ABSTRACT
Paurocephala sauteri (Enderlein, 1914) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) is a species of a psyllid distributed in Asia. Mulberry is the only known host for P. sauteri until now. The complete mitogenome of P. sauteri (accession number: MT759765) 14,963 bp in size, including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNAs, and two ribosomal RNAs genes. The base composition of the whole P. sauteri mitogenome is 40.26% for A, 7.86% for G, 34.07% for T, and 11.81% for C, with a high AT bias of 80.33%. The mitochondrial genome of P. sauteri was sequenced and annotated as the first representative of family Paurocephalidae. The present data could contribute to a detailed phylogeographic analysis of this valuable economic insect for further study in differentiating closely related species.
ABSTRACT
The Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription cascade transduction (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway is highly conserved in mammals, but the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and their functions are unclear. We found that the expression pattern of Bombyx mori C-type lectin 5 (BmCTL 5) had a synergy relevance with the JAK/STAT signaling pathway against Beauveria bassiana. An RNAi assay, subcellular localization analysis, yeast two-hybrid technique, protein recruitment experiment and pathogen infection tests were used to explore the roles of BmCTL 5 in the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Knock-down of the BmCTL 5 suppressed the JAK/STAT signaling pathway and the PO cascade of nodule melanization. BmCTL 5 is located in the cytomembrane and interacted with BmHOP both in yeast and B. mori ovary cells N (BmN cells). BmCTL 5 and the JAK/STAT signaling pathway was activated by B. bassiana but only slightly activated by B. mori cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (BmCPV), Nosema bombycis and bacteria LPS. These findings suggest that BmCTL 5 might be an important PRR for the JAK/STAT signaling pathway and may mediate the nodule melanization for fungi infection. These data provide insights into the immune mechanism of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in insects and aid understanding of the mechanism of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway and adaptive immune systems in mammals.
