A Taxonomic study of two species of Thiotricha Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), from southwestern Japan, with notes on the biology of their immature stages.

The taxonomy and biology of the immature stages of two gelechiid species of Thiotricha Meyrick, 1886, found in the southeastern part of the Sino-Japanese region is presented. Thiotricha lumnitzeriella Kyaw, Ueda Hirowatari sp. nov., from islands in southwestern Japan is described. The larva of this species feeds as a portable case maker on Lumnitzera racemosa Willd. (Combretaceae). Thiotricha gemmulans Meyrick, 1931 originally described from India is newly recorded from Japan, mainland China, and Thailand. This species feeds as a portable case maker on Glochidion zeylanicum var. lanceolatum (Hayata) and G. zeylanicum var. zeylanicum (Gaertn.) A. Juss (Phyllanthaceae). Thiotricha acrophantis Meyrick, 1936 is newly synonymized with T. gemmulans. Images of the adults of Thiotricha lumnitzeriella sp. nov. and T. gemmulans including genitalia, and images and illustrations of the larval chaetotaxy and pupa for both species are provided. Larval feeding habits are described in detail.

Profiling of lipid and glycogen accumulations under different growth conditions in the sulfothermophilic red alga Galdieria sulphuraria.

The unicellular red alga Galdieria sulphuraria grows efficiently and produces a large amount of biomass in acidic conditions at high temperatures. It has great potential to produce biofuels and other beneficial compounds without becoming contaminated with other organisms. In G. sulphuraria, biomass measurements and glycogen and lipid analyses demonstrated that the amounts and compositions of glycogen and lipids differed when cells were grown under autotrophic, mixotrophic, and heterotrophic conditions. Maximum biomass production was obtained in the mixotrophic culture. High amounts of glycogen were obtained in the mixotrophic cultures, while the amounts of neutral lipids were similar between mixotrophic and heterotrophic cultures. The amounts of neutral lipids were highest in red algae, including thermophiles. Glycogen structure and fatty acids compositions largely depended on the growth conditions.

Simultaneous integrated boost technique by helical tomotherapy for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme with 11C-methionine PET: report of three cases.

We performed hypofractionated high-dose irradiation of a patient's residual glioblastoma multiforme using a simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) technique with helical tomotherapy system (HT) planning. The gross tumor volume (GTV)-1 was defined as the area of intensive (11)C-methionine (MET) uptake and GTV-2 was defined as the area of moderate MET uptake. The planning target volume (PTV)-1 encompassed GTV-1 plus a 5 mm margin, and PTV-2 encompassed GTV-2 plus a 2 mm margin. SIB with HT was performed in eight fractions, planning the dose for GTV-1 at 68 Gy (biologically effective dose: BED = 126 Gy), PTV-1 at 56 Gy (BED = 95 Gy), and PTV-2 at 40 Gy (BED = 60 Gy). In each of the target areas, the uptake value on (11)C-methionine positron emission tomography (MET-PET) was considerably decreased following SIB, although no remarkable changes were demonstrated on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These cases demonstrate that SIB with HT planning using MET-PET offers excellent target coverage and uniformity. In addition, SIB with HT planning using MET-PET is organ sparing and MET-PET has great efficacy for monitoring treatment response after SIB. To more clearly define the impact of SIB with HT planning using MET-PET, further investigations are required.

Usefulness of radial contrast-enhanced computed tomography for the diagnosis of acetabular labrum injury.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of radial contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of acetabular labrum injury. METHODS: We studied 21 hip joints in 21 patients (8 joints in 8 male patients and 13 joints in 13 female patients), aged between 16 and 81 years (mean, 43 years) at examination, who underwent both radial contrast-enhanced CT and hip arthroscopy. Plain radiography showed no abnormalities in the bone and joint in 19 joints and acetabular dysplasia in 2 joints. When we performed radial contrast-enhanced CT, a mixture of 5 mL of 2% lidocaine chloride and 10 mL of 64% iotrolan was injected intra-articularly under x-ray fluoroscopy. CT was conducted with a 4-slice multidetector CT system operated at a voltage of 120 kilovolt peak, current of 300 mA, collimation beam of 2 mm, field of view of 320 mm, slice thickness of 0.5 mm, table speed of 44 mm/s, and helical pitch of 5.5. Images were reconstructed by computer software for radial slices at 15 degrees intervals perpendicular to the labral rim. The mean interval between the CT scan and arthroscopy was 13.2 days. RESULTS: By contrast-enhanced CT, acetabular labrum tears were observed in 12 joints, loss of acetabular labrum was found in 1 joint, and no abnormalities were present in 8 joints. By arthroscopy, acetabular labrum tears were observed in 13 joints, loss of acetabular labrum was found in 1 joint, and no abnormalities were present in 7 joints. When the results of the 2 methods were compared, 12 joints had true-positive findings, 8 joints had true-negative findings, and 1 joint had a false-negative finding. Therefore contrast-enhanced CT had a sensitivity of 92.3%, specificity of 100%, and accuracy of 95.2%. CONCLUSIONS: The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of radial contrast-enhanced CT for the diagnosis of acetabular labrum injury are 92.3%, 100%, and 95.2%, respectively. We recommend radial contrast-enhanced CT for the diagnosis of acetabular labrum injury in patients in whom magnetic resonance imaging is contraindicated. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, diagnostic study.

[A case of a bacterial brain abscess presenting as symptoms of 'sudden stroke-like' onset].

We report a case of a bacterial brain abscess presenting symptoms of 'sudden stroke-like' onset, associated with infective endocarditis. A 59-year-old woman experienced a sudden stroke-like onset of left hemiplegia. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed on the day of ictus. No lesion responsible for the symptom was seen on either CT or a T2 weighted image (T2WI), but a diffusion-weighted image (DWI) revealed focal increased signal intensity in the right frontal lobe. An initial diagnosis of acute embolic infarction associated with infective endocarditis was made. Although the patient's neurological state had been stable, motor paresis of her left extremities became worse starting one month after her admission. MRI with gadolinium-diethylenetriaminepenta-acid (Gd-DTPA) at 37 days after admission showed an irregular-shaped ring-enhancement lesion located at the same place as the initial infarction, and in the left frontal lobe. Surgical drainage of the lesion in the right frontal lobe was performed, and diagnosed as a bacterial abscess. The exact mechanism of a bacterial brain abscess presenting with 'sudden stroke-like' onset is unknown, but various hypotheses have been proposed. One is that paroxysmal septic emboli lead to abscess formation within or near the area of embolic infarction. Our case showed that the creation of a brain abscess followed embolic strokes, and that this hypothesis was demonstrated by MRI carried out on the day of ictus.