Ethical conflicts in nursing care in the prison context.

OBJECTIVE: The general objective of the study is to gather the corresponding evidence with the ethical conflicts that may affect penitentiary nurses. METHODS: The methodology used consists methodology used consists in a systematic review of narrative analysis in the mayor data-bases by means of an applied search strategy and critical appraisal skills programme español (CASPe). RESULTS: A total of 167 studies published between 1998 and 2017 were identified, of which 60 met the inclusion criteria. CONCLUSION: The main conclusion is the need for research on the ethical problems related to the treatment of prisoners and on the search for the benefits of the inmates. In addition to the need for a training in ethics for the prison professionals, the identification of the real health-care needs of the prison population, and the collaboration between the prison assistance and the health system.

Conflictos éticos en la atención de enfermería en el contexto penitenciario / Ethical conflicts in nursing care in the prison context

Objetivo: El objetivo general del estudio es reunir la evidencia correspondiente a los conflictos éticos que pueden afectar al cuidado y al rol de las enfermeras penitenciarias. Métodos: La metodología utilizada ha consistido en una revisión sistemática de análisis narrativo de las principales bases de datos mediante una estrategia de búsqueda aplicada y el programa de habilidades en lectura crítica español (CASPe, critical appraisal skills programme español). Resultados: Se identificaron un total de 167 estudios publicados entre 1998 y 2017, de los cuales 60 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Conclusiones: Como conclusión principal destaca la necesidad de investigación en los problemas éticos relacionados con los tratamientos de los presos y sobre la búsqueda de beneficios de los reclusos. De manera adicional, se observa la necesidad de una formación ética de los profesionales penitenciarios, la identificación de las necesidades reales de salud de la población reclusa o la colaboración entre la asistencia penitenciaria y el sistema sanitario

Objective: The general objective of the study is to gather the corresponding evidence with the ethical conflicts that may affect penitentiary nurses. Methods: The methodology used consists methodology used consists in a systematic review of narrative analysis in the mayor data-bases by means of an applied search strategy and critical appraisal skills programme español (CASPe). Results: A total of 167 studies published between 1998 and 2017 were identified, of which 60 met the inclusion criteria. Conclusion: The main conclusion is the need for research on the ethical problems related to the treatment of prisoners and on the search for the benefits of the inmates. In addition to the need for a training in ethics for the prison professionals, the identification of the real health-care needs of the prison population, and the collaboration between the prison assistance and the health system

Identifying consumer's needs of health information technology through an innovative participatory design approach among English- and Spanish-speaking urban older adults.

OBJECTIVES: We describe an innovative community-centered participatory design approach, Consumer-centered Participatory Design (C2PD), and the results of applying C2PD to design and develop a web-based fall prevention system. METHODS: We conducted focus groups and design sessions with English- and Spanish-speaking community-dwelling older adults. Focus group data were summarized and used to inform the context of the design sessions. Descriptive content analysis methods were used to develop categorical descriptions of design session informant's needs related to information technology. RESULTS: The C2PD approach enabled the assessment and identification of informant's needs of health information technology (HIT) that informed the development of a falls prevention system. We learned that our informants needed a system that provides variation in functions/content; differentiates between actionable/non-actionable information/structures; and contains sensory cues that support wide-ranging and complex tasks in a varied, simple, and clear interface to facilitate self-management. CONCLUSIONS: The C2PD approach provides community-based organizations, academic researchers, and commercial entities with a systematic theoretically informed approach to develop HIT innovations. Our community-centered participatory design approach focuses on consumer's technology needs while taking into account core public health functions.

Tratamiento de lesiones hepáticas tumorales con RENIO188- LIPIODOL. Experiencia en Colombia / Treatment of liver cancer injuries with RENIO188- LIPIODOL. Experience in Colombia

Objetivo: Evaluar pacientes con lesiones tumorales hepáticas, no quirúrgicas, a quienes se les administro Renio 188 -Lipiodol vía transarterial, como alternativa terapéutica.Método: Once pacientes con cáncer de hígado no operable se trataron con dosis entre 170 y 4181 MBq de Renio 188 Lipiodol a través de la arteria hepática. Los pacientes fueron evaluados clínicamente, con test hematológicos, de función hepática y TAC hepático periódicamente.Resultados: El tratamiento con Renio 188 Lipiodol fue bien tolerado . Tres pacientes desarrollaron fiebre leve y un paciente Neumonitis Intersticial que resolvió completamente. En el TAC de control siete pacientes evidenciaron reducción significativa del tamaño de la lesión , 1 sin cambios, 1 progresión y 2 no se han evaluado.Conclusiones: Renio 188 Lipiodol es un tratamiento seguro, la técnica de preparación fácilmente reproducible y se constituye en una alternativa terapéutica para este tipo de pacientes.

