Clinical interventions for caries management through minimal intervention procedures in young children: an updated evidence-based review.

This review aimed to summarize the preventive, non-restorative and restorative minimal intervention dentistry (MID) interventions for managing dental caries during the primary dentition stage, after selecting the highest quality evidence. A comprehensive literature search for relevant studies was performed in PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar, published between 2007 and 2022. Only clinical randomized controlled trials, clinical guidelines with literature review, systematic reviews and meta-analyses conducted in the primary dentition were included. One hundred fifty-three MID-associated references were found, and 63 of them were considered for the present review. Of these, 24 were clinical randomized controlled trials, 21 were systematic reviews, 3 umbrella reviews and 11 practice guidelines with a literature review. The retrieved evidence was divided into (and discussed) three general caries management strategies: (i) carious lesion diagnosis and individual risk assessment; (ii) preventive measurements and non-cavitated lesions management; and (iii) cavitated lesions management. MID is an attractive alternative management that promotes prevention rather than intervention to achieve a long-lasting oral health in young children through easy and cost-benefit preventive, non-invasive, minimally invasive or conservative invasive restorative measures. This philosophy of management is suitable for treating young children, considered friendlier and less anxiety-provoking than traditional methods.

Comparative Analysis of the Chloroplast Genomes of Quercus × morehus and the Presumptive Parents Q. wislizeni and Q. kelloggii (Fagaceae) from California.

Here, we present the complete chloroplast genomes of Quercus × morehus, Q. wislizeni, and Q. kelloggii from California. The genomes are 161,119 to 161,130 bp and encode 132 genes. Quercus × morehus and Q. wislizeni are identical in sequence but differ from Q. kelloggii by three indels and eight SNPs.

Mucocutaneous Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and incurable disease, of unknown etiology, associated with an unregulated immune response to environmental triggers in a genetically predisposed host. IBD affects mainly the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and includes Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). However, a large percentage of patients may present with extraintestinal manifestations, including mucocutaneous ones (which are the most common) and dermatologic findings, such as erythema nodosum, pyoderma gangrenosum, and aphthous stomatitis (which are the most frequently occurring). According to pathophysiologic mechanisms, mucocutaneous manifestations of IBD are classified into five categories, namely, specific manifestations, associated manifestations, reactive manifestations, adverse effects of IBD therapy, and malabsorption manifestations. Recognizing such manifestations should not be performed only by a dermatologist but also other specialties such as internal medicine, gastroenterology, among others. This is because these manifestations can present before the IBD diagnosis, even in the absence of GI symptoms. Therefore, these skin lesions could be a fundamental tool for the earlier diagnosis of IBD. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the most common cutaneous manifestations of IBD with a focus on their epidemiology, diagnostic criteria, clinical presentation, and available medical treatment.

Validity and reliability of the kiddie schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia present and lifetime version DSM-5 (K-SADS-PL-5) Spanish version.

BACKGROUND: There are various language adaptations of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL). In order to comply with the changes in DSM classification, the Spanish edition of the interview was in need of update and evaluation. METHODS: K-SADS-PL was adapted to correspond to DSM-5 categories. All clinicians received training, and a 90% agreement was reached. Patients and their parents or guardians were interviewed and videotaped, and the videos were exchanged between raters. Factor analysis was performed and inter-rater reliability was calculated only in the case of diagnoses in which there were more than five patients. RESULTS: A total of 74 subjects were included. The Factor Analysis yielded six factors (Depressive, Stress Hyperarousal, Disruptive Behavioral, Irritable Explosive, Obsessive Repetitive and Encopresis), representing 72% of the variance. Kappa values for inter-rater agreement were larger than 0.7 for over half of the disorders. CONCLUSIONS: The factor structure of diagnoses, made with the instrument was found to correspond to the DSM-5 disorder organization. The instrument showed good construct validity and inter-rater reliability, which makes it a useful tool for clinical research studies in children and adolescents.

