment. Several factors were significantly associated with the allocation to short- and long-term treatments: unstable living conditions; entering the TC when not detoxified; a high Symptom Checklist-90 somatization score; prior cessation episodes; previous in-patient detoxification treatments; psychosocial treatments; entering the TC by oneself; and a low motivation score.
Subject(s)
Alcoholism/rehabilitation , Residential Treatment , Substance-Related Disorders/rehabilitation , Therapeutic Community , Adult , Alcoholism/psychology , Cohort Studies , Female , Humans , Italy , Long-Term Care , Male , Middle Aged , Psychotherapy, Brief , Time Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
A simple method to obtain in high yields mixed-ligand nickel-dithiolene complexes, which show strong negative solvatochromism and negative first molecular hyperpolarizability, and the use of Raman spectroscopy to establish the extent of electronic delocalisation in these complexes, are reported.
ABSTRACT
A series of derivatives belonging to a new class of compounds (R4-todit) were highly cytotoxic to a panel of leukaemia- and solid tumour-derived cell lines (IC50 = 0.06-20 microM). The most potent compound was the butyl4 derivative (IC50 = 0.06-5.1 microM); T leukaemia and melanoma cells were the most susceptible cells to this inhibitor (IC50 0.06 microM and 0.1 microM, respectively). The effect of butyl4-todit was irreversible, and led to progressive cell death. The compound showed a comparable potency against exponentially growing and stationary phase cells, and against cell lines expressing the MDR phenotype. The cytotoxicity of butyl4-todit in human normal PBL was up to 20 fold lower than that shown against T leukaemia cells. When tested for antiangiogenic activity in vivo, 1.5 mg/Kg butyl4-todit resulted in over 70% inhibition of the angiogenesis process induced in mice by Kaposi's sarcoma cell secreted products.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/toxicity , Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring/toxicity , Imidazoles/toxicity , Thiones/toxicity , Animals , Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry , Cell Division/drug effects , Cell Survival/drug effects , Culture Media , Doxorubicin/toxicity , Drug Resistance, Multiple , HeLa Cells , Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring/chemistry , Humans , Imidazoles/chemistry , KB Cells , Leukemia, T-Cell , Lymphocytes/drug effects , Lymphocytes/pathology , Male , Melanoma , Mice , Mice, Inbred Strains , Neovascularization, Pathologic/prevention & control , Sarcoma, Kaposi/blood supply , Structure-Activity Relationship , Thiones/chemistry , Tumor Cells, CulturedABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of the severity of concomitant psychiatric symptomatology on some selected measures of methadone maintenance treatment efficacy in a comprehensive methadone maintenance treatment program (MMTP). The cohort studied included 267 patients who entered a maintenance program in the years 1991-92. Two groups of patients differing in the severity of psychiatric symptomatology were obtained on the bases of the referral to the psychiatrist and the ascertainment of a current disorder. These two groups were compared for retention in treatment, urine tests positive for morphine while in treatment and methadone dose during an observation period of 2 years. The outcome of the study suggests that on these outcome parameters, patients on MMTP who are more psychiatrically ill can perform as well as the other patients.
