ABSTRACT
The size of the eyeball has been the subject of a few studies. None of them used stereological methods to estimate the volume. In the current study, we estimated the volume of eyeball in normal men and women using the stereological methods. Eyeball volume (EV) was estimated using the Cavalieri principle as a combination of point-counting and planimetry techniques. We used computed tomography scans taken from 36 participants (15 men and 21 women) to estimate the EV. The mean (SD) EV values obtained by planimetry method were 7.49 (0.79) and 7.06 (0.85) cm in men and women, respectively. By using point-counting method, the mean (SD) values were 7.48 (0.85) and 7.21 (0.84) cm in men and women, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the findings from the 2 methods (P > 0.05). A weak correlation was found between the axial length of eyeball and the EV estimated by point counting and planimetry (P < 0.05, r = 0.494 and r = 0.523, respectively). The findings of the current study using the stereological methods could provide data for the evaluation of normal and pathologic volumes of the eyeball.
Subject(s)
Eye/anatomy & histology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Adult , Algorithms , Cephalometry/methods , Female , Humans , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods , Male , Middle Aged , Organ Size , Sex FactorsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of sildenafil citrate treatment on visual field analysis (VFA) in patients using sildenafil citrate for erectile dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective study on 18 male volunteers with erectile dysfunction, bilateral VFA was performed using the Humphrey 30-2 central standard threshold test. White-on-white (W/W) and blue-on-yellow (B/Y) protocols were used prior to treatment (baseline VFA) and after treatment (repeat VFA) with sildenafil citrate. W/W and B/Y baseline VFA and repeat VFA mean deviations (MD) were compared. RESULTS: The baseline MD for W/W and B/Y protocols were -1.34 +/- 1.8 and -2.59 +/- 2.1 dB, respectively, whereas the mean repeat MD for W/W and B/Y protocols were -1.79 +/- 2.21 and -2.83 +/- 3.31 dB, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between W/W and B/Y baseline and repeat VFA with respect to MD (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Sildenafil citrate causes no significant changes in Humphrey VFA in patients with erectile dysfunction.