Oral mucosa: an alternative epidermic cell source to develop autologous dermal-epidermal substitutes from diabetic subjects.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to obtain autologous dermal-epidermal skin substitutes from oral mucosa from diabetic subjects as a first step towards a possible clinical application for cases of diabetic foot. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Oral mucosa was obtained from diabetic and healthy subjects (n=20 per group). Epidermal cells were isolated and cultured using autologous fibrin to develop dermal-epidermal in vitro substitutes by the air-liquid technique with autologous human serum as a supplement media. Substitutes were immunocharacterized with collagen IV and cytokeratin 5-14 as specific markers. A Student´s t- test was performed to assess the differences between both groups. RESULTS: It was possible to isolate epidermal cells from the oral mucosa of diabetic and healthy subjects and develop autologous dermal-epidermal skin substitutes using autologous serum as a supplement. Differences in the expression of specific markers were observed and the cytokeratin 5-14 expression was lower in the diabetic substitutes, and the collagen IV expression was higher in the diabetic substitutes when compared with the healthy group, showing a significant difference. CONCLUSION: Cells from oral mucosa could be an alternative and less invasive source for skin substitutes and wound healing. A difference in collagen production of diabetic cells suggests diabetic substitutes could improve diabetic wound healing. More research is needed to determine the crosstalk between components of these skin substitutes and damaged tissues.

Oral mucosa: an alternative epidermic cell source to develop autologous dermal-epidermal substitutes from diabetic subjects

Abstract Oral mucosa has been highlighted as a suitable source of epidermal cells due to its intrinsic characteristics such as its higher proliferation rate and its obtainability. Diabetic ulcers have a worldwide prevalence that is variable (1%-11%), meanwhile treatment of this has been proven ineffective. Tissue-engineered skin plays an important role in wound care focusing on strategies such autologous dermal-epidermal substitutes. Objective The aim of this study was to obtain autologous dermal-epidermal skin substitutes from oral mucosa from diabetic subjects as a first step towards a possible clinical application for cases of diabetic foot. Material and Methods Oral mucosa was obtained from diabetic and healthy subjects (n=20 per group). Epidermal cells were isolated and cultured using autologous fibrin to develop dermal-epidermal in vitro substitutes by the air-liquid technique with autologous human serum as a supplement media. Substitutes were immunocharacterized with collagen IV and cytokeratin 5-14 as specific markers. A Student´s t- test was performed to assess the differences between both groups. Results It was possible to isolate epidermal cells from the oral mucosa of diabetic and healthy subjects and develop autologous dermal-epidermal skin substitutes using autologous serum as a supplement. Differences in the expression of specific markers were observed and the cytokeratin 5-14 expression was lower in the diabetic substitutes, and the collagen IV expression was higher in the diabetic substitutes when compared with the healthy group, showing a significant difference. Conclusion Cells from oral mucosa could be an alternative and less invasive source for skin substitutes and wound healing. A difference in collagen production of diabetic cells suggests diabetic substitutes could improve diabetic wound healing. More research is needed to determine the crosstalk between components of these skin substitutes and damaged tissues.

Reporting quality of papers published in Chilean dental journals: evaluation period: 2002-2012 / Calidad del reporte de los artículos de las revistas odontológicas chilenas: evaluación del periodo2002-2012

To assess the reporting quality of papers published between 2002-2012 in Chilean dental journals. Methods: Bibliometric analysis of research papers published in indexed Chilean dental journals between 2002-2012. Three calibrated examinators (interoperator- Kappa=.83) assessed 205 papers: 150 case-reports, 37 observational studies and 18 clinical trials. Reporting quality was evaluated using CARE for case reports, STROBE for observational studies and CONSORT for clinical trials. Descriptive statistics were conducted. Results: Case-reports reported 35 percent of the required methodological items; epidemiological research reported 16 percent of required items for Materials and Methods and 10 percent for Results. Clinical research reported 29 percent of required Materials and Methods items and 20 percent of Results items. Conclusion: Case-report, epidemiological and clinician research papers in Chilean dental journals published during the 2002 2012 period are lacking explicit key methodological items, preventing a proper research replication or clinical application of the results...

