[Quantitative Color Vision Defect Evaluation - Lanthony Test and its Modified Interpretation]. / Kvantitativní vyhodnocení defektu barvocitu - Lanthonyho test a jeho modifikovaná interpretace.

UNLABELLED: Our aim was to develop quick and exact instrument for examination of color vision defects (CVD). We used Lanthony saturated and desaturated test. Data were evaluated according the Vingrys and King-Smith study. We had together 123 eyes of 86 patients. From all subjects we received these average values: AA 44.32 (min -87.13, max 80.64), TES 13.36 (min 8.84, max 30.30), SI 1.97 (min 1.22, max 5.69) and CI 1.66 (min 1.0, max 3.94). At the base of counting algorithm and average values form saturated and desaturated test we revealed 25 (29 %) patients with CVD. Twelve patients (14 %) classified as CVD+ had dichromacy and all had inborn CVD. Eight patients (9 %) from this group had deutranopia and four patient (5 %) protanopia. Anomaly trichromacy we revealed in thirteen patients (15 %). Eight (9 %) of these patients had inborn CVD. Six (7 %) of these patients had protanomalia, one (1 %) had deuteranomalia and one tritanomalia. We established and specified TES, CI and SI critical values, which was used to dividing patients into specific groups. KEY WORDS: Lanthony test, color vision defect, index of selectivity, index of confusion, total error score.

Microcavity effects on the generation, fluorescence, and diffusion of excitons in organic solar cells.

We compute the short-circuit diffusion current of excitons in an organic solar cell, with special emphasis on fluorescence losses. The exciton diffusion length is not uniform but varies with its position within the device, even with moderate fluorescence quantum efficiency. With large quantum efficiencies, the rate of fluorescence can be strongly reduced with proper choices of the geometrical and dielectric parameters. Hence, through proper micro-cavity design, the diffusion length can be increased and the device performance significantly improved without recourse to triplet excitonic states.

Transmitral flow velocities and times during stress transthoracic echocardiography in patients with myocardial ischaemia.

Twenty-nine men with chronic stable angina pectoris were investigated using stress electrocardiography (ECG) and stress transthoracic echocardiography by means of transoesophageal stimulation of the left atrium. At rest and after each stimulated frequency, ECG and 2-dimensional echocardiography combined with Doppler were performed simultaneously. Fourteen patients without ischaemia at stress ECG and two patients who were subjected only to two different frequencies of stimulation were excluded from our study. Thirteen patients with ischaemic electrocardiographic response at stress, who were subjected to at least three stimulated frequencies, were evaluated. Their deceleration time of early transmitral filling was prolonged from 171 +/- 15.4 ms to 178.1 +/- 14.4 ms (P = ns) after the first stimulated frequency, to 172.8 +/- 15.1 ms after the second stimulated frequency (P = ns) and was shortened to 143.6 +/- 7.9 ms (P < 0.05) after the fastest stimulated frequency. The ratio of peak transmitral flow velocity in early diastole (E) to that during atrial contraction (A) decreased from 0.93 +/- 0.07 at rest to 0.85 +/- 0.07 (P < 0.05) after the first stimulated frequency, to 0.87 +/- 0.07 (P = ns) after the second stimulated frequency and increased to 1.13 +/- 0.08 (P < 0.05) after the fastest stimulated frequency. In patients with angina pectoris and myocardial ischaemia, the changes in the E/A ratio and deceleration time during stress are not linear and their direction depends on the moment of their evaluation. Their use for the quantitative evaluation of the diastolic function of the left ventricle is problematic.