ABSTRACT
The aim of the present study is to evaluate the oxidative damage in rats of different ages. Weaned rats of 25 g and adults of 300 g were used in groups of 6, a single i.p. dose of morphine sulfate of 3, 6 or 12 mg/kg was administered. All animals were sacrificed to measure GSH and 5-HT levels in brain by liquid chromatography, as well as Na(+), K(+)-ATPase and total ATPase enzymatic activity. 5-HT levels decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in adult animals that received 3 and 6 mg morphine. Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity increased significantly (p < 0.05) in all groups of weaned animals. In adult animals, Na(+), K(+)-ATPase and total ATPase partially diminished. GSH levels diminished significantly (p < 0.05) both in weaned and in adult groups. The results indicate age-induced changes in cellular regulation and biochemical responses to oxidative stress induced by morphine.
Subject(s)
Brain/drug effects , Morphine/pharmacology , Narcotics/pharmacology , Oxidative Stress , Age Factors , Animals , Brain/metabolism , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Glutathione/metabolism , Humans , Male , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Rats, Wistar , Serotonin/metabolism , Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/metabolismSubject(s)
Brain/drug effects , Carbodiimides/pharmacology , Convulsants/pharmacology , Oxidative Stress , Pentylenetetrazole/pharmacology , Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism , Animals , Biomarkers , Brain/enzymology , Brain/metabolism , Male , Nitrates/metabolism , Nitrites/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Serotonin/metabolism , Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/metabolism , Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances/metabolismABSTRACT
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of 4-pregnen-17-hydroxy-3-one (A) and two steroids homologues: 3beta-acetoxy-5,16-pregnadien-20-one (B) and 3beta-acetoxy-16alpha-17alpha-epoxy-4-pregnen-20-one (C). Male Wistar rats were treated with o-cresol combined (A, B or C) steroids. Lipid peroxidation status as result of measurement reactive substances to thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) as well as serotonin (5-HT) and its precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) were measured. The prostate glands were weighed, the 5alpha-reductase activity was determined. The animals treated with A, B, and C steroids showed a slight increase in both 5alpha-reductase activity and prostate size. 5-HT and 5-HTP levels did not change significantly, and TBARS showed an increase in the group treated with B steroid and a decrease in the A steroid group with significant differences in both groups (p<0.05) versus control group. Results suggest that A steroid reduces TBARS in rat brain, perhaps as a result of the interaction between the testosterone unsaturated carbons and OH(-) groups with free radicals.
Subject(s)
Brain/drug effects , Hydroxyprogesterones/pharmacology , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Pregnenediones/pharmacology , Testosterone/pharmacology , 5-Hydroxytryptophan/metabolism , Animals , Brain/metabolism , Cholestenone 5 alpha-Reductase/metabolism , Cresols/pharmacology , Male , Organ Size , Prostate/drug effects , Prostate/metabolism , Prostate/pathology , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Serotonin/metabolism , Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances/analysisABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of cyanamide (CNM) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-), stable metabolites of nitric oxide (NO), serotonin (5-HT), tryptophan (Trp), and lipid peroxidation (TBARS) levels in rat brain. Twenty-four male Wistar rats (350 g) were used, divided in 3 groups of 8 animals each. Control group I received 0.9 % NaCl, CNM (40 mg/kg) was administered to group II, and SNP (20 microg/kg) to group III; all animals received a single intraperitoneal dose. The animals were sacrificed by decapitation and the brain was homogenized to measure the NO2-, NO3-, 5-HT, and Trp levels by liquid chromatography, and TBARS levels by spectrophotometry. NO2- levels significantly increased (p< 0.01) in the CNM group, while 5-HT and TBARS significantly increased (p = 0.001) both in SNP and CNM groups in relation to the control group. Trp levels presented a slight increase in the CNM group with respect to the control group. The results suggest that free radicals (Nitroxyl and NO) generated by CNM and SNP, respectively, are responsible for oxidative stress induced in brain.
