ABSTRACT
Inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4) and C-reactive protein (CRP) have been isolated from acute phase dog sera by affinity chromatography with insolubilized polyclonal antibodies anti pig Major Acute phase Protein (Pig-MAP) and with p-Aminophenyl Phosphoryl Choline, respectively. Isolated proteins were used to prepare specific polyclonal rabbit antisera that have allowed quantifying their concentration in serum samples by single radial immunodifussion. Both proteins were quantified in sera from female dogs that had undergone ovariohysterectomy (OVH, n=9) or mastectomy (n=10). The observed increases in CRP concentrations showed that surgical traumas induced an acute phase response of a great magnitude in the dogs. In both surgeries a four-fold increase of ITIH4 concentrations was detected. It can be concluded that ITIH4 is a new positive acute phase protein in dogs, as reported in other species.
Subject(s)
Alpha-Globulins/analysis , Antibodies/immunology , C-Reactive Protein/analysis , Alpha-Globulins/immunology , Alpha-Globulins/isolation & purification , Animals , C-Reactive Protein/immunology , C-Reactive Protein/isolation & purification , Dogs , Female , Immune Sera/immunology , RabbitsSubject(s)
Sarcocystis/isolation & purification , Sarcocystosis/veterinary , Sheep Diseases/diagnosis , Vocal Cord Paralysis/veterinary , Animals , Diagnosis, Differential , Larynx/parasitology , Larynx/pathology , Male , Sarcocystosis/complications , Sarcocystosis/diagnosis , Sheep , Sheep Diseases/pathology , Vocal Cord Paralysis/diagnosis , Vocal Cord Paralysis/etiologyABSTRACT
Ninety-three unhealthy dogs (including some with diabetes mellitus or insulinoma) of different ages, sex and breeds were divided into 10 groups according to their pathology. Serum fructosamine concentrations were determined using a commercial colorimetric nitroblue tetrazolium method. Diabetic dogs had the highest fructosamine concentrations (454.85 +/- 149.34 micromol/L). Dogs with insulinoma had significantly lower fructosamine concentrations (202.80 +/- 31.22 micromol/L), similar to those with leishmaniosis (202.83 +/- 99.83 micromol/L). Fructosamine concentrations in non-healthy dogs, except those with diabetes mellitus, insulinoma or leishmaniosis, were within the reference limits previously reported.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus/veterinary , Dog Diseases/blood , Fructosamine/blood , Insulinoma/veterinary , Animals , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus/blood , Dogs , Female , Insulinoma/blood , Leishmaniasis/blood , Leishmaniasis/veterinary , Male , Nitroblue Tetrazolium/chemistry , Reference Values , Serum Albumin/metabolismABSTRACT
Blood glycated hemoglobin concentration reflects long-term serum glucose levels in dogs. In this study, the effects of several diseases on blood glycated hemoglobin levels have been evaluated. For this study, blood samples were drawn from 93 unhealthy dogs. The animals were distributed into 10 groups according to pathological process (group 1, digestive problems; group 2, leishmaniasis; group 3, anemia; group 4, dermatological disorders; group 5, urinary problems; group 6, cardiorespiratory problems; group 7, diabetes mellitus; group 8, insulinoma; group 9, general diseases; group 10, control group). Blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin concentrations and hemoglobin and hematocrit values were analyzed in all the animals. In diabetic dogs, a strong increase in blood glycated hemoglobin was observed when compared with the other groups (P < 0.01). In contrast, dogs with insulinoma showed a decrease in blood glycated hemoglobin, though significant differences were not reported in all cases. No change in blood glycated hemoglobin concentrations were reported in dogs affected by other diseases. So, we can suppose that only the chronic alterations in glucose metabolism (chronic hyper- or hypoglycemia) can induce significant changes on the blood glycated hemoglobin concentrations in dogs.
Subject(s)
Dog Diseases/blood , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Hyperglycemia/veterinary , Hypoglycemia/veterinary , Animals , Dogs , Female , Hematocrit , Hyperglycemia/complications , Hypoglycemia/complications , MaleABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Silent myocardial ischemia is a growing world health problem. It has been related to factors that promote an increase in myocardial oxygen demand or affect coronary vasomotor tone. Coronary artery disease has shown an increasing trend in Mexico in this century. HYPOTHESIS: The aim of the study was to estimate the strength of the association between some risk factors and the occurrence of silent myocardial ischemia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted and 249 individuals were screened by 24-h Holter electrocardiogram. Silent myocardial ischemia was diagnosed in patients with painless transient ST-segment depression. All subjects were interviewed for coronary risk factors and total serum cholesterol was measured. RESULTS: Silent ischemia was diagnosed in 115 patients (46%), who were older (59 +/- 9 vs. 57 +/- 11 years; p = 0.01). In a logistic regression analysis, a lower risk for silent ischemia was found in patients with thrombolysis [odds ratio (OR) 0.28; 95% confidence interval (CI 95%) 0.14-0.53], or those who followed their medical treatment (OR 0.16; CI 95% 0.04-0.68). The major risk factors were hypercholesterolemia (OR 1.6; CI 95% 0.9-2.9) and more severe coronary artery disease (OR 2.5; CI 95% 1.1-5.7). CONCLUSIONS: Some coronary risk factors are related to silent ischemia. It is still important to diagnose this entity, but modification of its related risk factors should be kept in mind to diminish its occurrence and its severe consequences.
Subject(s)
Myocardial Ischemia/epidemiology , Cholesterol/blood , Coronary Angiography , Cross-Sectional Studies , Electrocardiography, Ambulatory , Female , Humans , Incidence , Male , Mexico/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Myocardial Ischemia/blood , Myocardial Ischemia/diagnosis , Odds Ratio , Risk Factors , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
The main objective of this research was to compare the efficacy and security of bisoprolol (B), a new cardioselective beta-blocker, that does not have intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, and metoprolol associated to hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate hypertension. Sixty-two hypertensive patients (47 females and 15 males) aged 20 to 70 years (mean 52.5 +/- 10.4) were included in a double-blind, placebo controlled and randomized clinical trial. After a two-weeks wash out period and a similar placebo phase, patients were randomly assigned to receive either a once-daily dosing of B (10 mg) with 6.25 mg of HCTZ, or M (100 mg) plus 6.25 mg of HCTZ during four-weeks. If there was no reduction below 90 mmHg at the end of this period, the dosing of either beta-blocker was doubled. After eight weeks of treatment, the mean decreases in systolic/diastolic blood pressures from baseline were 31.8/21.2 and 28.0/20.6 mmHg for B/HCTZ and M/HCTZ, respectively (p < 0.0001). There were no clinically significant changes from baseline in laboratory parameters in either group. Reduction in blood pressure with B/HCTZ is associated with adverse events and metabolic changes similar to those observed with other antihypertensive drugs.
Subject(s)
Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Bisoprolol/therapeutic use , Hydrochlorothiazide/therapeutic use , Hypertension/drug therapy , Metoprolol/therapeutic use , Adult , Aged , Double-Blind Method , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
We report a case of 41 year-old male who was operated on 24 times because of an entero-cutaneous fistula secondary to a gun shot wound. The patient was hospitalized during 23 months, most of which were spent fasting. He received parenteral nutrition during 16 months. The importance of nutritional support and the need to only operate when a patient's condition are optimal are stressed.