Subject(s)
Antipsychotic Agents , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity , Social Communication Disorder , Tourette Syndrome , Adolescent , Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects , Aripiprazole/adverse effects , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy , Humans , Tourette Syndrome/drug therapyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Noting that the usefulness of cases diagnosed in administrative registers is dependent on diagnostic validity, in this study, we aim to elucidate the correlation between Tourette syndrome and allergy in children and adolescents, specifically with regard to incidence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and atopic dermatitis. METHODS: Based on a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria, we intend to enroll 200 children and adolescents aged 18 years and younger, accompanied by their parents, for a duration of 2 years. We will administer an anonymous questionnaire in a case-control study. We will use the chi-squared test to evaluate differences between cases and controls. RESULTS: According to the European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, the proportion of allergic diseases expected in patients with Tourette syndrome is 53.1% (17/32) and 22.9% (8/35) in the controls. Setting the type 1 error to 0.05 and the power to 0.8, we will ensure a 1:2 case-to-control ratio. CONCLUSIONS: This study protocol describes our analysis of anonymous questionnaire responses. Comorbidity rates, environmental factors, and genetic factors for various allergens, allergies, and other neuropsychiatric disorders will be studied.
Subject(s)
Asthma , Conjunctivitis, Allergic , Dermatitis, Atopic , Tourette Syndrome , Adolescent , Case-Control Studies , Child , Dermatitis, Atopic/diagnosis , Dermatitis, Atopic/epidemiology , Humans , Tourette Syndrome/diagnosis , Tourette Syndrome/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Here, we describe a case in which an original diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Asperger's syndrome was later adapted to social communication disorder, to meet the new guidelines. First, separate diagnostic labels of autism disorder, Asperger's disorder, and PDD-NOS have been replaced by one umbrella term "autism spectrum disorder". Second, the new DSM-5 criteria are more stringent than the old criteria. For example, observation of a higher number of symptoms is necessary to meet the criteria, such as restricted interests and repetitive behaviors. Third, the communication and social interaction domains are combined into one, titled "social/communication deficits." Finally, requirement of a delay in language development is no longer necessary to establish a diagnosis of autism.
