One-dimensional lanthanide coordination polymers: synthesis, structures, and single-ion magnetic behaviour.

A family of isostructural one-dimensional (1D) lanthanide compounds with the formula [Ln(III)(L)(NO3)(DMF)2]∞, where Ln = Tb (1), Dy (2), Ho (3) and Er (4), was synthesised and structurally characterised. The magnetic behaviour of these compounds is demonstrated, and their static and dynamic properties are discussed and analyzed. The results of dc magnetic susceptibility measurements regarding compounds 1-4 indicate the existence of thermal depopulation of the crystal field-induced splitting of mJ levels of Ln ions, while the observed frequency-dependent out-of-phase ac magnetic susceptibility signals under certain magnetic fields for compounds 1, 2, and 4 show a slow relaxation of the magnetisation with an energy barrier of 6.15, 54.45, and 28.14 K, respectively. Also, complex 2 shows peak maxima of χM'' signals in temperature-dependent as well as frequency-dependent ac magnetic susceptibility measurements under an appropriate magnetic field, indicating that the relaxation process is dominantly thermally activated.

Mn4 single-molecule-magnet-based polymers of a one-dimensional helical chain and a three-dimensional network: syntheses, crystal structures, and magnetic properties.

Two Mn(4) single-molecule-magnet (SMM)-based coordination polymers, {[Mn(4)O(salox)(3)(N(3))(3)(DMF)(2)(H(2)O)(dpp)]·0.5MeOH}(n) (1·0.5MeOH; H(2)salox = salicylaldoxime; dpp = 1,3-di-4-pyridylpropane; DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide) and {[Mn(4)O(Me-salox)(3)(N(3))(3)(dpp)(1.5)]·1.5Et(2)O}(n) (2·1.5Et(2)O; Me-H(2)salox = hydroxyphenylethanone oxime), are self-assembled from Mn(ClO(4))(2)·6H(2)O/H(2)salox and Mn(ClO(4))(2)·6H(2)O/Me-H(2)salox systems with dpp and NaN(3) in DMF/MeOH, respectively. Both compounds comprise a mixed-valence tetranuclear manganese core, [Mn(II)Mn(III)(3)O](9+), which serves as a building unit for subsequent assembly via oximate and azido ligands. The flexible dpp ligand links with a Mn(4) unit, leading to the formation of a one-dimensional helical structure in 1·0.5MeOH and a three-dimensional pcu network in 2·1.5Et(2)O. The magnetic data analysis shows that antiferromagnetic interactions within the Mn(4) units resulted in S = (3)/(2) and (7)/(2) ground states for 1·0.5MeOH and 2·1.5Et(2)O, respectively. Both compounds show SMM behavior, as evidenced by frequency-dependent out-of-phase signals in alternating-current magnetic susceptibility and magnetic hysteresis loop studies with an energy barrier of U(eff) = 37 K for 2·1.5Et(2)O.

Slow magnetic relaxation in an octanuclear manganese chain.

A one-dimensional chain containing a mixed-valence octanuclear manganese(II,III) building unit, (NEt(4))(2n)[Mn(8)O(2)(salox)(6)(N(3))(8)(MeOH)(3)](n) (H(2)salox = salicylaldoxime), was synthesized and characterized structurally and magnetically. Each building unit contains a [Mn(II)(2)Mn(III)(6)O(2)](18+) structural topology. The frequency dependence of the out-of-phase component in alternating current magnetic susceptibilities and hysteresis loops for the complex indicates single-chain-magnet-like behavior.

A manganese single-chain magnet exhibits a large magnetic coercivity.

A manganese single-chain magnet, [Mn(6)O(2)(4-MeOsalox)(6)(N(3))(2)(MeOH)(4)](n) (4-MeO-H(2)salox = 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde oxime), is synthesized via the assembly of Mn(6) single-molecule magnets, which exhibits a large magnetic coercivity.

A [MnIII3O]7+ single-molecule magnet: the anisotropy barrier enhanced by structural distortion.

