ABSTRACT
Marssonina coronaria associated with apple blotch disease causes severe premature defoliation, and is widely distributed in Korea. Thirteen isolates were collected from orchards located in Gyeongbuk Province from 2005~2007. All isolates displayed over 99.6% and 99.2% sequence similarity to each other in internal transcribed spacer regions and partial sequences of 28S rDNA, respectively. The isolates were phylogenetically closely related to Chinese isolates. Selected isolates did not differ in their pathogenicity. The optimum conditions for fungal growth were 20â and pH 6 on peptone potato dextrose agar (PPDA). Peptone and mannose were the best nitrogen and carbon source, respectively. Fungal growth was better on PPDA than on common potato dextrose agar. This study provides valuable information for integrated disease management program and facilitates the routine culturing of M. coronaria.
ABSTRACT
Elicitins, extracellular proteins from Phytophthora fungi, elicit a hypersensitivity response (HR), including systemic acquired resistance, in some plants. The elicitin capsicein (approximately 10 kDa) was purified by FPLC from culture filtrates of P. capsici. Purified native and recombinant capsicein induced a hypersensitive response in leaves of the non-host plants Nicotiana glutinosa and Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis. To search for candidate capsicein-interacting proteins from N. glutinosa, a yeast two-hybrid assay was used. We identified a protein interactor that is homologous to a serine/threonine kinase of the plant receptor-like kinase (RLK) group and designated it NgRLK1. The ORF of NgRLK1 encodes a polypeptide of 832 amino acids (93,490 Da). A conserved domain analysis revealed that NgRLK1 has structural features typical of a plant RLK. NgRLK1 was autophosphorylated, with higher activity in the presence of Mn2+ than Mg2+.
Subject(s)
Fungal Proteins/metabolism , Nicotiana/genetics , Protein Kinases/genetics , Protein Kinases/metabolism , Amino Acid Sequence , Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics , Arabidopsis Proteins/metabolism , Base Sequence , Brassica rapa/immunology , Brassica rapa/metabolism , Cloning, Molecular , Fungal Proteins/isolation & purification , Immunity, Innate/genetics , Immunity, Innate/physiology , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , Phytophthora/metabolism , Plant Diseases/genetics , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Plant Leaves/immunology , Plant Leaves/metabolism , Plant Proteins/genetics , Plant Proteins/metabolism , Protein Binding , Sequence Homology , Nicotiana/enzymology , Nicotiana/immunology , Nicotiana/metabolismABSTRACT
Present experiments were conducted to determine the possibility of artificial culture with various sawdust of P. gilvus. The pH value was 6.0 of oak sawdust, 6.5 of mulberry sawdust, 6.6 of elm sawdust, 6.3 of acacia sawdust and 6.1 of apple tree sawdust. Mycelial density on elm sawdust and acacia sawdust were lower than those of oak sawdust, and apple sawdust. Weight of fresh fruiting body showed that 179 g on oak tree, 227 g on oak sawdust, 21 g on elm tree, 76 g on elm sawdust, 106 g on apple tree, and 170 g on apple sawdust. Among them, the yield of oak substrates was the highest whereas acacia sawdust was the lowest, and it is concluded that the yields of sawdust substrates were higher than log substrates. P. gilvus grown on various sawdusts and logs used in this study have shown similar in anti-tumor activity against P388.
ABSTRACT
Phellinus genus belonged to Hymenochaetaceae of Basidiomycetes and has been well known as one of the most popular medicinal mushrooms due to high antitumor activity. This study was carried out to obtain the basic information for mycelial culture conditions of Phellinus linteus, P. baumii, and P. gilvus. According to colony diameter and mycelial density, the media for suitable mycelial growth of them were shown in MEA, glucose peptone, and MCM. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth was 30â. Carbon and nitrogen sources were mannose and malt extract, respectively. The optimum C/N ratio was 10 : 1 to 5: 1 with 2% glucose concentration, vitamin was thiamine-HCl, organic acid was succinic acid, and mineral salt was MgSO4·7H2O.
