Trypanoxyuris (Trypanoxyuris) minutus (Schneider, 1866) among Alouatta guariba clamitans (Cabrera, 1940) in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

This study reports on infection by Trypanoxyuris (Trypanoxyuris) minutus among Alouatta guariba clamitans through biometry on adults and eggs. A total of 58 adult helminths were recovered from the small segment of the animal's large intestine. This study is the first report of this parasite among A. guariba clamitans in Rio de Janeiro.

Avaliação da frequência de Balantidium coli em suínos, tratadores de suínos e primatas não humanos no estado do Rio de Janeiro / Balantidium coli: frequency evaluation in pig, pig handlers and nonhuman primate in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Este trabalho relata a frequência de Balantidium coli nos tratadores de suínos e primatas não humanos que trabalham em criatórios localizados em distintos municípios do estado do Rio de Janeiro. No período de 2012 a 2014, foram coletadas 104 amostras fecais de 52 tratadores, 790 amostras fecais de suínos e 1.115 de primatas não humanos. Todas as amostras foram coletadas sem conservante químico, sendo submetidas às técnicas de Faust et al., Sheather modificada, Ritchie modificada, Lutz e exame direto. Formas evolutivas de B. coli não foram detectadas nas amostras fecais dos tratadores, porém foram evidenciadas em 49,2% dos suínos e em 41,5% do material fecal dos símios. A ausência da balantidiose em humanos, embora estivessem em contato próximo com animais parasitados, como foi demonstrado neste estudo, pode ter ocorrido em virtude da adoção de adequadas medidas higiênico-sanitárias na manipulação desses animais ou graças à resistência humana à infecção por esse protozoário.

Isolation and maintenance of Balantidium coli (Malmsteim, 1857) cultured from fecal samples of pigs and non-human primates.

Balantidium coli is a protozoa that can determine dysentery in humans, pigs and non-human primates having zoonotic potential. The lack of standardization in isolation and maintenance hinders the development of research on its biology and epidemiology. This study is aimed to standardize the isolation and maintenance of this parasite from animal feces, in culture medium, Pavlova modified. From 2012 to 2014, 1905 fecal samples were collected from captive animals of Rio de Janeiro. Were selected for isolation samples with a minimum of 10 trophozoites and/or 30 cysts of B. coli, totaling 88 pigs, 26 Cynomolgus and 90 rhesus macaques. In the presence of cysts, the sample was homogenized in saline solution, 500 µL was removed and inoculated into culture medium. The material that contained trophozoites the inoculum was made from 240 µL of fecal solution. All inoculate tubes with the subcultures were kept at 36°C, and sterile rice starch was always added to the medium. The parasites isolate from pigs, 34%, and from Cynomolgus 38.4% were maintained in vitro for a period of more than 24 months. These procedures proved to be adequate for isolation and maintenance of B. coli from different animals, they were found to be inexpensive and easy to perform.

Balantidium coli and other gastrointestinal parasites in captives non-human primates of the Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Parasites are agents of diarrhea in captive non-human primates (NHP). To broaden information about those etiological agents in captive animals in Brazil, gastrointestinal parasites in captive NHP were researched in nurturing Centers of Rio de Janeiro State. METHODS: Fecal samples were collected from primates, of which 960 came from the Research Center (Cecal/Fiocruz) and 115 from the Primate Center (CPRJ/Inea). The study involved species of the New World (NW) primates and of the Old World (OW). RESULTS: The estimated prevalence was 56.7%, of which 91.3% presented protozoans and 7.4% presented helminths. Statistical difference between the nurturing centers occurred in the overall value of parasitosis and in the isolated frequency of Balantidium coli and Entamoeba sp., especially in the samples of OW primates living in Cecal. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrated the need for implements of sanitation programs in the sites for captive primates nurturing.

[Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis in naturally infected dogs]. / Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis em cães naturalmente infectados.

Eight dogs from Maricá Municipality (RJ), with suggestive lesion of American tegumentary leishmaniasis were studied by parasitological and serological methods. Leishmania spp was found in six dogs by in vitro cultivation. Specific antibodies were detected in six dogs by ELISA and in two by indirect immunofluorescence. Five canine isolates were found to belong to the same zymodeme as Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. The authors suggest that clinically suspect dogs should be followed-up in an attempt to confirm the diagnostic of canine tegumentary leishmaniasis.

Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis em cäes naturalmente infectados / Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis in naturally infected dogs

Foram estudados oito cäes provenientes do Município de Maricá (RJ), com lesöes sugestivas de leishmaniose tegumentar americana por métodos parasitológicos e sorológicos. Leishmania spp foi encontrada em seis cäes através do cultivo in vitro. Anticorpos específicos foram detectados em seis animais pelo ELISA e em dois pela imunofluorescência indireta. Cinco isolados caninos analisados apresentaram zimodema similar a Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. Sugere-se que cäes clinicamente suspeitos sejam acompanhados periodicamente, na tentativa de confirmar o diagnóstico da leishmaniose tegumentar canina