Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 21
Filter
Add more filters










Publication year range
1.
J Dent Res ; 103(7): 697-704, 2024 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38752325

ABSTRACT

We aimed to evaluate the impact of 2 visual diagnostic strategies for assessing secondary caries and managing permanent posterior restorations on long-term survival. We conducted a diagnostic cluster-randomized clinical trial with 2 parallel groups using different diagnostic strategies: (C+AS) based on caries assessment, marginal adaptation, and marginal staining aspects of the FDI (World Dental Federation) criteria and (C) based on caries assessment using the Caries Associated with Restorations or Sealants (CARS) criteria described by the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). The treatment for the restoration was conducted based on the decision made following the allocated diagnostic strategy. The restorations were then clinically reevaluated for up to 71 mo. The primary outcome was restoration failure (including tooth-level failure: pain, endodontic treatment, and extraction). Cox regression analyses with shared frailty were conducted in the intention-to-treat population, and hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were derived. We included 727 restorations from 185 participants and reassessed 502 (69.1%) restorations during follow-up. The evaluations occurred between 6 and 71 mo. At baseline, C led to almost 4 times fewer interventions compared with the C+AS strategy. A total of 371 restorations were assessed in the C group, from which 31 (8.4%) were repaired or replaced. In contrast, the C+AS group had 356 restorations assessed, from which 113 (31.7%) were repaired or replaced. During follow-up, 34 (9.2%) failures were detected in the restorations allocated to the C group and 30 (8.4%) allocated to the C+AS group in the intention-to-treat population, with no significant difference between the groups (HR = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.51 to 1.38; P = 0.435, C+AS as reference). In conclusion, a diagnostic strategy focusing on marginal defects results in more initial interventions but does not improve longevity over the caries-focused strategy, suggesting the need for more conservative approaches.


Subject(s)
Dental Caries , Dental Restoration Failure , Dental Restoration, Permanent , Humans , Dental Restoration, Permanent/methods , Dental Caries/therapy , Dental Caries/diagnosis , Female , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Dental Marginal Adaptation
7.
Cell Death Differ ; 16(12): 1615-21, 2009 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19644511

ABSTRACT

Detachment of adherent epithelial cells from the extracellular matrix induces apoptosis, a process known as anoikis. We have shown that DAP3 is critical for anoikis induction. However, the mechanism for anoikis induction mediated by DAP3 is still unclear. Here, we show that interferon-beta promoter stimulator 1 (IPS-1) binds DAP3 and induces anoikis by caspase activation. Recently, IPS-1 has been shown to be critical for antiviral immune responses, although there has been no report of its function in apoptosis induction. We show that overexpression of IPS-1 induces apoptosis by activation of caspase-3, -8, and -9. In addition, IPS-1 knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts were shown to be resistant to anoikis. Interestingly, IPS-1 expression, recruitment of caspase-8 to IPS-1, and caspase-8 activation were induced after cell detachment. Furthermore, DAP3-mediated anoikis induction was inhibited by knockdown of IPS-1 expression. Therefore, we elucidated a novel function of IPS-1 for anoikis induction by caspase-8 activation.


Subject(s)
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism , Anoikis , Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/metabolism , Caspase 8/metabolism , Ribosomal Proteins/metabolism , Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics , Animals , Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/genetics , Cell Line , Enzyme Activation , Humans , Mice , Protein Binding , RNA, Small Interfering/genetics , RNA-Binding Proteins , Ribosomal Proteins/genetics
8.
Eur Phys J E Soft Matter ; 25(4): 431-8, 2008 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18421417

ABSTRACT

Vibrated powders exhibit striking phenomena: subharmonic waves, oscillons, convection, heaping, and even bubbling. We demonstrate novel rectangular profile subharmonic waves for vibrated granular material, that occur uniquely in the two-phase case of grains, and a fluid, such as air. These waves differ substantially from those for the gas-free case, exhibit different dispersion relations, and occur for specific shaking parameters and air pressure, understandable with gas-particle flow models. These waves occur when the gas diffusively penetrates the granular layer in a time comparable to the shaker period. As the pressure is lowered towards P =0, the granular-gas system exhibits a Knudsen regime. This instability provides an opportunity to quantitatively test models of two-phase flow.