Estudio teórico de los aductos-malondialdehído formados por la reacción con bases ADN / Theoretical study of the malondialdehyde-adducts formed by reaction with DNA-bases

Malodialdéhido (MDA) es el mayor compuesto carbonílico genotóxico, generado por la peroxidación lipídica y es también un subproducto del metabolismo del ácido araquidónico en la síntesis de prostaglandinas. Se ha mostrado que es mutagénico en bacterias y en células mamarias y cancerigeno en roedores. Es también conocido que el MDA reacciona con DNA para formar aductos deoxiguinosina, dG, deoxiadenosina, dA, and deoxicitosina, dC: M1G, M1A and M1C, respectivamente. En este trabajo presentamos un estudio utilizando la teoría de funcionales de densidad(DFT) de las diversas reacciones de adición nucleofílica, seguidas de eliminación (AN-E) de MDA con dG, dA y dC. Debido a el gran tamaño, la parte ribofuranósida no se ha tenido en cuenta dado que está alejada del centro de la reacción. De esta forma, la guanina, adenina y citosina han sido tomadas como compuestos modelos y sus aductos con MDA han sido calculados con el fin de obtener los perfiles de reacción y la estabilidad de los aductos.Todas las reacciones estudiadas se modelaron en fase gaseosa a 298.15 K y 1 atm. Tomando en cuenta las energías libres de los reactantes y los aductos finales, se observa que las reacciones globales son endergónicas. Se esperaría que el aducto mas abundante sea con citosina y el de menor cantidad con la guanina. No obstante lo anterior, el primer paso de las reacciones presenta una barrera energética baja en la adición de MDA con guanina, indicando que probablemente es el factor cinético el predominante en la formación de este tipo de aductos.

Domestic wastewater treatment in waste stabilization ponds for irrigation in Mendoza, Argentina: policies and challenges.

Arid areas call for imaginative water management solutions to avoid the dangers of water shortages. Growing demands of water for domestic and industrial uses decrease the availability of water for agriculture. It therefore becomes necessary to set up a policy for the use of domestic effluents. For the province of Mendoza, Argentina, with 1,500,000 inhabitants, a master plan was designed as of 1991 for the treatment of domestic effluents and subsequent disposal for irrigation. The guidelines set up by WHO for the use of wastewater in agricultural applications were taken into consideration. At present, the Province of Mendoza has available projects which are either complete, in execution or in the bidding process, entailing secondary treatment capacity with reuse of 320,000 cubic metres/day and an estimated possible irrigation area of 10,000 hectares. With this infrastructure, some strategic lines of action are recommended to establish a policy for the agricultural use of wastewater: (a) to program the use of treated wastewater to avoid discharges to irrigation flows; (b) to develop an institutional scheme for the efficient and safe use of these waters; and (c) develop scientific and technologic know-how to accompany the updated policies.

Dynamics of bioactive luteinizing hormone-human chorionic gonadotropin during the first 7 days of life.

Serum luteinizing hormone-human chorionic gonadotropin bioactivity (B-LH) was measured daily in seven male and four female full-term newborns during the first 7 days of life. The B-LH levels were elevated in both sexes during the 1st day of life; subsequently, values decreased in both sexes. In males, they reached a nadir on the 4th day of life. A gradual secondary rise was then observed with B-LH levels on the 7th day significantly higher than on day 4 (p less than 0.025). By contrast, the B-LH levels in the females continued a gradual decline to levels significantly lower on day 7 as compared to day 4 (p less than 0.05). To determine whether pulsatile B-LH secretion occurs in newborns, serum concentrations were measured every 20 min for 2 h in eight male and seven female full-term neonates on the 7th day of life. Pulsatile secretion of B-LH was detected in six males and six females. This study demonstrates that pulsatility of gonadotropin secretion is characteristic of neonates as early as 7 days of life and that there is a dichotomy between the levels of B-LH in males and females; levels in females decline progressively from day 1 through 7, whereas in males, a nadir is reached on day 4 with a secondary rise developing thereafter. This male sex-specific rise is presumably the drive responsible for the characteristic postnatal increase in testosterone which peaks at 1 to 2 months of age.