[Characteristics of heart rate variability in healthy adolescents and male adults].

The primary purpose of the present article is to investigate the comparative characteristics of heart rate variability in healthy adolescents and male adults. The study was carried out on 41 male adolescents aged 15-16 years and 73 male adults aged 18-22 years. For assessment of heart rate variability statistical data of variability and spectral analysis of heart rate were estimated. Achieved results have proved once again that vegetative balance in healthy individuals is not identical that can be explained by various physiological processes of adolescent age. Such start conditions probably may affect the character of body response to different stimulative impacts. The study suggests that adults tend to have the prevalence of sympatic regular mechanisms whereas in mature age the cases of individuals with the balanced vegetative nervous system in quiescent mode without pathologies are much more frequent.

[Psychopathologic peculiarities in patients with diabetes mellitus and non-proliferative retinopathy].

The aim of the present work was to study clinical course of depression in patients (pts) with diabetes mellitus (DM) and non-proliferative retinopathy (NPR). In total, 250 pts with DM were included into the study, and more separated into 2 groups (Gr): Gr.1 (n=115)--pts with DMT1 and DMT2 without NPR; mean ABP - SBP < or = 130 mmHg/DBP < or = 85 mmHg. Fundus photography grade 10/10. Gr.2 (n=135)--was subdivided in Gr.2a (n=43), pts with DMT1; fundus photography grade from > or = 20/10 to < or = 47/47; mean ABP - SBP < or = 130 mmHg/DBP < or = 85 mmHg; Gr.2b (n=92) pts with DMT2 fundus photography grade from > or = 20/10 to < or = 47/47, mean ABP - SBP < or = 160 mmHg/DBP < or = 90 mmHg. To assess depression severity a 12-question Screening Questionnaire was used, results were compared to Beck's and Hamilton's Depression and Sheehan's Anxiety Scales. According to Sheehan's Scale pts with DMT1 most often complained of profuse sweating (66+/-16%), while in DMT2 more often itching and numbness in different parts of the body (72+/-11%) were registered. According to the Beck's scale the most frequent and acute symptoms were: depressed mood, sadness (100-10%), disappointment about their future (78+/-14%), inferiority feeling (90+/-10%), irritation (89+/-11%), feeling of being unlucky (75+/-15%), decreased working ability (78+/-14%). DMT1 was characterized by light while DMT2 by moderate depression. Thus, depression is one of the most severe DM complications; it has negative effect both on pts compliance and quality of his/her life. When DM is complicated by NPR depression takes the most sever form (psychopathologic symptoms are observed in 85.9% of cases).

[Positive effects of angiotensin [corrected] receptor blockers on the course of microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus].

The aim of the research was to evaluate some clinical and hemodynamic characteristics in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2 (DM type 1 and DM type 2), to diagnose diabetic retinopathy (DR) on early stage of its development for the correction of the disease by treating with angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker (AT I)--Candesartan. Totally 250 patients (pts) with DM type 1 and DM type 2 were studied; they were divided into 3 groups (Gr.): Gr.1 (n=115)--pts with DM and without DR; Gr. 2 (n=43)--pts with DM type 1 and DR; Gr.3 (n=92)--pts with DM type 2 and DR. A comprehensive physical examination was conducted to obtain baseline information about the patient: clinical status, lipid profile, microalbuminuria and urine creatinine, as well as glycemia levels. Patients were treated with Candesartan (16 or 32 mg) or placebo. When necessary, other antihypertensive agents (except ACE-inhibitors) were initiated. Eye fundus monitoring was performed with evaluation of 7,300 standard zone stereoscopic pictures of the retina according to ETDRS (Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study). The results of three year observation revealed no pathologic changes on the retina in normotensive and normoglycemic pts; pts with mild diabetic retinopathy at baseline demonstrated normal levels of ABP and blood glucose which resulted in the regression of the changes. The changes of various severity demonstrated no positive shifts in 96% of cases; DR deterioration (proliferative DR, neovascularisation stage) was observed in 4% of cases. Results of the study showed that Candesartan treatment of pts with DM resulted in positive shifts in the pathologic changes, registered on the retina and decrease in urine albumin excretion rate. Thus, we recommend to include Candesartan in the standard treatment, as the have positive effect on the course microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus both in males and females.

[Basic hemodynamic and vegetative regulatory indices in adolescents-healthy and sick with arterial hypertension].

