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1.
Contemp Clin Trials ; 136: 107389, 2024 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37972753

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Terminally ill patients experience high symptom burden at the end of life (EoL), even when receiving hospice care. In the U.S., family caregivers play a critical role in managing symptoms experienced by patients receiving home hospice services. Yet, most caregivers don't receive sufficient support or formal training in symptom management. Therefore, providing additional visits and education to caregivers could potentially improve outcomes for both patient and caregiver. In response, we developed the Improving Home hospice Management of End-of-life issues through technology (I-HoME) intervention, a program designed for family caregivers of home hospice patients. This paper describes the intervention, study design, and protocol used to evaluate the intervention. METHODS: The I-HoME study is a pilot randomized controlled trial aimed at reducing patient symptom burden through weekly tele-visits and education videos to benefit the patient's family caregiver. One hundred caregivers will be randomized to hospice care with (n = 50) or without (n = 50) the I-HoME intervention. Primary outcomes include intervention feasibility (e.g., accrual, attrition, use of the intervention) and acceptability (e.g., caregivers' comfort accessing the tele-visits and satisfaction). We will also examine preliminary efficacy using validated patient symptom burden and caregiver outcome measures (i.e., burden, depression, anxiety, satisfaction). CONCLUSION: The trial is evaluating a novel symptom management intervention that supports caregivers of patients receiving home hospice services. The intervention employs a multi-pronged approach that provides needed services at a time when close contact and support is crucial. This research could lead to advances in how care gets delivered in the home hospice setting.


Subject(s)
Home Care Services , Hospice Care , Humans , Caregivers/education , Feasibility Studies , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
2.
Thyroid ; 30(5): 704-712, 2020 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31910118

ABSTRACT

Background: Although most thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology are benign, in most of the world, surgery remains as the most frequent diagnostic approach. We have previously reported a 10-gene thyroid genetic classifier, which accurately predicts benign thyroid nodules. The assay is a prototype diagnostic kit suitable for reference laboratory testing and could potentially avoid unnecessary diagnostic surgery in patients with indeterminate thyroid cytology. Methods: Classifier performance was tested in two independent, ethnically diverse, prospective multicenter trials (TGCT-1/Chile and TGCT-2/USA). A total of 4061 fine-needle aspirations were collected from 15 institutions, of which 897 (22%) were called indeterminate. The clinical site was blind to the classifier score and the clinical laboratory blind to the pathology report. A matched surgical pathology and valid classifier score was available for 270 samples. Results: Cohorts showed significant differences, including (i) clinical site patient source (academic, 43% and 97% for TGCT-1 and -2, respectively); (ii) ethnic diversity, with a greater proportion of the Hispanic population (40% vs. 3%) for TGCT-1 and a greater proportion of African American (11% vs. 0%) and Asian (10% vs. 1%) populations for TGCT-2; and (iii) tumor size (mean of 1.7 and 2.5 cm for TGCT-1 and -2, respectively). Overall, there were no differences in the histopathological profile between cohorts. Forty-one of 155 and 45 of 115 nodules were malignant (cancer prevalence of 26% and 39% for TGCT-1 and -2, respectively). The classifier predicted 37 of 41 and 41 of 45 malignant nodules, yielding a sensitivity of 90% [95% confidence interval; CI 77-97] and 91% [95% CI 79-98] for TGCT-1 and -2, respectively. One hundred one of 114 and 61 of 70 nodules were correctly predicted as benign, yielding a specificity of 89% [95% CI 82-94] and 87% [95% CI 77-94], respectively. The negative predictive values for TGCT-1 and TGCT-2 were 96% and 94%, respectively, whereas the positive predictive values were 74% and 82%, respectively. The overall accuracy for both cohorts was 89%. Conclusions: Clinical validation of the classifier demonstrates equivalent performance in two independent and ethnically diverse cohorts, accurately predicting benign thyroid nodules that can undergo surveillance as an alternative to diagnostic surgery.


Subject(s)
Thyroid Gland/pathology , Thyroid Neoplasms/genetics , Thyroid Nodule/genetics , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Biopsy, Fine-Needle , Cytodiagnosis , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology , Thyroid Nodule/pathology , Young Adult
3.
Rev. chil. endocrinol. diabetes ; 10(4): 157-159, oct. 2017. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-999054

ABSTRACT

Anaplastic thyroid cancer is an uncommon malignant tumor, usually fatal, primarily affecting older adults and doesn't have effective systemic therapy. The median survival is less than 6 months from diagnosis. Brain metastases are low frequency and reach 18 percent. We present the case of a patient with papillary carcinoma of the thyroid who takes an aggressive form, becoming anaplastic carcinoma, with involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) manifested by paralysis of the cranial nerve IV, which is rare clinical condition.


