[Comparative evaluation of Russian and foreign methods of off-gas testing of polymer materials]. / Sravnitel'naia otsenka rossiiskogo i zarubezhnogo metodov ispytanii polimernykh materialov na gazovydelenie.

Comparative evaluation of Russian and foreign (NASA/USA) off-gas tests for polymers proposed for use onboard the NASA space vehicles was fulfilled with a polymer hardware model. Qualitative and quantitative composition of gases emitted in the model was determined with the gas-chromatographic technique. Data of the evaluation allow the suggestion that informational capacity of the NASA technique is insufficient for making conclusions on suitability of a polymer or a device for long-operating manned vehicles. Discussed are the options for development of a short-cut test method that might combine desirable characteristics of the methods practiced in two countries.

[The ultrastructure of the hepatocyte contacts in inbred mice at different ages]. / Ul'trastruktura kontaktov gepatotsitov myshei inbrednykh linii v raznom vozraste.

Correlation was revealed between the ultrastructure of hepatocyte contacts and force F, essential for the rupture of the junction between the cell, seized with a microneedle, and the tissue specimen, in mice of the highly cancerous CBA line and of the low cancerous C57BL line at the age of 1.7 and 15 months. The most considerable ultrastructural differences in the cell contacts were found in the above mice at the age of 1 month, when the signs of carcinogenic process cannot yet been seen. It is shown that the differences in force F of these mice are not associated with the structural changes in hepatocyte contacts which may be due to the differences in durability properties of the cytoskeleton.

[Status of cell surface of hepatocytes after exposure to carbon tetrachloride]. / Sostoianie kletochnoi poverkhnosti gepatotsitov pri deistvii chetyrekhkhloristogo ugleroda.

In order to estimate contact interactions and deformity of the surface of hepatocytes at a toxic hepatitis, produced by means of carbon tetrachloride, a morphometric analysis of ultrastructures of the contacts and retractions of the surface of hepatocytes, formed at an increased intraorganic pressure has been performed. Carbon tetrachloride produces decrease in adhesive interactions of the cellular surfaces in the area of simple connections, decrease in amount of desmosomes and results in increasing deformity of the surface of hepatocytes. These data support that there exists a universal reaction of the intercellular contacts to a damaging action.

[Toxicological evaluation of health risk of local fire in a closed environment]. / Otsenka toksikologicheskoi opasnosti lokal'nogo pozhara v germopomeshchenii.

Local fire in an enclosed environment was simulated, and the composition and toxicity of compounds outgassed by the polymers were investigated. Highly toxic compounds, e.g. prussic acid, carbon monoxide, benzene, nitrogen oxides, formaldehyde, were identified. The toxic hazard of the products depended on the mass and chemical composition of the burnt materials, time of exposure and enclosure volume. In the case of a local fire the enclosed atmosphere should be monitored by rapid diagnostic methods using indicator tubes.

[Treatment of patients with infection-dependent bronchial asthma by conservative pulsed irrigation of the bronchi in fiber bronchoscopy with intal and heparin solutions]. / Lechenie bol'nykh infektsionno-zavisimoi bronkhial'noi astmoi shchadiashchim impul'snym orosheniem bronkhov pri bronkhofibroskopii rastvorami intala i geparina.

The authors presented the results of treatment of 115 patients with infection-dependent bronchial asthma. The most noticeable effect was observed in the patients on combined therapy including impulse irrigation of the bronchi (during sparing fibrobronchoscopy) with intal and heparin solutions as compared to the controls receiving this procedure with heparin solution (without intal) and a group of patients who had received intal inhalation by a routine method. A positive therapeutic effect was observed earlier in the patients receiving therapeutic bronchofibroscopy with heparin solution than in patients whose combined therapy included bronchoscopic sanation with nitrofurazone solution. The efficacy of the use of impulse irrigation of the bronchi (in sparing fibrobronchoscopy) with intal and heparin solutions in infection-dependent bronchial asthma was emphasized by the authors.

[Mechanical properties of the intercellular contacts of hepatocytes of inbred strains of mice and mice predisposed to spontaneous hepatomas]. / Mekhanicheskie svoistva mezhkletochnykh kontaktov gepatotsitov u myshei inbrednykh linii i predraspolozhennost' k spontannym gepatomam.

The adhesiveness of hepatocytes was evaluated in 7 inbred mice and compared to the reported data on the incidence of spontaneous hepatomas. The adhesiveness was shown to be significantly less in mice predisposed to spontaneous hepatomas as compared to more resistant species. Electron microscopy revealed the presence of little and highly adhesive areas (HAA) in nonspecialized regions of hepatocytic contacts, this presence being shown by elevated (20-30 mm Hg) hydrostatic pressure in the liver blood bed. The amount and mechanical strength of HAA was less in CBA mice predisposed to spontaneous hepatomas as compared to resistant C57B1 mice, and correlated with cell adhesiveness.

[Effect of hepatic adhesion factor, contactin, on the mechanical properties of ultrastructural elements of hepatocyte contact]. / Vliianie adgezionnogo faktora pecheni--kontaktina na mekhanicheskie svoistva ul'trastrukturnykh élementov kontakta gepatotsitov.

Injection of isotonic fluid under heightened pressure 20--30 mm of Hg into the bed of the liver reveals inhomogeneity of the mechanical properties of the simple junction of heptacytes: the zone where the divergence of the contact surfaces is observed is interrupted by highly adhesive regions (HAR) where the normal distance between the membranes is preserved. The adhesive factor acts as an organizer of the inhomogeneity of the simple junction: when it is introduced in vivo, new HAR appear in the simple junction. On account of contact-tropic activity of adhesive factor we termed it--contactin.