ABSTRACT
Descriptions of seven new, short-winged Australian Agraeciine genera are presented with details of distribution, calling songs and karyotypes of several species. Photographs of the habitats of most species are included. A key to the known brachypterous and micropterous Australia agraeciines is presented. A new subtribe Australiagraeciina Rentz, Su, Ueshima is described to include species with small size of adults, macropterous males, apterous females and males with the stridulatory file positioned on a raised swelling. Included in the new subtribe are the following: Australiagraecia Rentz, Su and Ueshima Gen. et sp. nov. with the species A. spina Rentz, Su and Ueshima Gen. et sp. nov. (type species); A. minuta Rentz, Su and Ueshima Gen. et sp. nov.; A. helleri Rentz, Su and Ueshima Gen. et sp. nov.; A. torndirrupa Rentz, Su and Ueshima Gen. et sp. nov.; A. tagera Rentz, Su and Ueshima Gen. et sp. nov.; A. gladiator Rentz, Su and Ueshima Gen. et sp. nov.; A. curvata Rentz, Su and Ueshima Gen. et sp. nov. Ganiagraecia Rentz, Su and Ueshima Gen. nov.; G. karwinia Rentz, Su and Ueshima Gen. et sp. nov. (type species). Gwynnagraecia Rentz, Su and Ueshima Gen. nov.; G. viridis Rentz, Su and Ueshima Gen. et sp. nov. (type species).; G. perplexa Rentz, Su and Ueshima Gen. et sp. nov.; G. marandoo Rentz, Su and Ueshima Gen. et sp. nov. Latitatagraecia Rentz, Su and Ueshima Gen. nov.; L. kalamaya Rentz, Su and Ueshima Gen. et sp. nov. (type species); L. vulgivaga Rentz, Su and Ueshima Gen. et sp. nov. The following are placed in the subtribe Agraeciina Redtenbacher 1891: Cooloolagraecia Rentz, Su and Ueshima Gen. nov.; C. wallum Rentz, Su and Ueshima Gen. et sp. nov. (type species); C. gubbi Rentz, Su and Ueshima Gen. et sp. nov. Kokominiagraecia Rentz, Su and Ueshima Gen. nov.; K. dicra Rentz, Su and Ueshima Gen. et sp. nov. (type species). Timbarragraecia Rentz, Su and Ueshima Gen. nov.; T. samneilli Rentz, Su and Ueshima Gen. et sp. nov. (type species). A key to the Australiagraecia species is included.
Subject(s)
Orthoptera , Animal Distribution , Animals , Australia , Ecosystem , Female , Karyotype , MaleABSTRACT
The Nearctic shield-back katydid genus Neduba is revised. Species boundaries were demarcated by molecular phylogenetic analysis, morphology, quantitative analysis of calling songs, and karyotypes. Nine previously described species are redescribed: N. carinata, N. castanea, N. convexa, N. diabolica, N. extincta, N. macneilli, N. propsti, N. sierranus, and N. steindachneri, and twelve new species are described: N. ambagiosa sp. n., N. arborea sp. n., N. cascadia sp. n., N. duplocantans sp. n., N. inversa sp. n., N. longiplutea sp. n., N. lucubrata sp. n., N. oblongata sp. n., N. prorocantans sp. n., N. radicata sp. n., N. radocantans sp. n., and N. sequoia sp. n. We chose a lectotype for N. steindachneri and transferred N. picturata from a junior synonym of N. diabolica to a junior synonym of N. steindachneri. Diversification in this relict group reflects cycles of allopatric isolation and secondary contact amidst the tumultuous, evolving geography of western North America. The taxonomy and phylogenies presented in this revision lay the groundwork for studies of speciation, biogeography, hybrid zones, and behavioral evolution. Given that one Neduba species is already extinct from human environmental disturbance, we suggest conservation priorities for the genus.