Subject(s)
Air , Gases , Models, Theoretical , Radiation , Diffusion , Time Factors , Vibration
9.
Osteoarthritis Cartilage ; 16(7): 787-95, 2008 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18289887

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: CCN family 2/connective tissue growth factor (CCN2/CTGF) is an atypical growth factor for growth plate chondrocytes. It plays an important role in their proliferation and differentiation in vitro, but does not stimulate hypertrophy or calcification of articular chondrocytes. We herein report for the first time that CCN2/CTGF promotes growth and differentiation of auricular chondrocytes and maintains their molecular phenotype in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: Auricular chondrocytes were isolated from rabbit auricular cartilage by trypsin-collagenase treatment, and treated with human recombinant CCN2/CTGF or infected with adenovirus harboring the ccn2/ctgf gene. Cell proliferation was measured by [(3)H] thymidine incorporation and MTS assay, and changes in gene expression of auricular chondrocyte markers were monitored by real-time polymerase chain reaction, Northern hybridization, and histological analysis. For in vivo studies, auricular chondrocytes were cultured as pellets and implanted subcutaneously after treatment of recombinant human CCN2/CTGF. Ectopically formed cartilage was subjected to histological analysis. Cell death was monitored by in situ TUNEL analysis. RESULTS: CCN2/CTGF stimulated proliferation, differentiation and synthesis of elastin and proteoglycans of rabbit primary auricular chondrocytes in a dose-dependent manner. CCN2/CTGF caused a 2.5-fold increase in the expression of elastin in comparison to the control, resulting in enhanced deposition of elastin fibers in a monolayer culture of auricular chondrocytes. Mineralization was not induced; in contrast, CCN2/CTGF stimulated expression of matrix gla protein which is known to impair mineralization. Furthermore, pretreatment of pellets of auricular chondrocytes with CCN2/CTGF and subcutaneous implantation significantly enhanced the growth of ectopic auricular cartilage pieces expressing phenotypic markers of auricular chondrocytes including type II and X collagen. Notably, chondrocyte apoptosis was impaired by CCN2/CTGF. CONCLUSIONS: These findings show that CCN2/CTGF may be a suitable agent for promoting differentiation and growth of auricular chondrocytes, while preventing mineralization and apoptosis, and suggests that CCN2/CTGF may be useful for the repair or reconstruction of elastic cartilage.


Subject(s)
Chondrocytes/drug effects , Connective Tissue Growth Factor/pharmacology , Ear Cartilage/drug effects , Animals , Apoptosis/drug effects , Calcium-Binding Proteins/biosynthesis , Calcium-Binding Proteins/genetics , Cell Differentiation/drug effects , Cells, Cultured , Chondrocytes/cytology , Chondrocytes/metabolism , Ear Cartilage/cytology , Ear Cartilage/metabolism , Extracellular Matrix Proteins/biosynthesis , Extracellular Matrix Proteins/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects , Male , Proteoglycans/biosynthesis , RNA, Messenger/genetics , Rabbits , Matrix Gla Protein
10.
J Dent Res ; 82(9): 731-5, 2003 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12939359

ABSTRACT

Although excessive mechanical stress is assumed to be one of the factors contributing to pathogenesis of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis (OA), no pure mechanical-stress-induced OA model has been developed without surgical manipulation or puncture of the joint cavity. The purpose of this study was to establish a genuine mechanical-stress-induced OA model of the rabbit TMJ. In the experimental rabbits, repetitive, forced jaw-opening, 3 hrs/day for 5 days, was applied with the use of a general anesthesia protocol. By histological assessment of the TMJ articular tissues, partial eburnation of the articular cartilage, reactive marginal proliferation of the articular cartilage chondrocytes, and nested proliferation of chondrocytes in the subchondral bone area were observed at 7 days after the repetitive, forced-jaw-opening period. These results suggest that the repetitive, forced-jaw-opening protocol without surgical intervention can induce evident OA-like lesions in the rabbit TMJ, and this OA model may greatly contribute to the elucidation of the cartilage degradation mechanism in TMJ OA.


