CORRELATIONS OF SERUM VITAMIN D WITH METABOLIC PARAMETERS IN ADULT OUTPATIENTS WITH DIFFERENT DEGREES OF OVERWEIGHT / OBESITY COMING FROM AN URBAN COMMUNITY.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the correlations between serum 25(OH) vitamin D and anthropometric and metabolic parameters in adult outpatients of both sexes with different BMI coming from an urban community. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: 264 subjects referred for obesity assessment participated - 109 men and 155 women (20-60 years). Body weight and height, waist circumference (WC), blood pressure were recorded. Body composition was assessed by bioelectrical impedance (BIA) on a Tanita BC 420 MA analyzer (Tanita Inc., Japan). Serum 25(OH)D Total, Insulin, High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, blood glucose, total, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides were measured. The insulin resistance index was calculated (HOMA-IR). Participants with BMI>25.0 kg/m2 underwent standard 75 g OGTT. Statistical analysis was performed on an IBM SPSS Statistics 19.0 for Windows platform (Chicago, IL). RESULTS: Normal weight was found in 27.2 % of the participants, 24.6 % had overweight, 29.2 % -class I obesity, and 18.9 % - class II or III. Vitamin D was weakly and inversely correlated to different variables in the whole group - such as weight, WC, WC/Height, % body fat and HOMA-IR index (r=-0.231, -0.283, -0.307, -0.339, -0.328 respectively, all p<0.001). Building subgroups based on BMI led to loss of significance. Backward analysis revealed Total-C/LDL-C ratio, and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio as strongest predictors of serum vitamin D (p=0.001; R2=0.204). CONCLUSION: The association of vitamin D with blood pressure, plasma lipids, glucose and insulin is very weak on an individual level. However, several obesity indices (WC, WC/height ratio, % Body fat from BIA) might be used as a screening tool for subjects at risk for vitamin D deficiency.

Serum Paraoxonase-1 Levels are Significantly Decreased in the Presence of Insulin Resistance.

UNLABELLED: Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is an extracellular esterase contributing to the anti-atherogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of HDL and has a protective role in the progression of atherosclerosis. The aim of the present study was to compare serum paraoxonase-1 levels between obese subjects with prediabetes and normal glucose tolerance. METHODS: In this study were included 76 patients with mean age 50.7±10.7 years, divided into 2 age and BMI-matched groups - group 1 with obesity without glycemic disturbances (n=38) and group 2 with prediabetes (n=38). Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with measurement of immunoreactive insulin was performed in all participants and levels of PON1 were measured using ELISA method. RESULTS: There was only a tendency towards higher PON1 levels in patients with prediabetes compared to controls. However, individuals with insulin resistance had significantly lower levels of PON1 compared to those without. The levels of PON1 showed a negative correlation with the blood glucose on 120th minute of OGTT, fasting IRI, HOMA index, BMI, WSR, WHR and particularly with waist circumference and positive with HDL-cholesterol. CONCLUSIONS: The levels of PON1 are similar in patients with and wthout prediabetes, but are significantly decreased in patients with insulin resistance and correlate with anthropometric markers of visceral adiposity.

Irisin in the Glucose Continuum.

AIM: Irisin, a novel myokine has been involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic syndrome. The aim of the current study was to investigate this association by comparing individuals from the whole spectrum of carbohydrate disturbances. METHOD: A total of 160 subjects participated in the study - 50 had normal glucose tolerance (NGT), 60 had prediabetes (PreDM), 50 had T2D. Subjects in the 3 groups were age, sex and BMI-matched. Standard OGTTs were performed for the distribution of patients in each group. Circulating serum irisin was measured by ELISA method. RESULTS: Mean age of the participants of the study was 48.8 (± 7.97) years. Circulating irisin levels were statistically different in the 3 study groups - highest in NGT - median 619 ng/ml (IQR=567), lower in PreDM - 314 ng/ml (IQR=577) and lowest in T2D - 228 ng/ml (IQR=200). In males, irisin correlated positively with BMI (r=0.475, p<0.001), negatively with fasting glucose (r=- 0.547, p<0.001) and negatively with hepatic enzymes: ALT (r=- 0.281, p<0.05), AST (r=- 0.153, p>0.05), GGT (r=- 0.293, p<0.05). Similar correlations were observed in females. ROC analyses established irisin suitable for distinguishing T2D subjects from those without the condition (AUC=0.779, p<0.001) and insulin resistance (AUC=0.679, p=0.009), but not for MetS or dyslipidaemia. In a binary logistic regression model, after adjustment for confounders, irisin of ≤658 ng/ml had an OR of 7.125 for T2D in females. CONCLUSION: Circulating irisin levels progressively decreased with the worsening of the glucose tolerance. Irisin correlated well with traditional biochemical and anthropometric parameters of metabolic health.

