ABSTRACT
A polyphasic taxonomic study was performed on an unidentified Arcanobacterium-like, Gram-stain-positive bacterium, strain 2710T, isolated from a harbour seal. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that this bacterial strain belonged to the genus Arcanobacterium and was related most closely to the type strains of Arcanobacterium phocae (98.4 % similarity) and Arcanobacterium phocisimile (97.5 %). 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to the type strains of other Arcanobacterium species were between 95.3 and 96.9 %. DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain 2710T and A. phocae DSM 10002T and A. phocisimile LMG 27073T were 4.7 % (reciprocal 56 %) and 23 % (reciprocal 7.7 %), respectively. The presence of the major menaquinone MK-9(H4) and a polar lipid profile with the major compounds diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannoside supported the affiliation of strain 2710T to the genus Arcanobacterium. The major fatty acids were C16:0, C18:1ω9c, C18:0 and C18:2ω6,9c/anteiso-C18:0. The peptidoglycan structure was of cross-linkage type A5α (l-Lys-l-Lys-d-Glu). Physiological and biochemical tests clearly distinguished the isolate from other members of the genus Arcanobacterium. Based on these tests, it is proposed that this unknown bacterium should be classified as a novel species of the genus Arcanobacterium, with the name Arcanobacterium pinnipediorum sp. nov. The type strain is 2710T ( = DSM 28752T = LMG 28298T).
Subject(s)
Arcanobacterium/classification , Phoca/microbiology , Phylogeny , Animals , Arcanobacterium/genetics , Arcanobacterium/isolation & purification , Bacterial Typing Techniques , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Fatty Acids/chemistry , Molecular Sequence Data , North Sea , Nucleic Acid Hybridization , Peptidoglycan/chemistry , Phospholipids/chemistry , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Vitamin K 2/analogs & derivatives , Vitamin K 2/chemistryABSTRACT
A polyphasic taxonomic study was performed on two previously unidentified Arcanobacterium-like Gram-positive strains isolated from harbour seals. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that both bacteria belonged to the genus Arcanobacterium and were most closely related to Arcanobacterium haemolyticum CIP 103370(T) (98.4% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), A. canis P6775(T) (97.4%), A. phocae DSM 10002(T) (97.4%), A. pluranimalium M430/94/2(T) (95.7%) and A. hippocoleae CCUG 44697(T) (95.5%). The presence of the major menaquinone MK-9(H4) supported the affiliation of the isolates with the genus Arcanobacterium. The polar lipid profile consisted of major amounts of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannoside, an unidentified phospholipid and two unidentified glycolipids. The major fatty acids were C16:0, C18:0, C18:1ω9c and summed feature 5 (comprising C18:2ω6,9c and/or anteiso-C18:0). Physiological and biochemical tests clearly distinguished the isolates from other members of the genus Arcanobacterium. Based on the common origin and various physiological properties comparable to those of A. phocae, it is proposed that the isolates are classified as members of a novel species with the name Arcanobacterium phocisimile sp. nov. The type strain is 2698(T) (=LMG 27073(T) =CCM 8430(T)).
Subject(s)
Arcanobacterium/classification , Phoca/microbiology , Phylogeny , Animals , Arcanobacterium/genetics , Arcanobacterium/isolation & purification , Bacterial Typing Techniques , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Fatty Acids/analysis , Molecular Sequence Data , Nucleic Acid Hybridization , Quinones/analysis , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
In the present study A. (T.) abortisuis isolated from pigs and bovines could be reliably identified by determination of phenotypic properties, genotypically by polymerase chain reaction with the help of A. (T.) abortisuis 16s-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region specific oligonucleotide primer and by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time Of Flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The latter appeared to be a promising tool for fast and cost effective identification of this species and might help to elucidate the role A. (T.) abortisuis plays in infections of pigs, bovines, possibly other animals or humans.
Subject(s)
Actinomycetales Infections/veterinary , Arcanobacterium/isolation & purification , Bacterial Typing Techniques/methods , Cattle Diseases/microbiology , Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization , Swine Diseases/microbiology , Actinomycetales Infections/microbiology , Animals , Arcanobacterium/classification , Arcanobacterium/genetics , Cattle , DNA, Ribosomal Spacer/genetics , Female , Male , Phenotype , Phylogeny , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , SwineSubject(s)
Actinomycetales Infections/veterinary , Arcanobacterium/physiology , Dog Diseases/microbiology , Phenotype , Actinomycetales Infections/microbiology , Animals , Arcanobacterium/genetics , Arcanobacterium/isolation & purification , Dogs , Genes, Bacterial/genetics , Molecular Sequence Data , Polymerase Chain Reaction , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , RNA, Ribosomal, 23S/geneticsABSTRACT
The present study was designed to characterize phenotypically and genotypically seven Arcanobacterium haemolyticum strains obtained from infections of six horses. All seven strains showed the cultural and biochemical properties typical of A. haemolyticum and were susceptible to most of the antibiotics tested. The species identification could be confirmed by amplification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer region and by PCR amplification of species-specific parts of the gene encoding phospholipase D in A. haemolyticum. Use of the latter could possibly improve future identification of this generally human pathogenic bacterial species which, according to the present results, seems to occur also in infections of horses.
