[Synthesis of uracil and theophylline derivatives and study of their effect on glucose transport in rat hepatic cells]. / Sintez proizvodnykh uratsila i teofillina i issledovanie ikh vliianiia na transport gliukozy v kletki pecheni krys.

A series of uracil and theophyllin derivatives were synthesized. 4-Amino-1,3-dimethyl-5-nonanoylaminouracil displayed the most pronounced effect of the in vitro stimulation of the 2-deoxyglucose transport into hepatic rat cells.

[A behavioral and biochemical analysis of the therapeutic effect of sodium oxybutyrate in alcoholic encephalopathy in progeny]. / Povedencheskii i biokhimicheskii analiz terapevticheskogo éffekta natriia oksibutirata pri alkogol'noi éntsefalopatii u potomstva.

The alcoholization of pregnant female rats (5 g/kg) results in a decrease of endogenous ethanol level in their offspring and distant disturbances of the conditioned reflex activities of the young rats deteriorating the formation and preservation of the skill with an emotional positive reinforcement. Sodium gamma-gydroxybutyrate administered in a dose of 50 mg/kg from the 8th to the 20th day of life prevents the above-mentioned disturbances of learning and memory, restores the level of endogenous ethanol, corrects the parameters of lipid and mediator metabolism in the brain and blood changed by prenatal alcoholization.

[L-pyroglutamyl-D-alanine amide normalizes the function of the developing brain damaged by antenatal alcoholization in rats]. / Normalizatsiia amido L-piroglutamil-D-alanina funktsii razvivaiushchegosia mozga, narushennykh antenatal'noi alkogolizatsiei krys.

The effects of the synthetic dipeptide, L-pyroglutamyl-D-alaninamide (LPDA) were studied in the experiments on offspring of alcoholized during the pregnancy (5 g/kg/day) females. This dipeptide, which revealed the nootropic activity in previous experiments, was injected to the pups in dose of 1 mg/kg from 8 to 19 days of life. LPDA was shown to prevent the delayed disturbances of learning in passive avoidance test, of extrapolatory behaviour in escape test, to attenuate the emotional hyperreactivity. LPDA normalized EEG power spectrum, decreased interhemispheric asymmetry. This substance attenuated the disbalance evoked by prenatal alcoholization.

Active immunization against bioregulators: behavioural and catecholamine changes in albino rats immunized against sydnophen.

Active immunization of white rats against the catecholamine analogue, sydnophen, results in physiological changes extending over two months. The levels of noradrenaline in blood, and dopamine in brain, were depressed, some behavioural activities were reduced and alcohol consumption was lowered. On this basis, active immunization against various bioregulators--a method of inverse regulation--shows promise as a method for achieving long-term adjustment of physiological status.

[Effects of sodium oxybutyrate on the level of catecholamines and serotonin and monoamine oxidase activity in patients with alcoholism]. / Vliianie natriia oksibutirata na urovni katekholaminov, serotonina i aktivnost' monoaminoksidazy u bol'nykh alkogolizmom.

Sodium salt of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (Na-GHB) was administered to 37 drug-free alcoholic men in placebo controlled study. The psychotropic effect was evaluated using psychometric scale of 4 ranges. Changes in plasma levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin and platelet MAO-B activity were assessed. The psychotropic effect was observed in 27 (76%) patients. The baseline of dopamine concentration was significantly correlated with the expression of psychotropic effect. Na-GHB decreased dopamine concentration in responders. The possible involvement of dopaminergic system in the realization of psychotropic effect of Na-GHB was discussed.

[Various biochemical indicators in prenatally alcoholized rats]. / Nekotorye biokhimicheskie pokazateli u krys pri antenatal'noi alkogolizatsii.

A number of biochemical parameters have been determined which characterized the state of CNS and the structure of cell membranes in antenatally alcoholized animals. As compared with the control group the alcoholized animals had a significantly increased level of phosphatidyl inositol diphosphate in brain phospholipid fractions, while content of serotonin was reduced in their brain and increased in blood plasma; content of phosphatidyl serine and the cholesterol/phospholipids ratio were reduced in brain.

Production and immunohistochemical characterization of primary cultures of human embryo brain cells.

Primary cultures of human embryo brain cells (9-12 weeks of pregnancy) were obtained. The use of selective substrates (poly-L-lysine, poly-L-ornithine, reconstructed collagen) made it possible to obtain neuron-rich (up to 80%) cultures viable for no less than 30 days. The highest selectivity with respect to neurons was observed when reconstructed collagen was used. Cell types present in the cultures were identified immunohistochemically using antibodies against glial fibrillary acidic protein, galactocerebroside, fibronectin and neurofilaments. The dynamics of cell growth under different cultivation conditions was studied. Cells in culture have been found to preserve the ability to release neurotransmitters (dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin). Such primary cultures can serve as a suitable model for studying human brain biochemistry in vitro.

[Plasma levels of biogenic amines in patients with various forms of the alcohol abstinence syndrome]. / Soderzhanie biogennykh aminov v plazme krovi u bol'nykh s razlichnymi formami alkogol'nogo abstinentnogo sindroma.

Norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) blood plasma levels were measured in 40 alcoholic patients (2nd stage) during overt manifestations of the alcohol abstinence syndrome (AAS). Twenty-five healthy individuals served as controls. The patients were divided into four groups according to the structure of their AAS-related psychopathology and the progress of the disease. In the fast-progressive group with autonomic disorders prevalent in the AAS structure, the excitability, NE and DA levels were elevated. In the group with prevalent asthenic-neurotic and affective disorders, the 5-HT levels were lower than controls. The group with fast-progressive course of the disease and schizoaffective disorders had both the 5-HT and NE levels lowered. The authors discuss the possible impact of the results on perfectioning of the differential AAS therapies.

[Lipid composition of Halobacterium cells and bacteriorhodopsin isolated from them]. / Lipidnyi sostav kletok galobakterii ibakteriorodopsina, vydelennogo iz nikh.

The phospholipids qualitative and quantitative compositions were determined in halobacteria cells and in bacteriorodopsin isolated from them. The phospholipid composition of the cells and bacteriorodopsin is established to be unstable and to depend on the cells cultivation conditions and the culture strain.