[Irregular breathing during the cardiopulmonary exercise test - from mildly irregular breathing pattern to periodic breathing of oscillatory ventilation type]. / Nepravidelnosti dýchání pri spiroergometrickém vysetrení - od mírné nepravidelnosti dechového vzoru az po periodické dýchání typu oscilující ventilace.

The fluctuating course of tidal volume (VT), breathing frequency (DF) and minute ventilation (VE) during the cardio-pulmonary exercise test using a ramp incremental protocol occurs not only in patients, but relatively frequently also in healthy individuals. It can account for a number of irregularities in the course of the curves VO2, VCO2 and in particular of those of ventilatory equivalents for O2 and CO2 (EQO2, EQCO2) as well as curves of partial pressure of end-tidal oxygen and partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide (PETO2, PETCO2), which are also used, inter alia, to establish ventilatory thresholds. The presence of exercise oscillatory ventilation (EOV) reflects the severity of heart failure and it is an independent predictor of the increased morbidity, cardiac and total mortality and sudden death caused by heart failure. However there is not a generally accepted universal definition of EOV available at present, as different criteria are used. We have not found a comparison which would indicate whether and how the "strength" of the prognostic criteria for EOV - established according to different methods - differs. Therefore it is very important to specify what method, or what criteria were used in the establishment of EOV.Key words: breathing pattern - EOV - exercise oscillatory ventilation - periodic breathing.

[An assessment of VO2 kinetics in the recovery phase of cardiopulmonary exercise test in patients with heart disease - importance and classification]. / Vyhodnocení kinetiky VO2 v zotavovací fázi spiroergometrického vysetrení u kardiologicky nemocných - význam a klasifikace.

The article reviews the course of VO2 in the phase of recovery kinetics of oxygen uptake (VO2rec) cardiopulmonary exercise test. VO2rec kinetics cannot be completely defined using a single parameter. The article describes the three most frequently used methods: %VO2-REC2, T1/2 VO2rec and TC VO2, and provides detailed procedures of their analysis. The three aforementioned parameters are also at the heart of our classification of VO2rec. The method %VO2-REC2 is an essential one, in our view, since its prognostic significance is proven and it can be also easily applied only based on a data record of the cardiopulmonary exercise test. %VO2-REC2 should be seen, together with VO2peak, VE/VCO2 slope and exercise oscillatory ventilation (EOV) - as one of the four elementary prognostic markers establishing an advanced chronic heart failure.Key words: cardiopulmonary exercise test - chronic heart failure - prognosis - recovery kinetics of oxygen uptake.