ABSTRACT
We investigated the effects of electrical stimulation of the stomach on gastric emptying and the electrical activity of the stomach in 10 dogs. A model of gastroparesis was developed in five dogs using truncal vagotomy combined with injections of glucagon. Glucagon also induced electrical dysrhythmias. Bipolar electrodes were implanted in the stomach and the duodenum for electrical stimulation and for recording electrogastrograms. Gastric emptying of an isotope-labeled solid meal was assessed for 2 h. External electrical stimulation was delivered to the corpus of the stomach at its own physiological frequency to investigate whether it could restore normal gastric emptying. Such stimulation had no significant effect on gastric emptying in intact animals (45 vs. 43%: retention of isotope after 2 h) or when only vagotomy was performed (78 vs. 66%), but it significantly accelerated gastric emptying in animals with vagotomy and glucagon (from 86 to 68%). From this model of delayed gastric emptying, we suggest that electrical stimulation of the stomach at its own intrinsic frequency may recoordinate uncoupled slow wave activity induced by glucagon after vagotomy thus improving the rate of gastric emptying.
Subject(s)
Gastric Emptying/physiology , Paralysis/physiopathology , Stomach/innervation , Analysis of Variance , Animals , Dogs , Electric Stimulation , Electrophysiology , Female , Gastric Emptying/drug effects , Glucagon/pharmacology , Periodicity , Stomach/physiopathology , VagotomyABSTRACT
In biomedical systems, sensors play roles ranging from off-line diagnosis to prosthetic support in continuous real-time control. This diversity is illustrated with examples from mechanical limb prostheses, fluid (bladder) control, and chemical sensing. The chemical field, least advanced but under active development, offers special promise toward future automation of the classical diagnosis-therapy control loop.