Subject(s)
Humans , Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis , Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic/diagnosis , Thyroidectomy , Biopsy , Thyroid Neoplasms/surgery , Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology , Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Fatal Outcome , Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis/etiology , Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic/surgery , Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic/pathology , Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic/diagnostic imaging
4.
Rev. chil. endocrinol. diabetes ; 10(3): 103-106, jul. 2017. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-998990

ABSTRACT

The lingual thyroid carcinoma is very uncommon neoplasia with an incidence of less than 1 percent. The papillary variant is the most frequent. Cervical MRI helps differentiate muscle from thyroid tissue. The definitive diagnosis is given by histology. Management is similar to that of orthotopic thyroid cancer. We present the case of a 23-year-old woman with hypothyroidism undergoing treatment with dysphagia and sensation of pharyngeal foreign body and malodorous oral bleeding. Nasopharyngoscopy showed a rounded mass at the base of the tongue; the biopsy was compatible with thyroid neoplasia. Image study with ultrasound confirms empty thyroid bed with presence of lingual ectopic thyroid. The team of surgeons performed surgery with Trotter Technique, they removed a tumor of 4 centimeters of diameter. The definitive biopsy concludes minimally invasive follicular carcinoma. The treatment was completed with 100 mCi of radioiodine. Systemic screening at 7 days was negative, as the post-operative thyroglobulin (Tg)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Young Adult , Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis , Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology , Tongue Neoplasms/diagnosis , Tongue Neoplasms/pathology , Carcinoma, Papillary, Follicular/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Papillary, Follicular/pathology , Thyroid Neoplasms/surgery , Tongue Neoplasms/surgery , Carcinoma, Papillary, Follicular/surgery , Lingual Thyroid
5.
Rev. peru. otorrinolaringol. cir. facial ; 29(1): 47-49, jun. 2005. ilus
Article in Spanish | LIPECS | ID: biblio-1111897

ABSTRACT

En el presente artículo pretendemos mostrar el caso clínico de una paciente quien presenta dolor retroauricular izquierdo con una evolución de dos meses. El resultado del estudio clínico nos conduce, a evidenciar en la tomografía axial computarizada de oídos con cortes axiales y coronales la presencia de una tumoración de fosa posterior lado izquierdo. El colesteatoma congénito es una patología de presentación rara e infrecuente y es por esta razón que queremos mostrar este caso para la comunidad médica y Otorrinolaringología.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Epidermal Cyst/congenital , Cholesteatoma/congenital , Brain Neoplasms/congenital
7.
Salus militiae ; 23(1): 32-8, ene.-jul. 1998. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-228299

ABSTRACT

El presente estudio se realiza en el Hospital Militar "Dr. Carlos Arvelo", siendo una proposición para el diagnóstico de los diferentes procesos que se involucran en el espacio pleural, y de particular manera en aquellos casos en donde la posibilidad de malignidad es sospechada por el médico, pero los procedimientos actuales de toma muestral resultan infructuosos para confirmar la malignidad del mismo por el patólogo; en algunos casos por lo insuficiente de la muestra y en otros que por ser procedimientos a ciegas y por lo tanto en donde el hecho fortuito interviene, la muestra es de tejido sano y así mismo en aquellos casos donde las condiciones del paciente limitan la posibilidad que el cirujano de tórax no tome una muestra considerable por medio de una toracotomía. Es el procedimiento por medio de un fibroendoscopio y su paso a la cavidad torácica por medio de un troquer de Oshner, una alternativa válida en aquellos casos donde fracasa la biopsia pleural con aguja de Abrams y las condiciones del paciente impidan la toma de la muestra de manera directa del punto de la lesión sospechosa. El estudio es de carácter descriptivo, prospectivo, para 15 pacientes con derrame pleural unilateral o bilateral, con procedimiento de biopsia previa no concluyentes además de drenaje torácico permanente. Se analizara su efectividad, morbilidad, complicaciones y efectividad diagnóstica del método al compararlo con otros métodos. Como se plantea con la biopsia pleural y la Toracotomía, con la finalidad de valorar riesgo, eficacia y utilidad al poder compararlos entre sí


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Pleural Effusion/classification , Pleural Effusion/diagnosis , Pleural Effusion/therapy , Biopsy, Needle , Neoplasms, Second Primary/diagnosis , Endoscopy , Thorax/anatomy & histology
8.
Salus militiae ; 21(1/2): 23-28, ene.-dic. 1996. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-324168

ABSTRACT

Distintos estudios han demostrado los efectos negativos sobre los parámetros ventilatorios del procedimiento de broncofibroscopia (BFC). Durante los años 1994 y 1995, a 30 pacientes escogidos al azar se les practicó el respectivo estudio en la Unidad de BFC. Se dividieron al azar en 3 grupos de características similares. Previo a la BFC fueron nebulizados por 5 minutos con 5 cc de salbutamol (primer grupo), 5 cc de lidocaína al 2 por ciento (segunso grupo) y 5 cc de solución isotónica (tercer grupo). Previo al procedimiento se descartó la presencia de patología obstructiva de vías aéreas inferiores idiosincracia a las drogas, hipertensión arterial, enfermedades cardiovasculares y tiroiditis. Se solicitó el consentimiento del paciente a cumplir el estudio. El uso de salbutamol brinda un efecto superior sobre las vías aéreas al de la lidocaína, pero esta última mostró una ganancia significativa sobre la PpO2 posterior a la BFC lo que equivale a mejor utilización del oxígeno y permite recomendar su combinación en la premedicación a BFC


