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Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-73953

ABSTRACT

La dieta vegetariana es cada vez más frecuente en nuestrospacientes. La alimentación está basada únicamente en productosvegetales; algunos menos estrictos aceptan el consumode huevo y/o leche. Se asocia a menor prevalecia deobesidad, enfermedad cardiovascular, diabetes y cáncer, perotienen menor aporte energético y proteico, y podemosencontrar déficit de vitamina B12, entre otras. La vitaminaB12 únicamente podemos obtenerla a través del consumo deproductos animales. Su déficit puede provocar anemia, trastornosneuropsiquiátricos y alteración de la función cognitiva.La carencia de vitamina B12 es el principal riesgo de losvegetarianos. Para evitarlo podrían optar por ingerir alimentosenriquecidos con vitamina B12, suplementos de vitaminaB12 o el consumo de leche o huevos. Las dietas vegetarianasbien planificadas son seguras y saludables, pero si son inadecuadaspueden producir déficits nutricionales, entre ellos elde vitamina B12 (AU)


The vegetarian diet is becoming more frequent in our patients.The food intake is based exclusively on plant products, with some less strict diets including the consumption of egg and/or milk. It is associated to a lower rate of obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and cáncer, however, it provides a lower contribution of energy and protein, it being possible to find vitamin B12 deficit, among others. VitaminB12 can only be obtained through the consumption of animal products. Its deficit can provoke anemia, neurological and psychiatrics disorders, and cognitive function alterations. Lack of vitamin B12 is the principal risk for vegetarians. To avoid it, they should eat vitamin B12 enriched foods, take vitamin B12 supplements or eat milk or eggs. Well-planned vegetarian diets are sure and healthy, but if they are inadequate they can produce nutritional deficits, among them that of vitamin B12 (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Diet, Vegetarian/adverse effects , Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/etiology , Pityriasis Rosea/etiology , Anemia/etiology , Cognition Disorders/etiology
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