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1.
Rev Salud Publica (Bogota) ; 8(2): 128-40, 2006.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17191597

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Analysing barriers to and opportunities for user involvement as perceived by the social actors involved in implementing Colombian policy regarding social participation in health. METHODS: An exploratory qualitative study was carried out in the Colombian towns of Tuluá and Palmira between 2000 and 2001. There were 10 focus groups having 260 users and leaders. Semi-structured individual interviews were given to health personnel (36) and policy-makers (3). Narrative content, mixed categories and data segmentation by informants and topics were then analysed. RESULTS: Users and leaders considered their own lack of knowledge, apathy and fear of revenge as barriers for participation. However, there were institutional factors such as lack of institutional transparency, limited receptiveness and responsiveness regarding participation. These opinions were shared by policy-makers. Most health personnel identified users' knowledge and attitudes as barriers for participation; few mentioned any institutional barriers such as the behaviour of personnel, institutional opacity and the lack of resources for fostering work in the community. Opportunities for participation were described in terms of suitable and possible scenarios. Users perceived their great ability to achieve change through their direct participation appeared to them as presenting an important opportunity. CONCLUSIONS: Users' and leaders' perceptions of the current barriers and opportunities seemed to show that they are critical of their own reality and constitute important potential actors for becoming key interlocutors with institutions and the state. A similar attitude would be necessary on the part of institutional actors to build a real and permanent participatory culture.


Subject(s)
Administrative Personnel , Community Participation , Health Personnel , Health Policy , Public Health , Colombia , Focus Groups , Humans , Leadership
2.
Rev. salud pública ; 8(2): 128-140, jul. 2006. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-434466

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analizar los obstáculos y oportunidades para la participación percibidos por los actores implicados en la política de participación social en salud en Colombia. MÉTODOS: Estudio cualitativo exploratorio, en los municipios de Tulua y Palmira, entre 2000 y 2001, a través de grupos focales a usuarios y líderes (260); entrevistas individuales semi-estructuradas a personal de salud (36) y formuladores de políticas (3). Se realizó un análisis de contenido, con generación mixta de categorías y segmentación de los datos por informantes y temas. RESULTADOS: Usuarios y líderes identificaron como obstáculos a participar: su falta de conocimiento, apatía y temor a represalias; también, factores institucionales como la falta de claridad, limitada apertura y respuesta institucional en los procesos participativos; opinión que compartían los formuladores de políticas. La mayoría del personal de salud atribuía las barreras a los conocimientos y actitudes de los usuarios; sólo algunos mencionaban barreras institucionales, como el comportamiento del personal, la limitada capacidad o recursos institucionales para impulsar el trabajo comunitario. Las oportunidades para participar eran descritas como escenarios deseados y posibles. La alta capacidad percibida por los usuarios para conseguir cambios a través de su participación surge como importante oportunidad. CONCLUSIONES: Las percepciones de usuarios y líderes sobre las barreras y oportunidades parecen indicar que son actores críticos de su realidad y se constituyen en importante potencial para configurarse en interlocutores clave con las instituciones y el Estado. Una actitud semejante por parte de instituciones sería necesaria para construir una auténtica y duradera cultura participativa.


Subject(s)
Humans , Administrative Personnel , Community Participation , Health Personnel , Health Policy , Public Health , Colombia , Focus Groups , Leadership
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