Psychological distress among unemployed migrants settling in southwestern Spain: A cross-sectional study.

Migrants living in the informal settlements of Southern Spain tend to have precarious employment and poor living conditions, making then vulnerable to mental health issues. This study aimed to assess psychological distress in a sample of unemployed migrants residing in informal settlements in the province of Huelva (southern Spain), during the fourth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted during the months of April to June 2021, through a heteroadministered questionnaire, in informal settlements. The measurement instrument was the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), used to analyze psychological distress, and other sociodemographic and health-related variables. Univariate and bivariate descriptive data analysis were performed, using the nonparametric statistics Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, and Tau ß correlation. A categorical regression analysis was performed to study the relationship between psychological distress and the rest of the variables. The sample consisted of 317 subjects, 83.9% of whom were males, and the mean age was 33.4 years (SD = 10.7 years). The mean score obtained in the GHQ-12 questionnaire was 13.69 points (SD = 3.86). Significant differences were found between levels of psychological distress and substance abuse (H = 14.085; P = .049), people who wished to stay in Spain (t = 6987; P = .049), people who experienced isolation due to COVID-19 contact (t = 1379.5; P = .001), people who needed medical assistance due to COVID-19 (t = 7.990; P = .018), and those who reported having chronic illnesses (t = 2686.5, P = .02). The mean score of psychological distress indicates general high levels of psychological distress. Participants who had experienced isolation due to COVID-19 contact, who consumed substances, and who had chronic illnesses reported the highest levels of psychological distress.

[Violence at work and work engagement against nursing professionals in Spain: a cross-sectional study.] / Violencia en el trabajo y compromiso laboral en los profesionales de enfermería en España: un estudio transversal.

OBJECTIVE: Nurses are one of the groups most exposed to violence in the workplace. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between violence at work and engagement in a sample of nurses in Spain. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in a national sample of Spanish nurses. A questionnaire was administered that collected the sociodemographic variables, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9) and an ad hoc scale on violence at work. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed as the statistical test with Bonferroni correction and the CHAID algorithm. RESULTS: The sample consisted of a total of 1,648 active nurses. It was observed that 42.17% of them had personally suffered some type of aggression or violence in the workplace, verbal aggression being the most frequent. The results indicated that there was a negative association between work engagement and exposure to situations of violence at work. CONCLUSIONS: There is a relationship between having suffered attacks and the degree of work engagement against nurses, hence the need to establish effective preventive and intervention policies to promote an adequate work environment, and therefore stop episodes of violence in their initial stages.

OBJETIVO: Los profesionales de la enfermería son uno de los colectivos más expuestos a la violencia en los lugares de trabajo. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la relación existente entre la violencia en el trabajo y el compromiso laboral (Engagement) en una muestra de profesionales de enfermería en España. METODOS: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en una muestra de enfermeras españolas a nivel nacional. Se administró un cuestionario que recogía las variables sociodemográficas, el Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9) y una escala sobre violencia en el trabajo elaborada ad hoc. Se realizaron como pruebas estadísticas la prueba de U de Mann-Whitney, con corrección de Bonferroni y el algoritmo CHAID. RESULTADOS: La muestra estuvo compuesta por un total de 1.648 profesionales de enfermería en activo. Se observó que el 42,17% había sufrido personalmente algún tipo de agresión o violencia en el lugar de trabajo, siendo la agresión verbal la más frecuente. Los resultados indican que existía una asociación negativa entre el compromiso laboral y la exposición a situaciones de violencia en el trabajo. CONCLUSIONES: Existe una relación entre haber sufrido agresiones y el grado de compromiso laboral de los profesionales de enfermería, de ahí la necesidad de establecer políticas preventivas y de intervención eficaces para fomentar un adecuado clima laboral, y para atajar episodios de violencia en sus etapas iniciales.

Violencia en el trabajo y compromiso laboral en los profesionales de enfermería en España: un estudio transversal / Violence at work and work engagement against nursing professionals in Spain: a cross-sectional study

FUNDAMENTOS: Los profesionales de la enfermería son uno de los colectivos más expuestos a la violencia en los lugares de trabajo. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la relación existente entre la violencia en el trabajo y el compromiso laboral (Engagement) en una muestra de profesionales de enfermería en España. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en una muestra de enfermeras españolas a nivel nacional. Se administró un cuestionario que recogía las variables sociodemográficas, el Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9) y una escala sobre violencia en el trabajo elaborada ad hoc. Se realizaron como pruebas estadísticas la prueba de U de Mann-Whitney, con corrección de Bonferroni y el algoritmo CHAID. RESULTADOS: La muestra estuvo compuesta por un total de 1.648 profesionales de enfermería en activo. Se observó que el 42,17% había sufrido personalmente algún tipo de agresión o violencia en el lugar de trabajo, siendo la agresión verbal la más frecuente. Los resultados indican que existía una asociación negativa entre el compromiso laboral y la exposición a situaciones de violencia en el trabajo. CONCLUSIONES: Existe una relación entre haber sufrido agresiones y el grado de compromiso laboral de los profesionales de enfermería, de ahí la necesidad de establecer políticas preventivas y de intervención eficaces para fomentar un adecuado clima laboral, y para atajar episodios de violencia en sus etapas iniciales.(AU)

BACKGROUND: Nurses are one of the groups most exposed to violence in the workplace. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between violence at work and engagement in a sample of nurses in Spain. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in a national sample of Spanish nurses. A questionnaire was administered that collected the sociodemographic variables, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9) and an ad hoc scale on violence at work. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed as the statistical test with Bonferroni correction and the CHAID algorithm. RESULTS: The sample consisted of a total of 1,648 active nurses. It was observed that 42.17% of them had personally suffered some type of aggression or violence in the workplace, verbal aggression being the most frequent. The results indicated that there was a negative association between work engagement and exposure to situations of violence at work. CONCLUSIONS: There is a relationship between having suffered attacks and the degree of work engagement against nurses, hence the need to establish effective preventive and intervention policies to promote an adequate work environment, and therefore stop episodes of violence in their initial stages.(AU)