Scalability and Sustainability of a Surgical Infection Prevention Program in Low-Income Environments.

Importance: Surgical infections are a major cause of perioperative morbidity and mortality, particularly in low-resource settings. Clean Cut, a 6-month quality improvement program developed by the global nonprofit organization Lifebox, has demonstrated improvements in postoperative infectious complications. However, the pilot program required intense external programmatic and resource support. Objective: To examine the improvement in adherence to infection prevention and control standards and rates of postoperative infections in hospitals in the Clean Cut program after implementation strategies were updated and program execution was refined. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cohort study evaluated and refined the Clean Cut implementation strategy to enhance scalability based on a qualitative study of its pilot phase, including formalizing programmatic and educational materials, building an automated data entry and analysis platform, and reorganizing hospital-based team composition. Clean Cut was introduced from January 1, 2019, to February 28, 2022, in 7 Ethiopian hospitals that had not previously participated in the program. Prospective data initiated on arrival in the operating room were collected, and patients were followed up through hospital discharge and with 30-day follow-up telephone calls. Exposure: Implementation of the refined Clean Cut program. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was surgical site infection (SSI); secondary outcomes were adherence to 6 infection prevention standards, mortality, hospital length of stay, and other infectious complications. Results: A total of 3364 patients (mean [SD] age, 26.5 [38.0] years; 2196 [65.3%] female) from 7 Ethiopian hospitals were studied (1575 at baseline and 1789 after intervention). After controlling for confounders, the relative risk of SSIs was reduced by 34.0% after program implementation (relative risk, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.54-0.81; P < .001). Appropriate Surgical Safety Checklist use increased from 16.3% to 43.0% (P < .001), surgeon hand and patient skin antisepsis improved from 46.0% to 66.0% (P < .001), and timely antibiotic administration improved from 17.8% to 39.0% (P < .001). Surgical instrument (38.7% vs 10.2%), linen sterility (35.5% vs 12.8%), and gauze counting (89.2% vs 82.5%; P < .001 for all comparisons) also improved significantly. Conclusions and Relevance: A modified implementation strategy for the Clean Cut program focusing on reduced external resource and programmatic input from Lifebox, structured education and training materials, and wider hospital engagement resulted in outcomes that matched our pilot study, with improved adherence to recognized infection prevention standards resulting in a reduction in SSIs. The demonstration of scalability reinforces the value of this SSI prevention program.

Case Report on Locked Pubic Symphysis with Concomitant Ipsilateral Acetabular Fracture.

BACKGROUND: Locked pubic symphysis or overlapping symphysis is a rare injury which happens when a pubic bone displaces behind the contra lateral pubic rami. It usually arises from lateral compression injuries. In this case report, we try to share our experience on the operative fixation of locked pubic symphysis and concomitant ipsilateral acetabular fracture. CASE PRESENTATION: A 24-year-old male patient presented after a road traffic accident with lateral compression injury to the pelvis. He was found to have locked pubic symphysis, right side transverse acetabular, and right side closed tibial fracture. He was taken to the operation theater 10 days later after he was managed for the additional chest contusion he had. Successful open reduction and plate fixation of the overlapped symphysis and percutaneous screw fixation of the ipsilateral acetabulum were done at the same time. An intramedullary nail was inserted for the tibial fracture. CONCLUSION: Locked symphysis is a rare trauma and even more complex when associated with acetabular fracture. Both situations may happen at the same time and could be managed operatively.