ABSTRACT
A gram-positive bacterium, strain K-540B(T), which was separated from a mixed culture isolated from compost, was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain K-540B(T) was found to have 95.5%-98.7% sequence similarity with the genus Leucobacter based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analyis. Phenotypic and chemical properties of strain K-540B(T) were consistent with its classification in the genus Leucobacter. The major quinone system compound was MK-11 and major fatty acids were anteiso-C(15:0) and iso-C(16:0). Polar lipids included phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 64.9 mol%. The cell wall peptidoglycan contained diaminobutyric acid and γ-aminobutyric acid. DNA-DNA hybridization results and physiological tests genotypically and phenotypically differentiated strain K-540B(T) from other Leucobacter species. Based on these results, strain K-540B(T) (=NBRC 106062(T)=DSM 22850(T)), for which the name Leucobacter exalbidus sp. nov. is proposed, represents a novel species of the genus Leucobacter.
Subject(s)
Actinomycetales/classification , Bacterial Typing Techniques/methods , DNA, Bacterial , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Soil Microbiology , Actinomycetales/chemistry , Actinomycetales/genetics , Actinomycetales/isolation & purification , Base Sequence , DNA, Bacterial/chemistry , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry , DNA, Ribosomal/genetics , Lipids/biosynthesis , Molecular Sequence Data , Phenotype , Phylogeny , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
A Gram-positive, non-motile, coccoid- to rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacterium, designated strain YM18-15(T), was isolated from sea sand and studied using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Strain YM18-15(T) grew under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The cell-wall peptidoglycan type was A4ß and ornithine was the diagnostic diamino acid. The polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and an unknown phospholipid, MK-8(H(4)) was the major menaquinone and the predominant fatty acids were anteiso-C(15â:â0) and C(16â:â0). The DNA G+C content was 74.2 mol%. High 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities (96.3-97.3â%) were found with the sequences of the type strains of the three genera of the family Beutenbergiaceae. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain YM18-15(T) formed a clade with Serinibacter salmoneus, Salana multivorans and Beutenbergia cavernae. Strain YM18-15(T) differed from these three type strains in chemotaxonomic characteristics and in 16S rRNA gene signature nucleotides. Based on genetic and chemotaxonomic evidence, it is suggested that strain YM18-15(T) represents a novel species of a new genus within the family Beutenbergiaceae, for which the name Miniimonas arenae gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is YM18-15(T) (=NBRC 106267(T)=KCTC 19750(T)=MBIC 08348(T)).
Subject(s)
Actinomycetales/classification , Actinomycetales/isolation & purification , Silicon Dioxide , Soil Microbiology , Actinomycetales/genetics , Actinomycetales/physiology , Aerobiosis , Anaerobiosis , Base Composition , Cell Wall/chemistry , Cluster Analysis , DNA, Bacterial/chemistry , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry , DNA, Ribosomal/genetics , Fatty Acids/analysis , Molecular Sequence Data , Peptidoglycan/analysis , Phospholipids/analysis , Phylogeny , Quinones/analysis , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
Three Gram-stain-positive actinobacterial strains, designated YM24-125(T), YM05-1041(T) and YM12-102(T), were isolated from marine environments. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that they belonged to the suborder Micrococcineae and were most closely related to members of the genus Demequina with 95.0-98.4 % sequence similarities. Cells of strains YM05-1041(T) and YM12-102(T) were rod-shaped, similar to members of the genus Demequina, while cells of strain YM24-125(T) were cocci to short ovoid rods. All strains grew in the absence of NaCl, but tolerated up to 15 % NaCl. The major menaquinone was demethylmenaquinone DMK-9 (H(4)) and the major polar lipids were phosphatidylinositol, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidyglycerol. All strains contained straight-chain, iso-branched and anteiso-branched saturated fatty acids. The DNA G+C contents were 65.3-67.3 mol%. The peptidoglycans of strains YM05-1041(T) and YM12-102(T) were the A4ß type with ornithine while that of strain YM24-125(T) contained ornithine and lysine as diamino acids. Phylogenetic analyses and differences in physiological and biochemical characteristics indicated that these three isolates represent novel species within the genus Demequina, for which the names Demequina globuliformis sp. nov. (with YM24-125(T) â=âNBRC 106266(T) â=âKCTC 19747(T) â=âMBIC 08349(T) as the type strain), Demequina oxidasica sp. nov. (with YM05-1041(T) â=âNBRC 106264(T) â=âKCTC 19746(T) â=âMBIC 08346(T) as the type strain) and Demequina aurantiaca sp. nov. (with YM12-102(T) â=âNBRC 106265(T) â=âKCTC 19745(T) â=âMBIC 08347(T) as the type strain) are proposed. Based on differences in the quinone system, the presence of demethylmenaquinone DMK-9(H(4)) and the pattern of 16S rRNA signatures, the three novel strains and current members of the genus Demequina represent a unique family within the suborder Micrococcineae. Therefore, the family Demequinaceae fam. nov. is also proposed.