Subject(s)
Orthoptera/classification , Phylogeny , Animal Distribution , Animals , Geography , KaryotypeABSTRACT
The New World Jerusalem crickets currently consist of 4 genera: Stenopelmatus Burmeister, 1838, with 33 named entities; Ammopelmatus Tinkham, 1965, with 2 described species; Viscainopelmatus Tinkham, 1970, with 1 described species, and Stenopelmatopterus Gorochov, 1988, with 3 described species. We redefine the generic boundaries of these 4 genera, synonymize Stenopelmatopterus under Stenopelmatus, and synonymize Viscainopelmatus under Ammopelmatus. We then discuss, and illustrate, all the types of the species of Stenopelmatus, all of which only occur south of the United States' border. We recognize as valid the following 5 described Mexican and Central American species: S. ater, S. piceiventris, S. sartorianus, S. talpa, and S. typhlops. We declare the following 13 described Mexican and Central American Stenopelmatus taxa as nomen dubium: S. calcaratus, S. erythromelus, S. guatemalae, S. histrio, S. lessonae, S. lycosoides, S. mexicanus, S. minor, S. nieti, S. sallei, S. sumichrasti, S. toltecus, and S. vicinus. We designate a neotype for S. talpa and lectotypes for S. ater, S. guatemalae, S. histrio, S. lessonae, S. mexicanus, S. minor, S. nieti, S. sallei, S. sumichrasti, and S. toltecus. We assign a type locality for S. piceiventris. We concur with the previous synonymy of S. politus under S. sartorianus. We describe 14 new species of Stenopelmatus from Mexico, Honduras and Ecuador, based on a combination of adult morphology, DNA, calling song drumming pattern, distribution, and karyotype: S. chiapas sp. nov., S. cusuco sp. nov., S. diezmilpies sp. nov., S. durango sp. nov., S. ecuadorensis sp. nov., S. faulkneri sp. nov., S. honduras sp. nov., S. hondurasito sp. nov., S. mineraldelmonte sp. nov., S. nuevoleon sp. nov., S. perote sp. nov., S. saltillo sp. nov., S. sanfelipe sp. nov., and S. zimapan sp. nov. We transfer the following 16 described United States taxa, plus S. cephalotes from the "west coast of North America", from Stenopelmatus to Ammopelmatus: A. cahuilaensis, A. californicus, A. cephalotes, A. fasciatus, A. fuscus, A. hydrocephalus, A. intermedius, A. irregularis, A. longispinus, A. mescaleroensis, A. monahansensis, A. navajo, A. nigrocapitatus, A. oculatus, A. pictus, and A. terrenus, along with the Mexican taxon A. comanchus: these species will be discussed in a subsequent paper (Weissman et al. in prep). We believe that all new Jerusalem cricket species descriptions should include, at a minimum, calling drum (most important) and DNA information.
Subject(s)
Orthoptera/classification , Animal Distribution , Animals , Central America , MexicoABSTRACT
Six species in Goodangarkia are described. Information on the distribution. ecology and cytology of species is presented. An unusual characteristic of cranial stridulation of one species is noted. Cytological evidence suggests the chromosome complement of species are more basal than those from Africa for example.
Subject(s)
Gryllidae/classification , Animal Distribution , Animal Structures/anatomy & histology , Animal Structures/growth & development , Animals , Australia , Body Size , Ecosystem , Female , Gryllidae/anatomy & histology , Gryllidae/growth & development , Gryllidae/physiology , Male , Organ Size , Vocalization, AnimalABSTRACT
The Australian members of the simoderine katydids are reviewed. The tribe is known from nine genera, five of which occur only in Madagascar, the others are Australian: Chloracantha Hebard (C. lampra, C. angularis sp. nov., C. garradunga sp. nov., C. hilleri sp. nov.), Tallebudgeroptera gen. nov. (T. spininota sp. nov.), Mastigaphoides Weidner (M. haffneri, M. tuberculatus sp. nov., M. vaginalis sp. nov., M. lewisensis sp. nov.), Narea Walker (N. compacta, N. elongata, N. kungaree sp. nov.). Mastighapha Karsch is synonymised with Narea. Descriptions, illustrations, sound recording information and distribution maps are presented for all species.