Evaluar la calidad del reporte de estudios descriptivos, clínicos y reportes de casos publicados enrevistas del área odontológicas chilenas en el periodo 2002-2012. Método: Análisis bibliométrico de las publicaciones en revistas dentales chilenas indizadas del 2002 al 2012. Tres evaluadores calibrados (Kappa intraoperadores=.83) evaluaron205 artículos: 150 reportes de casos, 37 estudios observacionales y 18 ensayos clínicos. La calidad del reporte seevaluó utilizando las pautas CARE para reportes de caso, STROBE para estudios observacionales y CONSORT paraensayos clínicos. Resultados: Los porcentajes de cumplimiento para los aspectos metodológicos por diseño fueron de 35 por ciento para los elementos requeridos en el reporte de caso, del 16 por ciento y 29 por ciento para los materiales y métodos de los estudios observacionales y clínicos; y 10 por ciento y 20 por ciento para los resultados de los estudios observacionales y clínicos. Conclusión: Los artículos del tipo reportes de caso, estudios observacionales y clínicos publicados en revistas del área odontológica chilenas en el período 2002-2012 carecen del informe de elementos básicos del diseño y resultados, lo que dificulta su replicabilidad así como su aplicación clínica...

Perfil bibliométrico de revistas odontológicas de Chile del período 2002-2012 / Bibliometric profile of Chilean dental journals during the 2002-2012 period

OBJETIVO: Describir los principales indicadores bibliométricos de las revistas odontológicas chilenas durante el período 2002-2012. MATERIALES Y MÉTODO: Estudio bibliométrico. Se revisaron manualmente las bibliotecas de las 3 facultades de Odontología más antiguas de Chile para recuperar todas las publicaciones periódicas de revistas odontológicas chilenas durante los años 2002-2012 publicadas por universidades o sociedades profesionales. Adicionalmente, se buscó en bases de datos en línea. RESULTADOS: Se encontraron 7 revistas periódicas odontológicas en el período 2002-2012, que publicaron en total 827 artículos, con una tendencia al alza en el tiempo. Las revistas con mayor cantidad de artículos fueron Int J Odontostomatol (225), Rev Dent Chile (185) y Rev Clin Periodoncia Implantol Rehabil Oral (145). Las instituciones con mayor número de autores son la Universidad de Chile (702), la Universidad de Valparaíso (179) y la Universidad de La Frontera (160). Las palabras clave más utilizadas fueron enfermedad periodontal, caries e implante dental. CONCLUSIÓN: Se observó un aumento en el número de revistas, cantidad de artículos, autores e instituciones que publican en revistas periódicas chilenas. Futuros estudios deberían enfocarse en el tipo y calidad de la evidencia publicada en revistas odontológicas chilenas, y evaluar el impacto que tendría la indización en bases de datos internacionales

AIM: Describe the main bibliometric indicators of chilean peer-reviewed dental journals for the 2002-2012 period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bibliometric study. The three oldest dentistry schools' libraries were manually checked in order to gather all the numbers of chilean dental journals from the 2002-2012 period, published by Universities or professional societies. Also, online databases were researched. RESULTS: There were 7 periodical chilean dental journals during the 2002-2012 period, which published a total of 827 articles. The journals with the most published articles were Int J Odontostomatol (225), Rev Dent Chile (185) and Rev. Clin. Periodoncia Implantol. Rehabil. Oral (145). The most used keywords were periodontal disease, cavity, and dental implant. The institutions with most authors were Universidad de Chile (702), Universidad de Valparaíso (179) and Universidad de La Frontera (160). CONCLUSION: There is an increase in the quantity of journals, number of articles, authors and institutions who publish in periodical chilean peer-reviewed dental journals. Future research should focus on research design, and quality of the evidence published in those journals, and evaluate what kind of impact indexation in international databases would have

Increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with acne inversa.