A trinuclear manganese complex, [Mn 3O(Me-salox) 3(2,4'-bpy) 3(ClO 4)].0.5MeCN ( 1.0.5MeCN; Me-H 2salox = 2-hydroxyphenylethanone oxime), has been synthesized and characterized structurally as a [Mn (III) 3(mu 3-O)] (7+) core. Structural distortion by the twisting of the oxime ligand dominates ferromagnetic interactions within three Mn ions to give an S = 6 ground state as well as to enhance the anisotropy barrier U eff to 37.5 K.

Mixed-valence tetra- and hexanuclear manganese complexes from the flexibility of pyridine-containing beta-diketone ligands.

The reactions of [Mn3O(O2CCCl3)6(H2O)3] with 1-phenyl-3-(2-pyridyl)propane-1,3-dione (HL(1)) and 1-(2-pyridly)-3-(p-tolyl)propane-1,3-dione (HL(2)) in CH2Cl2 afford the mixed-valence Mn(II)2Mn(III)2 tetranuclear complexes [Mn4O(O2CCCl3)6(L(1))2] (1) and [Mn4O(O2CCCl3)6L2(2)] (2), respectively. Similar reactions employing [Mn3O(O2CPh)6(H2O)(py)2] with HL(1) and HL(2) give the Mn(II)3Mn(III)3 hexanuclear complexes [Mn6O2(O2CPh)8(L(1))3] (3) and [Mn6O2(O2CPh)8L3(2)] (4), respectively. Complexes 1.2CH2Cl2, 2.2CH2Cl2.H2O, 3.1.5CH2Cl2.Et2O.H2O, and 4.2CH2Cl2 crystallize in the triclinic space group P1, monoclinic space group P2(1)/c, monoclinic space group P2 1/ n, and monoclinic space group P2(1)/n, respectively. Complexes 1 and 2 consist of a trapped-valence tetranuclear core of [Mn(II)2Mn(III)2(mu4-O)](8+), and complexes 3 and 4 represent a new structural type, possessing a [Mn(II)3Mn(III)3(mu4-O)2](11+) core. The magnetic data indicate that complexes 3 and 4 have a ground-state spin value of S = 7/2 with significant magnetoanisotropy as gauged by the D values of -0.51 cm (-1) and -0.46 cm (-1), respectively, and frequency-dependent out-of-phase signals in alternating current magnetic susceptibility studies indicate their superparamagnetic behavior. In contrast, complexes 1 and 2 are low-spin molecules with an S = 1 ground state. Single-molecule magnetism behavior confirmed for 3 the presence of sweep-rate and temperature-dependent hysteresis loops in single-crystal M versus H studies at temperatures down to 40 mK.

Dinuclear oxovanadium(IV) thiolate complexes with ferromagnetically coupled interaction between vanadium centers.

Two dinuclear oxovanadium(IV) thiolate complexes, [N(C5H11)4]2[VOL1]2 (1) and [N(C4H9)4][(VOL2)2(mu-OCH3)] (2) (where L1 = [(CH3)SiO(C6H4-2-S)2]3- and L2 = [(C6H5)PO(C6H4-2-S)2]2-), have been synthesized and characterized. The geometry of the anion in 1 can be classified to an edge-sharing bi-square-pyramid with a syn-orthogonal configuration. The one in 2 can be view as a face-sharing bioctahedron with two oxo groups in syn positions. Of note, these two complexes display intramolecular ferromagnetic interaction between two metal centers.

First example of a 2:1 cocrystal of mixed Cu(I)/Cu(II) complexes and a novel ferromagnetic bis(mu-hydroxo)dicopper(II) complex with a bis(pyrazol-1-yl)methane bidentate ligand.

