ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To determine the phenolic content in Codariocalyx motorius root extract and to evaluate its antioxidant properties using various in vitro assay systems.@*METHODS@#The antioxidant activity was evaluated based on scavenging of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, hydroxyl radicals, superoxide anions, nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide, peroxynitrite, reducing power and by inhibition of lipid peroxidation which was estimated in terms of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances.@*RESULTS@#The root extract of the Codariocalyx motorius (C. motorius) exhibited potent total antioxidant activity that increased with increasing amount of extract concentration, which was compared with standard drug such as quercetin, butylated hydroxytoluene, tocopherol at different concentrations. The different concentrations of the extracts showed inhibition on lipid peroxidation. In addition, the extracts had effective reducing power, free radical scavenging, super oxide anion scavenging, nitric oxide scavenging, lipid peroxidation, and total phenolic content depending on concentration. High correlation between total phenolic contents and scavenging potential of different reactive oxygen species (r(2)=0.831-0.978) indicated the polyphenols as the main antioxidants.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Codariocalyx motorius (C. motorius) root possess the highly active antioxidant substance which can be used for the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Biphenyl Compounds , Metabolism , Fabaceae , Chemistry , Free Radical Scavengers , Pharmacology , Hydroxyl Radical , Metabolism , Lipid Peroxidation , Nitric Oxide , Metabolism , Phenols , Pharmacology , Picrates , Metabolism , Plant Extracts , Pharmacology , Plant Roots , Chemistry , Rats, Wistar , Reactive Oxygen Species , Metabolism , Superoxides , Metabolism , Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances , PharmacologyABSTRACT
In the present study, the effect of alcoholic stem extract of Gymnema montanum (GMSt) on blood glucose, plasma insulin, and carbohydrate metabolic enzymes were studied in experimental diabetes. Diabetes mellitus was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg/kg bw). Five days after STZ induction, diabetic rats received GMSt orally at the doses of 25, 50, 100 and 200mg/kg daily for 3 weeks. Graded doses of stem extract showed a significant reduction in blood glucose levels and improvement in plasma insulin levels. The effect was more pronounced in 100 and 200mg/kg than 50mg/kg. GMSt showed significant increase in hexokinase, Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glycogen content in liver of diabetic rats while there was significant reduction in the levels of glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. The present study clearly indicated significant antidiabetic effect with the stem extract of G. montanum and lends support for its traditional usage.
