ABSTRACT
Both balloon atrial septostomy and static balloon dilation are often ineffective in creating a large atrial septal defect in patients with a thickened atrial septum. In such situations, blade atrial septostomy and atrial septal stenting are alternative treatments. We have devised and performed a new technique, called wire atrial septostomy, which uses a thin soft wire to create a large defect. The details of the procedure are presented.
Subject(s)
Atrial Septum/surgery , Cardiac Catheterization/methods , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/methods , Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/surgery , Atrial Septum/diagnostic imaging , Echocardiography , Fluoroscopy , Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/diagnosis , Humans , Infant , MaleABSTRACT
Eosinophilic myocarditis is rare in children, and consequently, it is difficult to diagnose eosinophilic myocarditis rapidly. We report the clinical course of acute eosinophilic myocarditis with pericarditis in two adolescent boys and their associated electrocardiograms. The two patients, 13- and 14-year-old boys, developed cardiomegaly and chest pain with vomiting. On examination by two-dimensional echocardiography, thickening of the ventricular septum and a pericardial effusion were detected. The eosinophil count had increased by the pericardial effusion. Acute eosinophilic myocarditis often complicates a moderate to severe pericardial effusion owing to acute pericarditis. A cellular fraction analysis of the pericardial effusion is easy and useful for the diagnosis of eosinophilic myocarditis. Some serial changes in the electrocardiogram occur during each stage of acute eosinophilic myocarditis. They are induced by eosinophilic granules, which are capable of inducing tissue damage and dysfunction, and those changes in the electrocardiogram resemble the changes after an acute myocardial infarction. It is important to know the characteristics of eosinophilic myocarditis in order to prevent lethal complications.
Subject(s)
Eosinophilia/diagnosis , Eosinophils/pathology , Myocarditis/diagnosis , Pericardial Effusion/diagnosis , Adolescent , Biopsy , Diagnosis, Differential , Echocardiography , Electrocardiography , Endocardium/pathology , Eosinophilia/complications , Humans , Leukocyte Count , Male , Myocarditis/complications , Myocardium/pathology , Pericardial Effusion/etiology , Radiography, Thoracic , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
We examined whether the analytical method of patulin (a mycotoxin found in fruit juice) developed in Nagano prefecture meets the criteria in the Codex Procedural Manual and Guidelines on Analytical Terminology. The trueness, repeatability, within-laboratory reproducibility and HorRat value were 98.8-103.4%, less than 6.4, 8.1 and 0.4%, respectively, for apple juice and pear juice.Thus, the trueness and precision met the required criteria.
