[Differential diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in adults: assessment of immunogenetic markers of insulin dependence]. / Problemy differentsial'noi diagnostiki sakharnogo diabeta u vzroslykh: otsenka immunogeneticheskikh markerov insulinozavisimosti.

To assess immunogenetic markers of insulin dependence (IMID), 117 patients with diabetes mellitus of the adults (DMA) were examined. Of them, 97 patients (77 females and 20 males, 41 and 10 obese, respectively) were insulin dependent and 20 (8 males and 12 females) had classic diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2. All the analysed immunogenetic markers (genotype SS/SS, alleles 04*, 0301 in HLA-DQ*A2, haplotype A1*0301-B1*0302) were associated most often with insulin-dependent DMA. The following conclusions were made: both DMA variants can be definitely differentiated only by clinico-anamnestic screening; there were no differences in distribution of the alleles 0301 in DQ*A1 and 0302 in DQ*B1 in different variants of DMA; alleles 04* and 0301 DQ*A1 significantly more frequently occur in DM type 1 than DM type 2; 0301 allele was more frequent in patients with insulin-dependent DM type 2 vs DM type 2; an expectant genetic marker of insulin-dependence (haplotype 0301/0302) occurs significantly more frequently in insulin-dependent DMA than in healthy subjects and DM type 2.

[Radionuclide methods in the diagnosis of diabetic nephroangiopathy]. / Radionuklidnye metody v diagnostike diabeticheskoi nefroangiopatii.

A total of 70 and 38 patients with diabetes mellitus were investigated to compare the diagnostic significance of radio-isotope renography (RRG) with 131I-hippuran and a radioimmunoassay with beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-MG) in renal involvement. The first method was shown to be less informative than the beta 2-MG test: at the 1st (prenephrotic) stage of diabetic nephroangiopathy the detectability of glomerular disturbances with the beta 2-MG test was a 2-fold higher and was still growing in the presence of proteinuria. In progressive stages (II and III) of diabetic nephroangiopathy the detectability of glomerular disturbances rose almost twice using both methods but a tendency to the use of the second one was preserved. Dysfunction of the proximal tubules of the kidney was noted only in the patients with progressive diabetic nephroangiography using both methods equally.