The possible use of V. parahaemolyticus - specific bacteriophages for prevention and therapy of infections caused by V. parahaemolyticus.

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is the most common halophilic Vibrio species causing serious gastroenteritis in humans. The main source of infection is consumption of undercooked or raw seafood or exposure to contaminated water. The monitoring conducted in 2006-2008 demonstrated that warm, subtropical climate and low- to moderate salinity of water in the Black Sea coastal zone provides a favorable environment for growth and spread of V. parahaemolyticus bacteria. Antibiotics are commonly applied for control V.parahaemolyticus infections in humans. However, with the growing problem with bacterial antibiotic-resistance search for alternative biological anti-infectives, such as bacteriophages, becomes more actual. The aim of the presented work was characterization of V. parahamolyticus- specific bacteriophages in relation with their possible use for treatment and prevention of food and waterborne gastroenteritis in humans infected with V.parahaemolyticus. 69 bacteriophages specific to V.parahaemolyticus were isolated from different water sources and 5 of them were characterized according to their virion morphology, host-range, temperature and pH dependence. Stability of phages in different media and solutions, also susceptibility to action of a number of protolithic enzymes was studied as well. Obtained results showed that studied bacteriophages can be used for preparation of phage mixture as a potential therapeutic preparation against V.parahaemolyticus associated infections.

[Antiprogesterone for medical abortion].

The purpose of the research was to evaluate clinical course and efficiency of the method of termination of pregnancy in the first end second trimesters by means of antiprogesterone. 384 women aged 15 to 45 in the first end second trimesters of pregnancy were investigated. 300 women had an early pregnancy (range=2-7 weeks) requesting abortion. All these women first took 600 mg antiprogesterone pencroftone ("Pencroft-Fharma", Russia) and 48 hours later - 400 mkg prostaglandin misoprostol. 84 patients with gestation period ranged from 14 to 22 weeks. Their contractility utterly was caused with 400 mg pencroftone and 48 hours later with 400 mkg prostaglandin misopristol. In the first trimester completed abortion was observed in 96,7%, incomplete abortion in 1,7%; missed abortion in 2,3% cases, continuing pregnancy in 1 case. In the second trimester in the case of therapy with pencroftone and prostaglandin E1 misoprostol the clinical effect was observed in 96,4% cases. Antiprogesterone pencroftone is an effective for medical abortion during I-II trimesters of pregnancy. It is characterized by minimal risk of complications in the course and the post abortion period.

Intrauterine device and pelvic inflammatory disease.

The IUD ML Cu375 was inserted, after bacteriological screening, into 620 women who were observed for 12 months. Bacterioscopy and, when needed, bacteriology of vaginal smears were performed 7 days, and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after insertion. During the 12 months, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) was diagnosed in 4 patients (0.6%) and sexually transmitted disease (STD) in 73 patients (11.8%). Careful selection of patients and bacteriological screening can effectively reduce the risk of bacterial contamination and subsequent development of PID.

Two years of experience with the Multiload Cu375 in Georgia.

This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical performance of the Multiload Cu375 IUD in 157 healthy women, aged 18-38 years, who had regular sexual intercourse and who wished to avoid pregnancy. The period of observation was 2 years. During 24 months, pain and bleeding was noted in 7 patients (4.4%); IUD expulsion was observed in 4 cases (2.5%) and there was only 1 case (0.6%) of pregnancy. Our conclusion is that the Multiload Cu375 is an excellent method of contraception.

The role of echosonography in diagnosing IUD complications.

One hundred and one healthy women with intrauterine devices (IUDs) were studied by echosonography; 46 women had Multiload Cu375 IUD (group I), 30 Ginetik TCu220 IUD (group II) and 25 Lippes loop IUD (group III). In groups I and II echosonography was performed 30 minutes, 30 days and 3 and 6 months following insertion. Group III was investigated only when complications developed. Echosonography showed high accuracy in detecting IUD expulsion or incorrect position, and pregnancy in the IUD wearer.

[Efficacy of the per os immunization and reimmunization of man with staphylococcal anatoxin]. / Effektivnost' immunizatsii i reimmunizatsii liudei per os stafilokokkovym anatoksinom.

By double immunization of 72 persons and single reimmunization of 38 persons per os with tablets containing 100 BU of purified concentrated staphylococcus toxoid (PCST) it was revealed that this immunization was harmless and the immunological response was adequate. The tablets were intended for application through the oral mucosa (oral) or the intestinal tract (enteral); the immunological response depended on the dose of the preparation and the scheme of administration. A high sensitization of healthy persons examined to staphylococcus was found. There was a tendency to reduction of hypersensitivity after the immunization with staphylococcus toxoid (examination in 6 months) and activation of reactions after the antigen administration (examination in 14 days).