ABSTRACT
El propósito de esta investigación es comparar las diferencias en las funciones que conforman el Estilo Personal del Terapeuta (EPT), en terapeutas de Uruguay, que poseen distintos grados de experiencia y que adscriben a diferentes orientaciones teórico- técnicas: Psicoanalítica y Cognitiva. Se administró el cuestionario del EPT (EPT-C; Fernández-Álvarez et al., 2003) a 65 terapeutas uruguayos, con una media de edad de 36.5 (DS ± 9.6) y una media de años de experiencia en psicoterapia de 8.6 (DS ± 7.7). En relación a la experiencia, encontramos que no existen diferencias significativas en el EPT entre terapeutas noveles y experimentados. Sí surgen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el EPT de las diferentes perspectivas estudiadas. Los terapeutas que adscriben a la perspectiva cognitiva se describen con una atención focalizada, más próximos en lo expresivo y más pautados en la función operativa que los terapeutas que adhieren a la perspectiva psicoanalítica
The purpose of this research is to compare the differences in the functions that make up the Personal Style of the Therapist (PST), which are present in Uruguayan therapists who have different degrees of experience and who ascribe to different theoretical-technical orientations: Psychoanalytic and Cognitive. The PST questionnaire (EPT-C, Fernández-Álvarez et al., 2003) was applied to 65 Uruguayan therapists, with an average age of 36.5 (SD ± 9.6) and an average experience in psychotherapy of 8.6 years (SD ± 7.7). We found that there are no significant differences in the PST between beginners and experienced therapists regarding their experience. However, there are statistically significant differences in the PST of the different perspectives analyzed. Therapists who ascribe to the cognitive perspective are described with a focused attention, with a closer, expressive and more guided in the operative function than the therapists who adhere to the psychoanalytic perspective
Subject(s)
Humans , Psychotherapists , Patients/psychology , Psychoanalytic Therapy , Uruguay , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Job DescriptionABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to measure the level of physical activity (PA) of the users of an urban park before and after the installation of 2 fitness zones (FZs) and to assess the impact of that intervention on the users' level of PA. METHODS: The System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities method was applied in the urban plaza Liber Seregni in Montevideo (Uruguay): 14 different areas were mapped and then recategorized as fitness (for PAs, including sports), green, and paved zones. Observations were made in the spring (Sep-Oct) of 2011 and 2014, before and after placing 2 FZs. Participation was analyzed by gender, year, mapped areas, and zones, and significant differences were assessed using the χ2 test. RESULTS: In total, 7342 individuals (4091 men and 3251 women) were observed. A greater number of people with intense PA could be seen in the FZ, with significant differences between 2011 (45%) and 2014 (70%; P < .05). CONCLUSION: This is the first longitudinal study on the impact of an intervention to increase the level of PA in public spaces in Uruguay. Higher intensity levels of PA and fewer sedentary people were observed after the installation of the FZ.
Subject(s)
Exercise/physiology , Parks, Recreational/statistics & numerical data , Recreation/physiology , Adult , Female , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Male , UruguayABSTRACT
Anatomical, cognitive and behavioral sex differences are widely recognized in many species. It has been proposed that some of these differences might result from the organizing effects of prenatal sex steroids. In humans, males usually exhibit higher levels of physical aggression and prowess. In this study, we analyze the relationship between second-to-fourth digit (2D:4D) ratios-a proxy for prenatal androgen levels-and foul play and sporting performance in a sample of junior soccer players from a professional Uruguayan soccer club. Our results show that the most aggressive players (i.e., those awarded one or more red cards) have a more masculine finger pattern (lower 2D:4D ratio), while no relationship could be found between sporting performance and 2D:4D ratios. The results are discussed in the context of previous findings. Aggr. Behav. 42:417-426, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
