ABSTRACT
Pleural effusion is rare during neonatal period with an estimated prevalence of 0.06%. It may sometimes uncommonly be secondary to pulmonary sequestration. Besides common conditions like hydrops fetalis, congenital heart disease, congenital chylothorax, chromosomal abnormalities; pulmonary sequestration should also be considered while evaluating the cause for neonatal pleural effusion.
ABSTRACT
Anti-glomerular basement membrane disease is an extremely uncommon entity in children. It has an incidence of 0.5 to 1 per million per year in adults and is even more uncommon in children. It occurs due to autoantibody against glomerular basement membrane collagen and is characterized by rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis with or without pulmonary hemorrhage. As the literature on anti-glomerular basement membrane disease is limited from our part of the world, it is important to consider it as the rare cause of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis as early intervention improves prognosis. We report a case of a 10-year-old male who initially presented with glomerulonephritis and later was diagnosed with anti-glomerular basement membrane disease. Keywords: basement membrane; case reports; glomerulonephritis; kidney.
Subject(s)
Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease , Glomerulonephritis , Male , Adult , Child , Humans , Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease/complications , Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease/diagnosis , Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease/therapy , Glomerulonephritis/diagnosis , Glomerulonephritis/etiology , Kidney , Prognosis , AutoantibodiesABSTRACT
Breast milk alone is a poor and inadequate source of vitamin D. Many guidelines suggest supplementation of vitamin D to the newborns to prevent vitamin D deficiency. However, due to practices of outdoor breastfeeding and sunbathing, vitamin D supplementation may not be routinely required in our settings. Overzealous use of vitamin D supplementation and over-the-counter prescription may result in hypervitaminosis D.
ABSTRACT
Glycogen storage diseases (GSDs) are rare autosomal disorders that result from defects in glycogen metabolism. There are more than 12 types, each with distinct clinical features. Clinical scenario, biochemical abnormalities are useful for suspicion whereas liver biopsy and enzyme assay provides definite diagnosis. We report a case of two sisters with similar clinical symptoms suggestive of the disease.
ABSTRACT
Metronidazole belongs to the nitroimidazole group of antibiotics. It is used for the treatment of anaerobic and protozoal organisms. Its common side effects are nausea, vomiting, headache, and abdominal pain. Urine discolouration is one of the rare side effects of metronidazole. We report a case of 4-years-old male, a known case of Steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome; Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis type who developed reddish discolouration of urine following the introduction of oral metronidazole which reverted back to its usual colour within 24 hours of discontinuing metronidazole. With no evidence of other possible causes, urine discolouration was linked with the use of metronidazole. Urine discoloration as a side effect of metronidazole is rarely reported in the literature. This case report of the rare adverse effects of the commonly used drug can be of importance in the scientific community. Urine discolouration could be considered a side effect of metronidazole when there is no other obvious cause. Keywords: flagyl; hematuria; metronidazole; side effects of drugs.
