ABSTRACT
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a common cancer of the skin. Risk factors include fair skin, excessive sun and ultraviolet light exposure, and history of xeroderma pigmentosa. Perineural invasion (PNI), an uncommon manifestation of SCC, involves microscopic tumor cells invading various layers of the nerve sheath. It is associated with a poorer prognosis. Standard treatment for PNI includes radiation therapy. Here, we describe a case an older gentleman with a history of SCC with PNI successfully treated with erlotinib and intrathecal chemotherapy.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy , Meningeal Carcinomatosis/drug therapy , Peripheral Nerves/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy , Aged , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/secondary , ErbB Receptors/antagonists & inhibitors , Humans , Injections, Spinal , Male , Skin Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
Brain metastases (BMs) are diagnosed in 10%-40% of all patients with cancer, and the incidence continues to increase along with the number of long-term survivors. When BMs occur, they are often associated with a myriad of symptoms, including neurologic dysfunction and functional decline; both are difficult to manage and can be distressing for patients and their caregivers. Although clinically significant findings have not kept up with the rapid pace of scientific breakthroughs in understanding the mechanisms of BMs, novel approaches that affect the prognosis of patients with BMs have been introduced in clinical practice. At a Glance ⢠Screening for brain metastases (BMs) is not routinely performed in patients with no neurologic symptoms. However, screening is indicated in lung cancer and possibly in the context of high-risk cancers. ⢠Individual differences in patients warrant a personalized approach in the management of BMs. ⢠Whole brain radiation therapy and steroids are considered to be the cornerstones of treatment for BMs.