Basic hemodynamic indices in aged 15-16 practically healthy adolescents do not differ essentially, but in patients with juvenile arterial hypertension is noticed their authentic rise in proper age groups. The correlation of body mass is marked with the basic hemodynamic parameters and likewise the indices of double production depend on systolic pressure and heart rate. In adolescents troubled with juvenile arterial hypertension is noticed intensification of sympathetic link of regulatory mechanisms of vegetative nervous system and unsatisfactory hypersympathetic reaction on orthostatic test which shows the total disbalance of the organism. The latter can be considered as one of the pathologic aspects of development of juvenile arterial hypertension; on the other hand non-invasitive investigation of functional state of vegetative nervous system maybe recommended for inclusion in the project of preventive medical practice to early revealing juvenile arterial hypertension or its predisposition to it.

[Clinical characteristics of juvenile systemic hypertension in the population of Tbilisi].

The goal of the work was to study a prevalence of juvenile systemic hypertension among 15-16 years old adolescents of Tbilisi, its clinical characteristics and several indices of mental capacity. In the result of an analysis of 378 adolescents' blood pressure records only 6 (1.6%) had high normal values and 32 (8,46%) revealed juvenile systemic hypertension. Four youths from 6 with high normal values refused to participate in a further investigation. For this reason the study was continued only in 32 youths with juvenile systemic hypertension. In the contingent noted 6 (18,75%) had overweight, 9 (28,12%) had hereditary predisposition, 15 (46,9%) revealed excessive use of salt, 3 (9,4%) had moderate consumption of alcohol and 7 (21,9%) noted insufficient physical activity. Juvenile systemic hypertension in youth was predominantly asymptomatic, only 9 (28,12%) had mild headache in the evening, 12 (37,5%) had light fatigue and 5 (15,6%) weak dizziness. Fourteen youths noted diminished work-status and being behind in learning process. In the persons with juvenile systemic hypertension diminution of the attention concentration was observed during a fulfilment of a simple sensor and motor task in condition of monotonous work (increment of answers missed up to 13+/-12%). A psycho-emotional loading test has proved the fact of mental capacity lowering within the persons with juvenile systemic hypertension that is expressed in the increment of errors made up to 12+/-3,1% and answers missed up to 11+/-2,3%. Our investigations confirm the reasonability of blood pressure monitoring among adolescents for the early detection of the juvenile systemic hypertension and the conduction of an opportune preventive measures for avoiding of cardiovascular diseases in a mature age.

[Sensory and psychoemotional productivity in the type I diabetes mellitus].

Depressive psychosis with anxiety or without it is the most spread disorder among the patients with diabetes mellitus. According to our investigations the depression was found in 36.6% of cases of patients with the I type diabetes mellitus which affects negatively their mental working ability. Based on the mentioned above we aimed to study a sensory and psychoemotional productivity of patients with the type I diabetes mellitus for their further purposeful treatment. Thirty patients with the type I diabetes mellitus were observed and divided into two groups -- 19 -- without and 11 with a depression. Sensor and motor reaction was studied by means of Landolt's rings in computerized mode. A deterioration of the patients' mental working ability while resolving the simple sensor and motor task is expressed as the increased quantity of missed reactions on the light stimulus and chaotic character of the reaction time histograms that is stipulated by the diminished ability to concentrate attention be carrying out a monotonous work. Psychoemotional test has proved our conclusion drawn by means of sensor-motor task, but the analysis of the reaction time histograms allows suggesting that given contingent of patients fulfill the task of the various conditions of resolving easier then the monotonous one.

[Regulatory mechanisms of young men heart rate during psychoemotional load accompanied by irritation with different sounds].

The goal of our research was to evaluate regulatory mechanisms of young men heart rate during psychoemotional load on the background of sound irritations of different characteristics. The study was a community trial and performed by single blind method on volunteer young men (age 18-22, n=73). As a method of description of heart rate regulation mechanisms, analysis of heart rate variability was selected. Psychoemotional load was studied by Landolt rings. We observed that only high frequency sound irritation increases mistakes and reaction time during psychoemotional load. We conclude that despite of initial status of organism regulation mechanisms, during high frequency sound irritation, quality of psychoemotional functions worsens. Increasing of sympathetic effect in persons with initial sympathetic domination in vegetative nervous system is observed.

[Changes in the interrelationships between the autonomic nervous and cardiovascular systems during different weather and heliogeophysical conditions in patients with myocardial infarct and hypertension]. / Izmenenie vzaimootnoshenii mezhdu vegetativnoi nervnoi i serdechno-sosudistoi sistemami pri razlichnykh pogodnykh i gelio-geofizicheskikh usloviiakh u bol'nykh infarktom miokarda i gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu.

The author attributes the possibility of a substantial cardiovascular damage (complications, myocardial infarctions, fatal accidents) in the population of hypertensive and myocardial infarction patients to a combination of the adverse factors of unstable weather brought in by a magnetic storm and those of emotional stress.