Fish consumption during menarche, menstruation, pregnancy and postpartum in Sikuani women from Meta, Colombia.

BACKGROUND: Societies have selected their food for health, cultural, religious, political, economical, and environmental reasons. Most of the food included in Sikuani traditional diet still comes from wild natural resources and involves numerous species of fish, mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, insects, and plants. During certain periods of the Sikuani women's reproductive cycle, fish intake is avoided. The objective of this research is to study the conceptions underlying fish consumption regulations among Sikuani women at the Wacoyo Reservation, in Meta, Colombia. METHODS: We conducted a field study through interviews and participant observation with Sikuani Indigenous from the Wacoyo Reservation (Colombia). We inquired about the conceptions of fish consumption regulation by Sikuani women during the stages of the reproductive cycle. PCA (principal component analysis) was used to identify the most important characteristics of fish that are related to the avoidance of fish intake by Sikuani women during pregnancy. This study combines qualitative and quantitative analysis. RESULTS: It was found that during menarche and postpartum fish consumption is avoided by Sikuani women only before the ritual known as the prayer of the fish is performed. The menstruation does not imply significant regulations for fish intake, while during pregnancy there are multiple and specific avoidances for the consumption of fish. According to our results, there are some features of fish associated with their regulation on the diet of pregnant Sikuani women. The consumption of some fish is avoided during pregnancy because it is related to the appearance of disease caused by ainawi, protector spirits of aquatic animals. CONCLUSIONS: The traditional diet of Sikuani women includes numerous fish species and an important proportion of them are avoided during menarche, menstruation, gestation, and postpartum. According to our results, there are some features of fish associated with their regulation on the diet of pregnant Sikuani women. The main reasons underlying the avoidance of fish consumption by Sikuani women are the prevention of human disease as well as the strengthening of communities and ecosystems resilience.

Anatomo-Functional Correlation between Head Zones and Acupuncture Channels and Points: A Comparative Analysis from the Perspective of Neural Therapy.

Background. Neural therapy and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) are part of complementary and alternative medicine in western world. Both of them share characteristics in diagnosis and therapeutics in search of changes in tenderness, pain, and skin stiffness related to visceral disease, as well as therapeutic procedures with specific stimuli on the skin that generate local, segmental, or remote reactions. Head zones explain segmental viscerocutaneous relations in neural therapy; however, interference fields and remote reactions after infiltration of local anesthetic go beyond this segmental distribution. Methods. This descriptive research required review and analysis of texts of Henry Head and traditional Chinese medicine. Results. Anatomical and functional relationships were found between Head zones in body, and head and neck with 14 acupuncture channels and their points. Anatomical areas of strong correlations were found: Head zones of heart and lung with heart and pericardium channels; Head zones of genitals with bladder and kidney channels. Strong functional relations between all Head zones, channels, and acupoints were found when following the pattern of segmental dermatomes; 235 acupuncture points were found in concordance.

Clasificación por categorías térmicas de las plantas medicinales, en el sistema tradicional de salud de la Comunidad Afrodescendiente de Palenque San Basilio, Bolívar, Colombia / Classification by thermal categories of medicinal plants, in the traditional health system of the Afrodescendant Community of Palenque San Basilio, Bolívar, Colombia

Esta investigación identifica qué variables del entorno, la vegetación y la salud, tienen correlación con la ordenación de las plantas medicinales por temperaturas en Palenque San Basilio; respondiendo tres preguntas centrales: (1) qué aspectos orientan esta clasificación; (2) que implicaciones tiene esta ordenación sobre el uso de las plantas medicinales; y (3) cómo esta vegetación y su clasificación frío-caliente, reflejan relaciones de similitud entre el territorio y el cuerpo humano. Esta clasificación por temperaturas es un sistema complejo, pues encuentra múltiples relaciones con factores del territorio, del uso medicinal, del ser humano y de la vegetación misma. La temperatura de las plantas es condicionada por la temperatura, humedad, cercanía a cuerpos de agua y relieve de los lugares donde habita esta flora, además por su sabor y por la temperatura de las enfermedades que trata o previene. Esta clasificación determina los momentos de uso de las plantas durante el día y el ciclo vital, como también sus métodos de preparación y administración. Este sistema tradicional de salud presenta rasgos del humoralismo, como se evidencia en la consideración de la sangre y la orina como fluidos corporales que reflejan el calor y el frío del territorio y las plantas medicinales.