[In vitro study of the modulating effect of antitubercular agents on the rosette formation response in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis]. / Izuchenie moduliruiushchego deistviia protivotuberkuleznykh preparatov in vitro v reaktsii rozetkoobrazovaniia u bol'nykh tuberkulezom legkikh.

The wide medical application of new highly active antituberculous agents (ATA) having a definite mechanism of action on immunological homeostasis makes pharmacological regulation of immunological responses real in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of major ATA on the body's immunological responsiveness in vitro, i.e. by the changes in E-RFC used as a loading test, their immunoactive properties were examined with and without addition of ATA. The study provided a new methodological approach which may help in more effectively determining the nature of effects of the study ATA on the qualitative and quantitative parameters of the T system, in clarifying whether ATA have certain immunoregulating properties, and in quantitatively defining the magnitude of their expression. The used parameter E-RFC is an adequate test for studying the immunoactive properties of ATA acting primarily on cell immunity. Thus, this offers scope in practical medicine for goal-oriented regulation of an immune response in different tuberculosis infections by using appropriate ATA.

[Luminol-dependent neutrophilic chemiluminescence in patients with chronic nonspecific lung diseases]. / Liuminolzavisimaia khemiliuminestsentsiia neítrofilov u bol'nykh khronicheskimi nespetsificheskimi zabolevaniiami legkikh.

To assess the prognostic value of neutrophilic chemiluminescence, an examination was made of 68 patients with chronic bronchitis, 96 with bronchial asthma, and 34 apparently healthy individuals. Metabolic activity was determined by spontaneous and induced chemiluminescence in the whole blood and neutrophilic samples (the procedure being given). Patients with chronic bronchitis or bronchial asthma were found to have much higher metabolic activity in the neutrophils. The high sensitivity of chemiluminescence enables it to be used to determine the natural history of a disease and to check up the efficiency of treatment.

[Gene geography of hereditary glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and pulmonary tuberculosis in Azerbaijan]. / Genogeografiia nasledtvennogo defitsita fermenta gliukozo-6-fosfatdegidrogenazy i tuberkuleza legkikh v Azerbaidzhane.

A comparative study of the detection rate for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) deficiency was carried out among the indigenous population of different regions of Azerbaijan with epidemiologic tuberculosis situation. A screening comprising the Bernstein test (for revealing enzymopathy in the erythroid series cells) and the NS test (for revealing enzyme deficiency in leukocytes) was conducted to find hereditary G-6-PDH deficiency. A comparison of the epidemiologic parameters of the pertinent regions revealed the correlation between the detection rate for G-6-PDH deficiency in the republican regions and the epidemiologic tuberculosis situation. These studies have led to the conclusion that one of the measures to reduce tuberculosis morbidity in the republic is to enhance antiepidemiologic measures in the regions whose residents show a high incidence fo hereditary G-6-PDH deficiency.

[Pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with hereditary glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency]. / Tuberkulez legkikh u bol'nykh s nasledstvennym defitsitom gliukozo-6-fosfatdegidrogenazy.

A study was made of the occurrence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) deficiency among patients with lung tuberculosis including those suffering from mental diseases (alcoholism or schizophrenia). In Azerbaijani patients, the rate of G-6-PDH demonstration was higher as compared to that among the healthy population. On combined lung tuberculosis and alcoholism the rate of that abnormality demonstration increased whereas on associated lung tuberculosis and schizophrenia, it slightly decreased. Among patients with hereditary G-6-PDH deficiency, the portion of chronic destructive forms of pulmonary tuberculosis is high, the tuberculous process is accompanied more often by isolation of M. tuberculosis. The etiological role of G-6-PDH as a genetic marker is evaluated as 14%; in associated lung tuberculosis and alcoholism, it grows to 18%.

[Clinico-immunologic characteristics of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, psychic diseases and a congenital glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency]. / Kliniko-immunologicheskie osobennosti bol'nykh tuberkulezom legkikh, stradaiushchikh psikhicheskimi zabolevaniiami, s vrozhdennym defitsitom fermenta G-6-FDG.

Clinical and immunological characteristics of the tuberculosis process in patients with mental diseases and congenital deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were investigated. Enzymopathy was detected in 34 (8.9 per cent) out of 382 patients subjected to the investigation. It was shown that among the carriers of the anomalous gene, the proportion of patients with chronic destructive tuberculosis was high. The patients (91.2%) showed more frequent bacterial isolation. Despite immunotherapy, no positive changes in the immunological indices were observed in the carriers, which was attributable to decreased activity of the enzyme in the immunocompetent cells.