Subject(s)
Disease Models, Animal , Osteoarthritis/etiology , Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/etiology , Animals , Cartilage, Articular/pathology , Cell Division , Chondrocytes/pathology , Growth Plate/pathology , Male , Mandible/physiopathology , Mandibular Condyle/pathology , Movement , Osteoarthritis/pathology , Rabbits , Stress, Mechanical , Temporomandibular Joint/pathology , Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/pathology , Time Factors
11.
Phys Rev Lett ; 90(19): 194301, 2003 May 16.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12785950

ABSTRACT

We report on craters formed by balls dropped into dry, noncohesive, granular media. By explicit variation of ball density rho(b), diameter D(b), and drop height H, the crater diameter is confirmed to scale as the 1/4 power of the energy of the ball at impact: D(c) approximately equal (rho(b)D(3)(b)H)(1/4). Against expectation, a different scaling law is discovered for the crater depth: d approximately equal (rho(3/2)(b)D(2)(b)H)(1/3). The scaling with properties of the medium is also established. The crater depth has significance for granular mechanics in that it relates to the stopping force on the ball.

12.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet ; 62(1): 77-82, 1998 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9722130

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The effect of tamoxifen on cyclic mastalgia and on chemoprophylaxis against breast cancer is little known, mainly due to the difficulties in studying the normal human gland. We proposed to evaluate the mitotic index and the nuclear volume of the lobule of women medicated with tamoxifen only during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in order to observe the effect of tamoxifen on the normal human mammary gland. METHODS: Twenty-four premenopausal women with fibroadenoma diagnosed via biopsy were studied. The phase of the cycle was determined by the date of menstruation and serum progesterone level in the luteal phase (> or = 3 ng/ml). The patients admitted to the study and were given written informed consent to participate in the investigation, which was previously approved of by the hospital Ethics Committee. Patients were divided at random into two groups: Group I consisted of 12 untreated women (control) and Group II consisted of 12 patients treated with 20 mg/day tamoxifen for 10 consecutive days beginning on the 13th day of the menstrual cycle. In both groups, the patients were submitted to biopsies of the nodule and of a 1-cm3 fragment of adjacent mammary parenchyma between the 23rd and 26th day of the cycle. The mitotic index (number of mitoses/1000 nuclei counted) and mean nuclear volume (mean of 10 nuclear volumes for each case) were measured. RESULTS: No mitosis was observed in Group II. There was a reduction in the mean nuclear volume in Group II (Mann-Whitney test). CONCLUSIONS: Tamoxifen, when administered only during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, significantly reduces the nuclear volume and mitotic activity of the epithelium. This data demonstrates an antagonistic action of tamoxifen on estrogen even when administered for short periods of time.


Subject(s)
Breast/drug effects , Estrogen Antagonists/pharmacology , Luteal Phase , Mitotic Index , Tamoxifen/pharmacology , Adult , Breast/cytology , Cell Division , Epithelium/drug effects , Female , Humans , Menarche , Middle Aged
14.
Masui ; 44(3): 414-8, 1995 Mar 03.
Article in Japanese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7745797

ABSTRACT

The pathway of the radial artery of 23 patients, ranging in age from 17 days to 10 years, was located with a small-caliber Doppler probe, 1.5 mm in diameter, and the artery was punctured along the pathway traced on the skin surface. In all patients the arterial pathway, including its branch and diameter, was shown clearly. In 11 patients, ranging in weight from 5 to 24 kg, the artery was greater than 0.5 mm in diameter and was cannulated easily. In another 4 patients, all less than 3 kg in weight, the artery under the thin skin layer was cannulated successfully in three of them. However, among the remaining 8 patients, ranging in weight from 3 to 5 kg, cannulation was successful in only two cases. The thick tissue layer, including the skin and the subcutaneous layer over the small artery, was thought to interfere with the accurate location of the artery in the other six patients. Nevertheless, the arterial pathway traced on the skin surface facilitated successful percutaneous cannulation by another method in these six. Visualization of the arterial pathway by the small-caliber Doppler probe was thought to be helpful for percutaneous cannulation, with or without another cannulation method.