A unique 2:1 cocrystal of mixed Cu(I)/Cu(II) complexes [Cu(I)(H2CPz2)(MeCN)2](ClO4) (1) and [Cu(II)(H2CPz2)2(ClO4)2] (4), a novel ferromagnetic ClO(4-)-bridged bis(mu-hydroxo)dicopper(II) complex, [Cu2(H2CPz2)2(OH)2(ClO4)](ClO4)(CH3CN)(0.5) (5), and a bischelated copper(I) complex, [Cu(H2CPz2)2](ClO4) (2), prepared from a one-pot reaction of [Cu(MeCN)4](ClO4) and H2CPz2, are described. The structures of these complexes have been determined by X-ray crystallographic methods. The Cu(I)-N(acetonitrile) bond distances in complex 1 are nonequivalent (1.907(8) and 2.034(9) A), leading to the dissociation of one MeCN to form a Y-shaped complex, [Cu(I)(H2CPz2)(MeCN)](ClO4) (3), which is oxidized readily in air to form complex 5 with a butterfly Cu2O2 core.

Tetranuclear and Octanuclear Manganese Carboxylate Clusters: Preparation and Reactivity of (NBu(n)(4))[Mn(4)O(2)(O(2)CPh)(9)(H(2)O)] and Synthesis of (NBu(n)(4))(2)[Mn(8)O(4)(O(2)CPh)(12)(Et(2)mal)(2)(H(2)O)(2)] with a "Linked-Butterfly" Structure.