[HISTORY OF GYNECOLOGICAL DISORDERS, OBSTERIC PATHOLOGY AND ANDROGEN LEVELS AS PROGNOSTIC FACTORS AND INDICES OF MYOCARDIAL INJURY AMONG POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME.]

The study ob]ective was assessment of pathogenetic and prognostic significance of gynecologic and obstetrical pathology and the concentrations of sex steroids in adult women with acute coronaty syndrome (ACS). The study group included 120 postmenopausal women with ACS treated in the Clinic of Cardiology, University Hospital "Alexandrovska" between 2011 and 2013. Sex hormones were measured in 57 patients. Enzyme, electrochemiluminescent, enzyme-linked immunologic and immunoturbodimeric methods were used for the examined indices assessment. The history for gynecologic disorders and pregnancy complications was associated with coronaiy atherosclerotic burden (SYNTAX score - 4,6+/-8,8 vs 8,5+/-9,3, p=0,003), gynecologic history only - with lower 17Beta-estradiol levels (139,01+/-167,66 vs 113,51+/-304,1, p=0,004) and coronaly atherosclerosis severity (5,5+/-9,3 vs 8,0+/-10,3, p=0,058). Abnormally high endogenous concentrations of androgens were found among the patients with ACS with ST elevation, STEMI (27,5% vs 77,8%, p=0,004), with significantly more intense acute infiammatoty response (8,7+/-3,21 vs 11,07+/-2,85, p=0,044 3a WBC) and more extensive acute myocardial damage (57,8+/-12,6 vs 45,3 ml, p=O,OO8 for e]ection fraction 33,7+/-37,4 vs 117+/-144,22 U/L, p=0,031 for CPK-MB; 0,89+/-8 18 vs 1,87+/-0,4 ng/ml, p=0,009 for hsTnT). The gynecologic and obstetrical history and hyperandrogenism are related to the extent and severity of coronary atherosclerosis, occurrence of STEMI, more intense acute inflammatory response and myocardial injury among postmenopausal women with ACS.

NT-proBNP levels in premenopausal women with polycystic ovarian syndrome and/or obesity.

According to some studies, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients have an increased risk for diabetes mellitus and often show an adverse cardiovascular risk profile. NT-proBNP was shown to have a high predictive value regarding cardiovascular events, especially in those without overt cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of NT-proBNP in 70 women with PCOS and/or obesity in relation to other classical cardiovascular risk factors. There was no statistical difference between NT-proBNP levels between obese, lean PCOS and obese PCOS patients; between patients with or without metabolic syndrome; or between patients with different cardiovascular risk, according to The Androgen Excess and PCOS Society consensus. NT-proBNP does not show significant correlation to age, weight, BMI, WHR, WSR, systolic or diastolic blood pressure and results from oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), except for immunoreactive insulin (IRI) at 120 min. NT-proBNP correlates weakly with HDL, but not with other indices of lipid metabolism.

[Cholera vibrio culture in a fermenter with automatic control of a number of parameters]. / Kultivirovanie kholernykh vibrionov v fermentere s avtomaticheskim kontrolem riada parametrov.

The cultivation of V. cholerae was carried out in casein broth in a fermenter. 2 kinds of cultivation conditions were compared. The results thus obtained indicate that the cultivation of V. cholerae under the conditions of the controlled level of dissolved oxygen (pO2--50%) ensures the optimum conditions for proliferation and the high yield of biomass; it also allows obtaining vaccine whose immunogenic properties are not inferior to those of the WHO reference vaccine.