Improvement in the Management of Oral Anticoagulation in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation in Primary Health Care.

(1) Background: Evaluation and improvement of the management of patients with atrial fibrillation in treatment with oral anticoagulants from primary health care. (2) Methods: prospective quasi-experimental study, conducted on 385 patients assisted with Atrial Fibrillation (AF) at the Las Fuentes Norte Health Center, before and after the implementation of actions to improve oral anticoagulants management from October 2015 to July 2017. (3) Results: The ACO-ZAR I study revealed that the population with AF presents a global prevalence of 1.7%, an indication of oral anticoagulants of 92.1%, undertreatment of 24%, suboptimal control of vitamin K antagonists of 43%, use of antiaggregant as primary prevention of 13.42%, and primary health care monitoring of 34%. The implementation of activities aimed at improving the management of oral anticoagulants in the ACO-ZAR II study achieves a reduction in undertreatment up to 16%, in the use of antiaggregant up to 9%, and in suboptimal control up to 30%, as well as an increase in control from primary health care up to 69.2% and of the penetrance of direct oral anticoagulants up to 28%. (4) Conclusions: In conclusion, the application of activities aimed at optimizing the management of oral anticoagulants in health center patients allowed the improvement of risk assessment and registration, undertreatment, use of antiaggregant, suboptimal control of vitamin K antagonists, control by primary health care center, and the penetrance of direct oral anticoagulants.

Posibilidades de intervención sobre el tabaquismo de las gestantes desde Atención Primaria / Possibilities of intervention on smoking habit of pregnant women from Primary Care

OBJETIVO: Reducir la prevalencia del tabaquismo en las gestantes atendidas en su centro de salud. Pacientes y método: La muestra englobó a 81 gestantes sobre las que se realizaron actividades de intervención comunitaria y asistencial. La información se obtuvo de las historias clínicas suplementadas por encuesta estructurada. RESULTADOS: Se registra un 18,1% de tabaquismo activo y un 83% de tabaquismo pasivo. En el embarazo dejan de fumar el 46,2%, reducen un 30,8% y siguen fumando un 23%. En lo concerniente a la intervención clínica, la detección del tabaquismo solo fue previa al embarazo en el 23%. La intervención más frecuente fue el consejo breve 58,4% y realizado por DUE 62,5%. Respecto a las actividades propuestas de intervención comunitaria, un 15% de las embarazadas seguidas en el centro decidió acudir a los talleres y una acudió a consulta antitabaco específica para intervención intensiva. CONCLUSIONES: La gestación brinda una oportunidad de oro en la intervención sobre el tabaquismo desde Atención Primaria. Sin embargo, existe un empleo deficiente de las herramientas clínicas disponibles en nuestro sistema y una escasa respuesta a las actividades propuestas. Esto nos conduce a plantear la necesidad de una intervención proactiva sobre el tabaquismo de la gestante

OBJECTIVE: Reduce the prevalence of smoking in pregnant women seen in their health care site. Patients and method. The simple includes 81 pregnant women on whom Community and care activities were conducted. The information was obtained from the clinical histories supplemented by structured survey. RESULTS: A total of 18.1% of active smoking and 83% of passive smoking were registered. In pregnancy, 46.2% stopped smoking, 30.8% reduced smoking and 23% continued to smoke. In regards to the clinical intervention, detection of smoking was only prior to pregnancy in 23%. The most frequent intervention was brief advice in 58.4% and by Nurses in 62.5%. Regarding the Community intervention activities proposed, 15% of the pregnant women followed in the site went to workshops and to a specific anti-smoking visit for intensive intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Pregnancy offers a Golden opportunity in the intervention on the smoking habit from Primary Care. However, there is deficient use of the available clinical tools in our system and limited response to the activities proposed. This leads us to consider the need for a proactive intervention on smoking habit in pregnancy