Molecular Microbiological Characteristics of Gingival Pockets in the Periodontal Diseases of Dogs.

Introduction: Canine periodontitis results among other factors from a disturbed balance of dental plaque microflora and an inadequate host inflammatory response to a stimulus. This investigation sought to identify microorganisms associated with canine periodontitis. Material and Methods: Microbiological analysis was undertaken of gingival pockets in an experimental group of 36 dogs with periodontal diseases. Swabs were collected with the use of Pet Test (MIP Pharma, Berlin, Germany) from patients with gingival pockets deeper than 5 mm. Samples were aggregated and placed in separate shipping containers with the Pet Test kit. Results: Identification was made of the most common microorganisms, e.g. Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Prevotella intermedia. The red complex constituted the largest proportion of all analysed organisms (84.26%). Capnocytophaga gingivalis was isolated from 33 dogs, Peptostreptococcus micros from 32 dogs, Fusobacterium nucleatum from 29 animals and P. intermedia from 20. Conclusion: The highest percentage of pathogens was supplied by P. gingivalis (61%). It is thought that dogs acquire them by means of cross-species transmission. The inter-study variability of results may depend not only on the method of periopathogen detection, but also on environmental factors, host immune status or genetic background. Depending on the state of periodontal disease, patients show varied microbiological profiles of the gingival pockets.

Brief Review of Endometriosis and the Role of Trace Elements.

Endometriosis is a chronic, estrogen-dependent, inflammatory condition that is defined as the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity. Despite the progress in research into the mechanisms leading to the development of endometriosis, its cause has not yet been established. It seems to be possible that the formation of oxidative stress may be one of the main causes of the development of endometriosis. There is much research that studies the potential role of trace elements in the appearance of endometrial-like lesions. Most studies focus on assessing the content of selected trace elements in the blood, urine, or peritoneal fluid in women with endometriosis. Meanwhile, little is known about the content of these elements in endometrial-like implants, which may be helpful in developing the theory of endometriosis. Investigations that are more comprehensive are needed to confirm a hypothesis that some trace elements play a role in the pathomechanism of endometriosis.

Analysis of marginal integrity in dentistry composite fillings with flow layer under compression test.

Currently, composite materials dominate among the restorative materials used for direct aesthetic filling. Reinforcement of composites with glass fibers allows for the transfer of greater loads and better durability between the tooth tissue and the filling polymer. New approach to bonding liquid materials with composite with glass fillers is to introduce an additional protective barrier to load a higher force that is, compression test. So, the aim of the study was to analyze the structure of composite fillings, their integrity with tooth tissues and evaluation on the influence of the liquid composite layer on the strength of strength in the compression test. Moreover, the influence of thermal shocks on the bonding with the tooth tissues in the compression test was investigated. According to the results obtained in current research, using the flow composite as a combination with the fiber composite leads to a significant increase in mechanical properties, particularly in the compression test. HIGHLIGHTS: If flow-type composite fluid material are, the greater is strength of composite fillings. Glass fibers composite increase the mechanical strength.

The state of the oral health in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Over 3 mln people in Poland suffer from diabetes out of which 1/3 are undiagnosed. Diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by the chronic hyperglycaemia resulting from disturbances in insulin secretion and tissue resistance to its action. The most serious clinical problem in the diabetics is periodontal disease since hyperglycaemia influences the disturbance of the immune response and increases the number of periopathogens. AIM: The aim of the study was an assessment of the oral health in patients with type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in the group of 450 people who reported to the selected specialist medical centers at the Rural Medicine Institute. Adult patients from Lublin macroregion were referred to the Department. 153 people among the studied were Diabetic Clinic patients with type 2 diabetes The assessment of the oral health was carried out on the basis of clinical examination included DMFt - the number of teeth with decay (D), the number of teeth removed because of tooth decay (M) or filled (F), index and masticatory function loss index (t). The results are summarized in tables and subjected to statistical analysis. A non- parametric Kruskall-Wallis test was used. RESULTS: In the group up to 34 years of age the number of extracted teeth was higher in healthy people. The index of masticatory function loss below 100% was higher in the diabetic patients. CONCLUSIONS: Diabetic outpatient clinic patients should receive special dental care and frequent check-ups.

Condition of mineralized tooth tissue in a population of 15-year-old adolescents living in a region of Ukraine with slightly exceeded fluorine concentration in the water.

INTRODUCTION: Fluorine is a common element in nature; however, the difference between a beneficial dose and a toxic dose for the organisms is small. The main source of fluoride for humans is water in addition to food. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to estimate the degree of severity of pathological changes, namely, caries or fluorosis, in the mineralized tooth tissue of 15-year-old adolescents with respect to their hygienic and nutritional habits, and the content of fluorine in drinking water, soil and plant products. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 100 adolescents aged 15 from schools in Sosnilka, L'viv region, were examined. The condition of mineralized tooth tissue was evaluated by the caries severity, expressed by the mean number D3MFT, caries frequency and value of the SIC index. Fluorine in plant material and soil were determined according to the PN-G-04543:1982 standard, and water according to the PN-EN ISO 10304 - 1: 2009+ AC: 2012 standard. RESULTS: Severity of caries disease expressed by the D3MFT number in the examined group of 15-year-olds was 3.39; in the group of girls - 3.08, and in the group of boys - 3.76. In the examined group, the average number of teeth with fluorosis was 7.59. Value of the SIC index among the examined population of students (n-31) was 6.26: 5.89 (n-18) for girls and 7.31 (n-13) for boys. Fluorine concentration in the water was 0.78 - 1.25(mg·dm-3). In the soil, it also did not vary across the sampled areas and amounted, on average, to 176 mg·dm-3. The biggest fluorine content noted in the dry mass of beetroots was 3.50 (mg F· kg), and the lowest - 3.34 (mg F· kg). CONCLUSIONS: Close to optimal fluorine content lowers caries severity and frequency of fluorosis. Optimal fluorine content in drinking water and food does not require additional diet supplementation.