BACKGROUND: Acne inversa (AI; also designated as Hidradenitis suppurativa) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease, localized in the axillary, inguinal and perianal skin areas that causes painful, fistulating sinuses with malodorous purulence and scars. Several chronic inflammatory diseases are associated with the metabolic syndrome and its consequences including arteriosclerosis, coronary heart disease, myocardial infraction, and stroke. So far, the association of AI with systemic metabolic alterations is largely unexplored. METHODS AND FINDINGS: A hospital-based case-control study in 80 AI patients and 100 age- and sex-matched control participants was carried out. The prevalence of central obesity (odds ratio 5.88), hypertriglyceridemia (odds ratio 2.24), hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia (odds ratio 4.56), and hyperglycemia (odds ratio 4.09) in AI patients was significantly higher than in controls. Furthermore, the metabolic syndrome, previously defined as the presence of at least three of the five alterations listed above, was more common in those patients compared to controls (40.0% versus 13.0%; odds ratio 4.46, 95% confidence interval 2.02 to 9.96; P<0.001). AI patients with metabolic syndrome also had more pronounced metabolic alterations than controls with metabolic syndrome. Interestingly, there was no correlation between the severity or duration of the disease and the levels of respective parameters or the number of criteria defining the metabolic syndrome. Rather, the metabolic syndrome was observed in a disproportionately high percentage of young AI patients. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows for the first time that AI patients have a high prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and all of its criteria. It further suggests that the inflammation present in AI patients does not have a major impact on the development of metabolic alterations. Instead, evidence is given for a role of metabolic alterations in the development of AI. We recommend monitoring of AI patients in order to correct their modifiable cardiovascular risk factors.

Development of a three-dimensional tissue construct from dental human ectomesenchymal stem cells: in vitro and in vivo study.

Application of regenerative medicine technology provides treatment for patients with several clinical problems, like loss of tissue and its function. The investigation of biological tooth replacement, dental tissue engineering and cell culture, scaffolds and growth factors are considered essential. Currently, studies reported on the making of threedimensional tissue constructs focused on the use of animal cells in the early stages of embryogenesis applied to young biomodels. The purpose of this study was the development and characterization of a three-dimensional tissue construct from human dental cells. The construct was detached, cultured and characterized in mesenchymal and epithelial cells of a human tooth germ of a 12 year old patient. The cells were characterized by specific membrane markers (STRO1, CD44), making a biocomplex using Pura Matrix as a scaffold, and it was incubated for four days and transplanted into 30 adult immunosuppressed male Wistar rats. They were evaluated at 6 days, 10 days and 2 months, obtaining histological sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Cell cultures were positive for specific membrane markers, showing evident deviations in morphology under phase contrast microscope. Differentiation and organization were noted at 10 days, while the constructs at 2 months showed a clear difference in morphology, organization and cell type. It was possible to obtain a three-dimensional tissue construct from human dental ectomesenchymal cells achieving a degree of tissue organization that corresponds to the presence of cellular stratification and extracellular matrix.

Enfermedad bipolar en la mujer en edad fértil / Bipolar disease in women during fertile age

Durante la adolescencia, la mujer se hace particularmente vulnerable a los trastornos del ánimo, estimándose que un 20 por ciento de las mujeres entre 15 y 24 anos desarrollan un episodio depresivo mayor, el doble de lo observado en el sexo masculino. Las enfermedades del ánimo de inicio temprano en la vida, se asocian con un curso más severo y ominoso; estando las mujeres más expuestas a presentar enfermedades médicas como trastornos tiroideos y obesidad, abuso de sustancias, trastornos de ansiedad y de la alimentación, entre las patologías psiquiátricas. Particularmente la enfermedad bipolar por su curso tórpido, físico, recurrente e imprevisible, precisa de una intervención precoz y sostenida a lo largo del tiempo, que tenga como objetivo próximo alcanzar y mantener la eutimia y lograr que cuando la joven tome la decisión de embarazarse pueda hacerlo con el menor riesgo posible de recidiva. Se presenta una revisión de los fármacos mas utilizados como parte del arsenal terapéutico de la enfermedad bipolar, con diversas consideraciones relacionadas al embarazo, parto y lactancia...