Efecto de un programa de ejercicio físico individualizado sobre el perfil lipídico en pacientes sedentarios con factores de riesgo cardiovascular / Effect of an individualised physical exercise program on lipid profile in sedentary patients with cardiovascular risk factors

El ejercicio físico (EF) se ha convertido en una herramienta de capital importancia en la reducción del riesgo cardiovascular (RCV). Objetivos: Evaluar la eficacia de un programa de EF no supervisado sobre la condición física y el perfil lipídico. Diseño: La muestra final incluyó a 49 hombres y mujeres sedentarias con dislipemia, sobrepeso u obesidad tipo1 y no fumadores. Debían realizar durante 4meses: andar 30-60min cada día y 3días a la semana: 30min de bicicleta estática a una intensidad del 40-60% de la capacidad funcional máxima, abdominales isométricos y estiramientos estáticos. Antes y después de realizar el programa de EF se evaluó la antropometría, la condición física (Test de los 6min) y el perfil lipídico. El objetivo era conseguir un gasto calórico entre 1.200-2.000kilocalorías/semanales. Resultados: Al finalizar el programa se observó en ambos sexos una disminución del colesterol total (p<0,02), del colesterol LDL (p<0,01), del colesterol VLDL (p<0,01), de los triglicéridos (p<0,05) y un aumento del colesterol HDL (p<0,05). También se constató un aumento de la distancia recorrida en el test de los 6 min: hombres 52m (p<0,002) y mujeres 39,5m (p<0,002) y una disminución de la percepción de fatiga (escala de Borg): hombres en 1,19 (p<0,01) y mujeres en 0,96 (p<0,01). No hubo cambios antropométricos. Conclusiones: El EF prescrito mejoró el perfil lipídico (alcanzando al final del estudio valores dentro de los rangos de normalidad) y la condición física en la muestra estudiada. Se consiguió una adherencia al mismo de un 64% de los participantes (AU)

Physical exercise has become in an important tool in the reduction of cardiovascular risk. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of an unsupervised physical exercise program that on the physical condition and the lipid profile. Method: The final sample included 49 sedentary men and women, who were non-smokers, with dyslipidaemia, overweight, and type1 obesity. The 4-month program included walking for 30-60minutes every day, and for three days a week, 30minutes of cycling at an intensity of 40-60% of maximum functional capacity, as well as isometric abdominals and static stretching. Anthropometrics, physical condition (6minute test), and the lipid profile were evaluated before and after the physical exercise program. The objective was to achieve a caloric expenditure between 1200-2000kcal/week. Results: At the end of the program it was observed, in both sexes, that there was a decrease in total cholesterol (P<0.02), LDL cholesterol (P<0.01), VLDL cholesterol (P<0.01), and triglycerides (P<0.05), and an increase HDL cholesterol (P<0.05). There was also an increase in the distance travelled in the 6minute test of 52m in men and 39.5m in women (P<0.002), plus a decrease in the perception of fatigue on the Borg scale of 1.19 in men, and 0.96 in women (P<0.01). There were no anthropometric changes. Conclusions: The physical exercise improved physical condition and the lipid profile in the sample that has been studied, with 64% of participants continuing to do it (AU)

Effect of an individualised physical exercise program on lipid profile in sedentary patients with cardiovascular risk factors. / Efecto de un programa de ejercicio físico individualizado sobre el perfil lipídico en pacientes sedentarios con factores de riesgo cardiovascular.

Physical exercise has become in an important tool in the reduction of cardiovascular risk. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of an unsupervised physical exercise program that on the physical condition and the lipid profile. METHOD: The final sample included 49 sedentary men and women, who were non-smokers, with dyslipidaemia, overweight, and type1 obesity. The 4-month program included walking for 30-60minutes every day, and for three days a week, 30minutes of cycling at an intensity of 40-60% of maximum functional capacity, as well as isometric abdominals and static stretching. Anthropometrics, physical condition (6minute test), and the lipid profile were evaluated before and after the physical exercise program. The objective was to achieve a caloric expenditure between 1200-2000kcal/week. RESULTS: At the end of the program it was observed, in both sexes, that there was a decrease in total cholesterol (P<0.02), LDL cholesterol (P<0.01), VLDL cholesterol (P<0.01), and triglycerides (P<0.05), and an increase HDL cholesterol (P<0.05). There was also an increase in the distance travelled in the 6minute test of 52m in men and 39.5m in women (P<0.002), plus a decrease in the perception of fatigue on the Borg scale of 1.19 in men, and 0.96 in women (P<0.01). There were no anthropometric changes. CONCLUSIONS: The physical exercise improved physical condition and the lipid profile in the sample that has been studied, with 64% of participants continuing to do it.