ABSTRACT
Hansen's disease (HD) belongs to the group of neglected diseases and can cause physical deformities and disabilities, in addition to leading to social discrimination. Ocular involvement in HD is estimated at 70-75% worldwide. About 10-50% suffer from severe ocular symptoms and loss of vision occurs in approximately 5% of cases. Ocular changes may persist or worsen even after patients are considered cured and it is necessary to better understand these conditions in order to determine the need for additional public policies. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of ocular involvement in patients with HD at two specialist referral centers for treatment of the disease. A cross-sectional study was conducted with ophthalmological evaluations of patients with HD from June 2017 to June 2018. Diagnostic ocular findings, corrected visual acuity, and refractive error were described. Findings were correlated with patients' clinical and epidemiological variables. A total of 86 patients were evaluated, with a mean age of 50.1 years, predominantly males (59.3%), and with multibacillary HD (92%). The prevalence of ophthalmologic changes was 100% and the most common were dysfunction of the Meibomian glands (89.5%) and dry eye syndrome (81.4%). Cataracts were observed in 22 patients (25.6%), but best corrected visual acuity was normal or near normal in 84 patients (97.7%) and there were no cases of bilateral blindness. Patients with some degree of physical disability had more ophthalmological alterations, involving both the ocular adnexa (p = 0.03) and the ocular globe (p = 0.04). Ocular involvement is common in patients with Hansen's disease, reinforcing the importance of ophthalmologic examination in the evaluation and follow-up of these patients.
Subject(s)
Dry Eye Syndromes/pathology , Eye Infections, Bacterial/pathology , Leprosy/pathology , Meibomian Glands/pathology , Visual Acuity/physiology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Brazil , Cataract/pathology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Meibomian Glands/microbiology , Middle Aged , Neglected Diseases , Prevalence , Young AdultABSTRACT
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor is rare digestive tract mesenchymal tumor, most often in the wall of the stomach. It is a benign neoplasm, but it can become malignant if not treated. We report a case of gastrointestinal stromal tumor that was discovered after abdominal ultrasonography during staging of a patient with primary cutaneous amelanotic melanoma. Mutation in the tyrosine kinase receptor could explain the development of two types of tumors in the same patient.
Subject(s)
Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors/diagnosis , Melanoma, Amelanotic/diagnosis , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/diagnosis , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Biopsy , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Male , Middle Aged , Tomography, X-RayABSTRACT
Abstract: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor is rare digestive tract mesenchymal tumor, most often in the wall of the stomach. It is a benign neoplasm, but it can become malignant if not treated. We report a case of gastrointestinal stromal tumor that was discovered after abdominal ultrasonography during staging of a patient with primary cutaneous amelanotic melanoma. Mutation in the tyrosine kinase receptor could explain the development of two types of tumors in the same patient.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Melanoma, Amelanotic/diagnosis , Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors/diagnosis , Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/diagnosis , Biopsy , Immunohistochemistry , Tomography, X-RayABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The identification of "normal" dermoscopic patterns of acquired melanocytic nevi provides better diagnostic accuracy for melanoma in people with black skin. OBJECTIVE: We sought to describe melanocytic lesions (numbers and anatomic distributions) in skin types V and VI compared with skin types I and II, according to the Fitzpatrick classification. We sought to identify differences in dermoscopic findings in acquired melanocytic nevi (global pattern, pigment and color distribution) between the groups. METHODS: We conducted cross-sectional, prospective, and consecutive data collection in 2 dermatologic outpatient clinics, between October 8, 2010, and March 20, 2013. From the 501 volunteers, 480 participants fulfilled the eligibility criteria. A total of 460 acquired melanocytic nevi were selected for dermoscopic analysis. RESULTS: Individuals with skin type V/VI had fewer melanocytic lesions than those with skin type I/II (15.08 vs 7.90; P = .032), and the anatomic distribution in the first group was predominantly on the face and acral sites (P < .001). The acquired melanocytic nevi in the skin type V/VI group were associated with the reticular pattern (P < .0001), with a tendency toward central hyperpigmentation (P = .0025). LIMITATIONS: The choice of a single representative nevus per patient is a limitation. CONCLUSIONS: Acquired melanocytic nevi in individuals with skin type V/VI have a distinct dermoscopic pattern from those with skin type I/II.
Subject(s)
Black or African American , Dermoscopy , Melanoma/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Melanoma/classification , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Skin , Skin Neoplasms/classificationABSTRACT
Little is known about the use of dermoscopy in skin grafting. We describe the case of a patient with skin grafting and surrounding pigmentation on acral region. The dermoscopic findings were similar to those of benign acral lesions (lattice-like pattern) and reactive pigmentations (fine striae). Histopathology revealed pigment leakage and increased number of melanocytes. It is believed that this phenomenon occurred as the result of an inflammatory stimulus.
Subject(s)
Fingers/pathology , Hyperpigmentation/pathology , Skin Transplantation , Aged , Biopsy , Cell Count , Dermoscopy , Humans , Male , Melanocytes/pathologyABSTRACT
Little is known about the use of dermoscopy in skin grafting. We describe the case of a patient with skin grafting and surrounding pigmentation on acral region. The dermoscopic findings were similar to those of benign acral lesions (lattice-like pattern) and reactive pigmentations (fine striae). Histopathology revealed pigment leakage and increased number of melanocytes. It is believed that this phenomenon occured as the result of an inflammatory stimulus.
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Fingers/pathology , Hyperpigmentation/pathology , Skin Transplantation , Biopsy , Cell Count , Dermoscopy , Melanocytes/pathologyABSTRACT
A doença de Behçet (DB) é uma vasculite sistêmica, recorrente e crônica com manifestações que incluem úlceras orogenitais, uveíte, sinovite, tromboflebite e sintomas envolvendo o sistema nervoso central, trato gastrointestinal e pulmão. Apresenta etiologia desconhecida e diagnóstico baseado em critérios clínicos. A maioria dos casos apresenta manifestações benignas, no entanto, ocasionalmente cursa com trombose de grandes vasos que podem levar ao óbito. Os autores descrevem um caso peculiar, tanto pela dificuldade diagnóstica quanto pela gravidade das manifestações vasculares, e desfecho letal.