The reaction of Mn(O(2)CPh)(2).2H(2)O and PhCO(2)H in EtOH/MeCN with NBu(n)(4)MnO(4) gives (NBu(n)(4))[Mn(4)O(2)(O(2)CPh)(9)(H(2)O)] (4) in high yield (85-95%). Complex 4 crystallizes in monoclinic space group P2(1)/c with the following unit cell parameters at -129 degrees C: a = 17.394(3) Å, b = 19.040(3) Å, c = 25.660(5) Å, beta = 103.51(1) degrees, V = 8262.7 Å(3), Z = 4; the structure was refined on F to R (R(w)) = 9.11% (9.26%) using 4590 unique reflections with F > 2.33sigma(F). The anion of 4 consists of a [Mn(4)(&mgr;(3)-O)(2)](8+) core with a "butterfly" disposition of four Mn(III) atoms. In addition to seven bridging PhCO(2)(-) groups, there is a chelating PhCO(2)(-) group at one "wingtip" Mn atom and terminal PhCO(2)(-) and H(2)O groups at the other. Complex 4 is an excellent steppingstone to other [Mn(4)O(2)]-containing species. Treatment of 4 with 2,2-diethylmalonate (2 equiv) leads to isolation of (NBu(n)(4))(2)[Mn(8)O(4)(O(2)CPh)(12)(Et(2)mal)(2)(H(2)O)(2)] (5) in 45% yield after recrystallization. Complex 5 is mixed-valent (2Mn(II),6Mn(III)) and contains an [Mn(8)O(4)](14+) core that consists of two [Mn(4)O(2)](7+) (Mn(II),3Mn(III)) butterfly units linked together by one of the &mgr;(3)-O(2)(-) ions in each unit bridging to one of the body Mn atoms in the other unit, and thus converting to &mgr;(4)-O(2)(-) modes. The Mn(II) ions are in wingtip positions. The Et(2)mal(2)(-) groups each bridge two wingtip Mn atoms from different butterfly units, providing additional linkage between the halves of the molecule. Complex 5.4CH(2)Cl(2) crystallizes in monoclinic space group P2(1)/c with the following unit cell parameters at -165 degrees C: a = 16.247(5) Å, b = 27.190(8) Å, c = 17.715(5) Å, beta = 113.95(1) degrees, V = 7152.0 Å(3), Z = 4; the structure was refined on F to R (R(w)) = 8.36 (8.61%) using 4133 unique reflections with F > 3sigma(F). The reaction of 4 with 2 equiv of bpy or picolinic acid (picH) yields the known complex Mn(4)O(2)(O(2)CPh)(7)(bpy)(2) (2), containing Mn(II),3Mn(III), or (NBu(n)(4))[Mn(4)O(2)(O(2)CPh)(7)(pic)(2)] (6), containing 4Mn(III). Treatment of 4 with dibenzoylmethane (dbmH, 2 equiv) gives the mono-chelate product (NBu(n)(4))[Mn(4)O(2)(O(2)CPh)(8)(dbm)] (7); ligation of a second chelate group requires treatment of 7 with Na(dbm), which yields (NBu(n)(4))[Mn(4)O(2)(O(2)CPh)(7)(dbm)(2)] (8). Complexes 7 and 8 both contain a [Mn(4)O(2)](8+) (4Mn(III)) butterfly unit. Complex 7 contains chelating dbm(-) and chelating PhCO(2)(-) at the two wingtip positions, whereas 8 contains two chelating dbm(-) groups at these positions, as in 2 and 6. Complex 7.2CH(2)Cl(2) crystallizes in monoclinic space group P2(1) with the following unit cell parameters at -170 degrees C: a = 18.169(3) Å, b = 19.678(4) Å, c = 25.036(4) Å, beta = 101.49(1) degrees, V = 8771.7 Å(3), Z = 4; the structure was refined on F to R (R(w)) = 7.36% (7.59%) using 10 782 unique reflections with F > 3sigma(F). Variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility studies have been carried out on powdered samples of complexes 2 and 5 in a 10.0 kG field in the 5.0-320.0 K range. The effective magnetic moment (&mgr;(eff)) for 2 gradually decreases from 8.61 &mgr;(B) per molecule at 320.0 K to 5.71 &mgr;(B) at 13.0 K and then increases slightly to 5.91 &mgr;(B) at 5.0 K. For 5, &mgr;(eff) gradually decreases from 10.54 &mgr;(B) per molecule at 320.0 K to 8.42 &mgr;(B) at 40.0 K, followed by a more rapid decrease to 6.02 &mgr;(B) at 5.0 K. On the basis of the crystal structure of 5 showing the single Mn(II) ion in each [Mn(4)O(2)](7+) subcore to be at a wingtip position, the Mn(II) ion in 2 was concluded to be at a wingtip position also. Employing the reasonable approximation that J(w)(b)(Mn(II)/Mn(III)) = J(w)(b)(Mn(III)/M(III)), where J(w)(b) is the magnetic exchange interaction between wingtip (w) and body (b) Mn ions of the indicated oxidation state, a theoretical chi(M) vs T expression was derived and used to fit the experimental molar magnetic susceptibility (chi(M)) vs T data. The obtained fitting parameters were J(w)(b) = -3.9 cm(-)(1), J(b)(b) = -9.2 cm(-)(1), and g = 1.80. These values suggest a S(T) = (5)/(2) ground state spin for 2, which was confirmed by magnetization vs field measurements in the 0.5-50.0 kG magnetic field range and 2.0-30.0 K temperature range. For complex 5, since the two bonds connecting the two [Mn(4)O(2)](7+) units are Jahn-Teller elongated and weak, it was assumed that complex 5 could be treated, to a first approximation, as consisting of weakly-interacting halves; the magnetic susceptibility data for 5 at temperatures >/=40 K were therefore fit to the same theoretical expression as used for 2, and the fitting parameters were J(w)(b) = -14.0 cm(-)(1) and J(b)(b) = -30.5 cm(-)(1), with g = 1.93 (held constant). These values suggest an S(T) = (5)/(2) ground state spin for each [Mn(4)O(2)](7+) unit of 5, as found for 2. The interactions between the subunits are difficult to incorporate into this model, and the true ground state spin value of the entire Mn(8) anion was therefore determined by magnetization vs field studies, which showed the ground state of 5 to be S(T) = 3. The results of the studies on 2 and 5 are considered with respect to spin frustration effects within the [Mn(4)O(2)](7+) units. Complexes 2 and 5 are EPR-active and -silent, respectively, consistent with their S(T) = (5)/(2) and S(T) = 3 ground states, respectively.