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Nebulizers and Vaporizers , Bronchoscopy , Airway Obstruction/diagnosis , Airway Obstruction/therapy , Venezuela , Health , Medicine
9.
Salus militiae ; 19(1/2): 12-20, ene.-dic. 1994. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-193650

ABSTRACT

El uso de Metrotexate es conocido desde hace mucho tiempo en Oncología Médica, pero solo a partir de los últimos 7 años se han reportado algunos trabajos en el área de la reumatología y de la nefrología para el manejo del paciente esteroide dependiente como un efectivo antiinflamatorio a bajas dosis, por su efecto sobre la quimíotaxis del Neutrófilo, acción en el leucotrieno B4 y C5a, además de ser inhibidor de la interlaukina y de la liberación de histamina. Desde diciembre de 1993 en el servicio de Neumonología y Cirugía de tórax del Hospital Militar Carlos Arvelo, se inició el estudio de el comportamiento de los pacientes sometidos al metrotexate a dosis semanales de 7,5 mgr por períodos de 6 semanas hasta complemetar un total de 6 a 8 ciclos, con el objeto de reducir o eliminar el uso de esteroides en pacientes dependientes al manejar su problema obstructivo de vías aéreas inferiores. De esta manera se puede decir de manera preliminar que el uso del metrotexate a bajas dosis, es efectivo en el paciente esteroide dependiente sin que se presenten cualquiera de los efectos secundarios descritos a altas dosis y a un costo mucho menor que otras técnicas con drogas alternas.


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Anti-Inflammatory Agents , Respiration/drug effects
10.
An. otorrinolaringol. Perú ; 2(3): 128-133, dic. 1991. tab
Article in Spanish | LIPECS | ID: biblio-1105988

ABSTRACT

Es objetivo del presente trabajo: conocer la frecuencia de esta patología en nuestro servicio, la incidencia de acuerdo con la edad y el sexo y la conducta terapéutica en los diferentes tipos de fracturas. Así mismo, las alteraciones de la función nasal en los niños que han sufrido fracturas. Se estudiaron 50 pacientes con fracturas nasales en un espacio de 5 meses y se describe la técnica utilizada con sus resultados.


The objective of this work are: to know how often this pathologyis presented in our departament and also when it ooccurs which age and sex is more affected. We also would like to know which is the best therapeutic for each kind of fractures as welll as the alterations of the nasal function that can take place in children that had a fracture. We treated 50 people with nasal fractures for a period of 5 months. The technique we used for these fractures, as well as the results we obtained with it, is described in the work.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Wounds and Injuries , Nose , Nose/injuries , Prospective Studies , Case Reports
11.
An. otorrinolaringol. Perú ; 2(2): 73-77, ago. 1991. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LIPECS | ID: biblio-1105981

ABSTRACT

Se presentaron 20 casos de fracturas malares en un periodo comprendido antre 1987-1990, atendiendo y tratados en el Hospital Central del Sur, Block B IPSS Arequipa y que representan el 7,7 por ciento del total de traumatismos maxilofaciales. Estas fracturas son más frecuentes en pacientes de sexo masculino (90 por ciento) en edades que fluctúan entre 21 y 30 años (45 por ciento) y en aquellas que proceden de zonas urbanas (80 por ciento). La circunstancias del traumatismo está en relación con los accidentes de tránsito (50 por ciento) y la agresión física (25 por ciento). Los autores utilizan como tratamiento la reducción cruenta y osteosíntesis con alambre quirúrgico asociado a antrotomía maxilar.


There are 20 cases of malar fractures in a period between 1987-1990, attended and treated in the Southerm Central Hospital Block B Arequipa wich represent 7.7 per cent of all maxillary-facial traumatisms. These fractures are more frequent in patients of masculine sex (90 per cent) in ages that fluctuate between 21 and 30 years (45 per cent) and in that they come from urban zones (80 per cent). The circumstances of the traumatism are in relation to the traffic accidents (50 per cent) and the physical aggression (25 per cent). The authors use like treatment the bloody reduction and osteosíntesis with surgical wire associated to antrotomía to maxilar.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Adult , Maxillofacial Injuries , Maxillofacial Injuries/classification , Maxillofacial Injuries/mortality , Zygoma , Case Reports
12.
Salud boliv ; 1(3): 113-4, 1983.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-67074

ABSTRACT

Se presenta un paciente con cuadro de rabia confirmada por medio de examen de laboratorio y cinco casos mas con clinica compatible y de antecedente de agresion por can, a traves de revision retrospectiva del periodo entre 1972 y 1983. Se pretende enfatizando las caracteristicas clinicas, llamar la atencion respecto a la incidencia de esta enfermedad en nuestro medio y, mediante una actualizacion, efectuar un recordatorio de esta enfermedad mortal. Finalmente, se esbozan algunas recomendaciones aplicables a nuestro medio.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Pulmonary Edema , Pulmonary Edema/physiopathology , Bolivia , Altitude/adverse effects
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