[Role of cell-surface protein screening and the determinant of the other sensitin in polyvalent sensitization of tannin-treated erythrocytes]. / Rol' ékranirovaniia belkami kletochnoi poverkhnosti i determinant drugogo sensitina v polivalentnoi sensibilizatsii tanizirovannykh éritrotsitov.

On the strength of the data obtained in the study of the successive loading of tannin-treated red cells with two protein antigens (with the use of 12 different models) the limiting role of two factors in comparison with monovalent sensitization has been revealed. When a red blood cell is previously loaded with one protein, the possibilities of binding the second protein decrease due to the reduction of the available cells surface. Besides, both these proteins bound to the red blood cell screen each other by creating steric obstacles to the interaction of the protein determinants with antibodies. Such steric obstacles suppress, to a lesser extent, the association of the bound proteins with antibodies and, to a greater extent, the agglutination of antibodies with sensitized red blood cells.

[Serologic evaluation of the molecular forms of choriogonin during the course of pregnancy]. / O serologicheskoi otsenke molekuliarnykh form khoriogonina v dinamike beremennosti.

Antigenous (antibody binding) activity in vitro and disaggregating (absolute and relative) activity of choriogonin in the urine were studied simultaneously during pregnancy by means of the serologic tests--antibody neutralization and red cell disaggregation. The time course of choriogonin activity in the urine, which reflects variations in the molecular parameters of choriogonin in pregnancy indicates that it may be detected in the urine in the form of isohormones. Variations in the molecular parameters of choriogonin during pregnancy differ from those in its antibody binding activity. Application of serodiagnostic approaches may be valuable in determining the time course of the molecular parameters of hormones.

[Mechanism of the erythrocyte de-agglutination reaction]. / Nekotorye voprosy mekhanizma reaktsii raskleivaniia éritrotsitov.

The effect on the indication sensitivity of the level of antigenic sensitization of erythrocytes, molecular parameters of sensitin and of the antigen determined was revealed on various models of agglutinates and antigens determined with the aid of erythrocyte deaggregation reaction (EDR). By its dependence on the EDR sensitivity from the hemosensitization level this reaction was analogous to the passive hemagglutination inhibition test described earlier. Specific deaggregation activity of the antigens depended on their molecular parameters in the same way as their specific agglutinating activity in respect to the erythrocytic antibody diagnostic agents--both of these properties were more intensive in larger antigenic molecules.

[Nonspecific means of increasing the sensitivity of the passive hemagglutination reaction]. / Nespetsificheskie sposoby povysheniia chuvstvitel'nosti reaktsii passivnoi gemaggliutinatsii.

The effect of some methods of preliminary treatment of erythrocytes on the PHAT depended on the sensitin náture and the method of erythrocyte load. In case of erythrocyte load with nonprotein and immunoglobulin sensitins without any conjugating agents the simulating effect of heating and periodate treatment was caused not by increase of stable sensitin binding, but by the reduction of physico-chemical resistance of erythrocytes. This effect of erythrocyte treatment permitted to increase the sensitivity of the antibodies and antigens determination. In loading the erythrocytes with the aid of conjugating agents and in sensitization with protein antigens after Boyden no stimuating effect of the treatment was noted.

[Study of hemosensitization characteristics for the purpose of standardizing erythrocyte flagellin diagnostica]. / Izuchenie osobennostei gemosensibilizatsii s tsel'iu standartizatsii éritrotsitarnykh flagellinovykh diagnostikumov.

The work is devoted to the study of conditions required for the purpose of creation of standard and the most active preparations of erythrocytic H-diagnostic agents. The dependence of binding of the H-antigen by erythrocytes on the pH and the ionic power of the medium was investigated. It was demonstrated that in the process of erythrocyte sensitization with flagellin of great importance were electrostatic, hydrogen, and hydrophobic powers.