Subject(s)
Catheterization, Peripheral/methods , Radial Artery/diagnostic imaging , Ultrasonography, Doppler/methods , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Radial Artery/anatomy & histology , Skin
15.
Masui ; 43(3): 395-9, 1994 Mar.
Article in Japanese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8182886

ABSTRACT

Cardiac surgery was performed on a 50-yr-old man suffering from mitral valve stenosis. He has no history of allergic disease or bronchial asthma. Mitral valve was replaced uneventfully under extracorporeal circulation, and ventilation with pure oxygen was tried. But the lung was so stiff that the bag of anesthetic circuit could not be squeezed by hand. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed no obstruction in endotracheal tube or bronchial tree. A presumptive diagnosis of severe bronchospasm was made, and partial extracorporeal circulation was maintained. Soon after aggressive bronchodilator therapy, there was noticeable improvement in pulmonary compliance, and the patient was removed from bypass uneventfully. No further recurrence of bronchospasm was seen in the intra- or postoperative period. Although the exact causes for bronchospasm in our case are not clear, we concluded that severe bronchospasm was induced by extracorporeal circulation. Possible etiologies and the management of patients with this problem are reviewed.


Subject(s)
Bronchial Spasm/etiology , Extracorporeal Circulation/adverse effects , Intraoperative Complications/etiology , Mitral Valve Stenosis/surgery , Adult , Heart Valve Prosthesis , Humans , Male , Mitral Valve/surgery
16.
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) ; 8(6): 473-81, 1978 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-668153

ABSTRACT

In order to assess the role of growth hormone in the modulation of alpha cell function, the plasma pancreatic glucagon response to intravenous arginine (0.5 g/kg) was determined in thirty-two children with non-endocrine short stature and in eighteen growth hormone deficient children. 60 min after arginine infusion, the growth hormone deficient children had significantly higher (P less than 0.05) plasma glucagon values than the children with non-endocrine short stature. Following short-term growth hormone therapy (2 iu qd or bid for 5 days) in eleven of these growth hormone deficient children, plasma pancreatic glucagon response to arginine was diminished, and there was a significantly (P less than 0.02) more rapid return to basal values than in the untreated group. The same trends persisted after long-term growth hormone therapy (2 iu three times per week for 12-30 months) in ten children but were not statistically significant. We conclude that growth hormone may play a role in modulating plasma pancreatic glucagon response. The persistent glucagon response to arginine noted in growth hormone deficient children might reflect a greater gluconeogenic stress imposed upon these children during fasting or decreased catabolism of glucagon in the growth hormone deficient state.


Subject(s)
Glucagon/metabolism , Growth Disorders/physiopathology , Growth Hormone/deficiency , Adolescent , Arginine/pharmacology , Blood Glucose/analysis , Body Height , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Glucagon/blood , Growth Disorders/blood , Growth Hormone/pharmacology , Growth Hormone/physiology , Growth Hormone/therapeutic use , Humans , Insulin/blood , Male , Secretory Rate/drug effects
19.
Biol Neonate ; 31(5-6): 311-5, 1977.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-911964

ABSTRACT

Experimental intrauterine growth retardation was produced by two groups of neonatal rats by maternal sham surgery or by maternal obligatory exercise during the last 5 days of gestation (forced swim). Both experimental groups of neonates had lower plasma glucose and higher plasma insulin levels than controls after a 4-hour fast. Fetal stunting may be produced by a variety of maternal stresses in the rat and may be associated with alterations in the hormonal and glycemic response to fasting. Studies of the metabolic effects of experimental intrauterine growth retardation must be interpreted with caution if control animals have been subjected to intrauterine stress.


Subject(s)
Blood Glucose , Fasting , Fetal Growth Retardation/metabolism , Glucagon/blood , Insulin/blood , Maternal-Fetal Exchange , Animals , Animals, Newborn , Blood Glucose/analysis , Body Weight , Female , Fetal Growth Retardation/etiology , Pregnancy , Rats , Stress, Physiological
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...