Exposure of Calophyllum antillanum seeds to liquid nitrogen delays seedling emergence and decreases leaf anthraquinones.

BACKGROUND: Trees within the Calophyllum genus are multi-use trees that produce valuable wood, phytochemicals with a range of biological activities, and seed oil as a source of biodiesel. As a consequence of climate change, there is a need to develop strategies to preserve valuable plant genetic resources. Cryopreservation represents the most suitable option for the long-term storage of germplasm with minimal space and maintenance requirements. OBJECTIVE: To determine appropriate methods to cryopreserve seeds of Calophyllum antillanum and maintain secondary compound production. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seeds at a moisture content of 6% were used to evaluate two treatments: seeds immersed in liquid nitrogen and control seeds. Biosynthetic pathway efficiency was assessed post-cryo by determining anthraquinone contents in roots, stems and leaves following 30 and 75 d of seedling growth. RESULTS: The results indicated that exposure to liquid nitrogen delayed germination and seedling emergence for a period of up to 45 d after seed sowing. By 60 d of cultivation, no significant differences in plant growth were observed for cryostored and control seeds. The levels of anthraquinones, which were also measured in seeds and seedlings, were lower in plants regenerated from cryostored seeds following 30 d of growth, but there were no differences in roots and stems by 75 d of growth. Furthermore, the difference in leaf anthraquinone levels for cryopreserved and control seeds at 75 d was much smaller than at 30 d. CONCLUSION: The low initial anthraquinone levels in emerging seedlings correlated with the initial slow growth of cryopreserved seeds.

Cryopreservation of seeds of the highly valued tropical timber species Swietenia mahagoni.

BACKGROUND: Swietenia mahagoni wood is one of the most valuable in world trade and, as a result, natural populations have been decimated due to unsustainable harvesting. The decline in natural population levels is being exacerbated by climate change. In order to ensure the preservation of valuable genotypes, there is an urgent need to develop strategies to conserve the genetic diversity present within this species. At present, cryopreservation is the most viable option for the long-term storage of plant germplasm, particularly for long-lived species which are challenging to maintain in the field. OBJECTIVE: To cryopreserve intact seeds of S. mahagoni, with the dual goal of retaining the biosynthetic capacity of plants, which is critical since this species is highly valued for medicinal purposes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seeds at a moisture content of 6% were immersed in liquid nitrogen (LN) before warming and recovery. Plantlet establishment and growth were assessed over a period of 70 days and anthraquinone synthesis was determined in roots, stems and leaves. RESULTS: The results showed an initial lag in the germination rate of cryopreserved seeds compared with control seeds; however, this difference disappeared over time. The lag in seedling emergence observed in cryostored seeds was also evident in the plant characteristics measured following 30 days of culture when all plant parameters measured were significantly higher in plants produced from control than cryostored seeds. However, after 70 days of growth, these differences were no longer apparent. Anthraquinone levels were also initially lower (at 30 days) in plants regenerated from cryopreserved seeds than those from control seeds, however, this difference was substantially reduced by 70 days thereby indicating the ability of these plants to accumulate secondary metabolites, albeit at a reduced rate, during the early stages of development. CONCLUSION: In S. mahagoni, the delay in anthraquinone production in plants regenerated from cryostored seeds during the early stages of development may have occurred as a consequence of the preferential allocation of resources towards the initiation of recovery processes in response to the stresses imposed by cryopreservation. Once the stresses were overcome and plant growth resumed, resources could be directed to secondary processes such as anthraquinone synthesis. doi.org/10.54680/fr22610110412.

[Ascending aorta-supraceliac++ aorta bypass. Correction of a case of atypical coarctation in the adult]. / By-pass aorta ascendente-aorta supracelíaca: corrección de un caso de coartación atípica en el adulto.

A case of atypic coarctation at the aortic arch in an adult patient is described. Coarctation was surgically treated by a retrosternal bypass from the ascendant aorta to the supra-celiac aorta. After a short prelude the clinical case is summarized. Furthermore, the etiopathogenic features of the disease, the different diagnostic methods and the multiple surgical procedures are discussed. Finally, we briefly review the literature.

[Arteriosclerotic aneurysms isolated from the internal iliac artery]. / Aneurismas arterioesclerosos aislados de la arteria ilíaca interna.

A case of an isolate, symptomatic, atherosclerotic aneurysm of the left internal iliac artery is presented. A review from this very rare type of pathology reveal that clinical symptoms depends on the comprised anatomical structures. Diagnosis was made by rectal or vaginal touch, ultrasonography and CT. The operatoire mortality rate is high when aneurysms are ruptured.

[Vascular diseases masking malignant tumors of soft tissues]. / Procesos vasculares enmascarando tumores malignos de partes blandas.

Two case reports with Myxoid and Pleomorphic varieties of Malign Fibrohistiocytoma are presented. In both cases, the first consult took place in an Angiology and Vascular Surgery Service, because their clinical symptoms were similar in the first case to such produced by the arteriovenous fistulas and in the second case, symptoms remaid to an hematoma secondary to a varicose vein rupture. Such rare and malign tumors often are diagnosed as vascular diseases, and they may be discovered in the usual clinical practice, so its important an accurate recognition as well as an adequate treatment.

[Gigantic aneurysm of the popliteal artery]. / Aneurisma gigante de arteria poplítea.

A giant popliteal aneurysm case, whose first symptom was an acute ischemia on the limb, caused by thrombosis, which was successfully treated, is reported. Although popliteal aneurysm is not a rare event, the interest of this case is focused on its extraordinary size and unique location.

[Popliteal and infrapopliteal vascular injuries. A surgical challenge]. / Traumatismos vasculares poplíteos e infrapoplíteos. Un reto quirúrgico.

Prospective study of 11 patients with lower limbs traumatisms, affecting vessels under Hunter canal. The results of surgical treatment (no prosthesis) are analyzed. In all cases there was bony and/o articular lesion.

[Inflammatory aneurysm of the abdominal aorta. Apropos of a case]. / Aneurismas inflamatorios de aorta abdominal. A propósito de un caso.

The presentation of a case of inflammatory aneurysm in abdominal aorta and its bibliographic revision, makes evident the short knowledge of its etiopathogenesis and the need of TAC for its differential diagnosis and its treatment and correct follow up.