[Molecular parameters of sensitization of tannin-treated erythrocytes with Salmonella d-flagellin]. / Molekuliarnye parametry sensibilizatsii tanizirovannykh eritrotsitov sal'monelleznym d-flagellinom.

A study was made of the molecular parameters of sensitization of tannin-treated sheep red blood cells with salmonella d-flagellin, depending on the protein dose, exposure, and temperature of the medium; the role played in this process by physical and chemical mechanisms was ascertained, the latter proving to determine the hemosensitization level. Senstivity of the erythrocytic diagnostic agent to the agglutinating action of the specific serum was maximal with a stable binding by a single red blood cell of about 200 000 flagellin molecules, although the limit of stable binding constituted 340 000 molecules per one red blood cell. On condition of saturation limit of the erythrocyte flagellin should block not over half of the cell surface. The temperature elevation during the diagnostic agent preparation is advantageous in technological respect, since it leads to reduction of flagellin expenditure and increases the sensitivity of the passive hemagglutination tests.

[Selecting a method of erythrocyte fixation for the passive hemagglutination test according to the nature of the sensitin]. / O vybore metoda fiksatsii éritrotsitov dlia reaktsii passivnoi gemaggliutinatsii v zavisimosti ot prirody sensitina

Quantitative methods were applied to the study of the interaction of albumins, fraction I of Plague bacilli, diphtheria toxoid fractions differing by mol wt, flagellin of typhoid bacilli, 19S- and 7S-fractions of normal human, cholera horse, and paratyphoid B donkey sera with erythrocytes, fixed by 10 different methods. Fixation with acetaldehyde proved to be optimal for the binding of all the proteins, including flagellin, but the latter sensitized erythrocytes formalinized after Vainbach better. The significance of the method of erythrocyte fixation and of the nature of sensitin in the process of the erythrocyte loading without any utilization of the conjugating agents was demonstrated.

[Molecular aspects of the interaction of albumin and tannined erythrocytes in the process of hemosensitization. II. The effect of temperature]. / Molekuliarnye aspekty vzaimodeistviia al'bumina i tanizirovannykh éritrotsitov v protsesse gemosensibilizatsii. Soobshchenie II. Vliianie temperatury

A study was made of a combined influence of the temperature of the medium and of sensitin concentration on the process of interaction of tannin-treated sheep erythrocytes and human serum albumin. On the basis of determination of the number of molecules bound by a single erythrocyte during hemosensitization,, depending on the mentioned conditions, it was revealed that the relative total albumin binding increased with the elevation of temperature. Elevation of temperature also led to the absolute and the relative increase in the stable and a reduction in the loose albumin binding by a single erythrocyte and the growth of sensitivity of the passive hemagglutination test. The role of chemical mechanisms in the erythrocyte albumin loading was demonstrated; this permitted to carry out erythrocyte albumin sensitization at a comparatively high temperature for the purpose of increasing the efficacy of passive hemagglutination test.

[Molecular aspects of the interaction between albumin and tannin-treated erythrocytes in the process of hemosensitization. Report 1. Stable and unstable effects. Quantitative parameters]. / Molekuliarnye aspekty vzaimodeistviia al'bumina i tanizirovannykh éritrotsitov v protsesse gemosensibilizatsii. Soobshchenie 1. Prochnoe i rykhloe deistvie. Kolichestvennye parametry

A study was made of the process of interaction between the tannin-treated sheep erythrocytes and the human serum albumin. Protein binding increased, whereas the loose/stable binding ratio decreased with the rise of the initial protein concentration. The process of stable albumin binding is described by the Langmour equation, this permitting to assess the limiting binding values -- about 6-10(5) molecules per erythrocyte. Albumin molecules were bound by erythrocyte with their greatest surface. At any concentration albumin was incapable of occupying more than 85% of the erythrocyte surface; at 90% binding level it blocked only 51--52% of the tannin-treated erythrocyte. The data obtained were regarded as a methodical basis for the preparation of erythrocytic diagnostic agents with the proteins of albumin type.