ABSTRACT
Posterior capsule striae are the typical consequence of phacoemulsification; the data of their influence on visual acuity is still contradictory. PURPOSE: To estimate the influence of posterior capsule striae on visual acuity within one year after implantation of three models of acrylic intraocular lenses (IOLs). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventy-two patients (91 eyes) were followed up for 12 months after implantation of one of models of IOLs: MIOL-2 (24 eyes, first group), SA60AT and US60MP (41 and 26 eyes, second and third groups, respectively). The condition of posterior capsule striae was evaluated using photos processed with the EPCO (Evaluation of Posterior Capsular Opacification) software. Primary and secondary striae were registered. RESULTS: Primary posterior capsule striae appeared in 33.3%, 24.4% and 38.5% of cases after surgery in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd groups, respectively (p>0.05, pairwise comparison) and disappeared during the first week after surgery. Secondary striae appeared starting with month 3 of the follow-up in 8.33%, 7.69% and 13% of cases in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd groups, respectively (p>0.05, pairwise comparison) and did not change after that. Both types of striae provided the way for ingrowth of lens epithelium and posterior capsule opacification. After summarizing the eyes from all groups, only secondary striae decreased visual acuity significantly by month 12 of the follow-up. CONCLUSION: Both primary and secondary posterior capsule striae appear with comparable frequency after implantation of MIOL-2, SA60AT and US60MP; they disappear in 50% of cases one week after surgery. Both types of striae decrease visual acuity after 12 months.
Subject(s)
Capsule Opacification , Cataract , Lenses, Intraocular , Phacoemulsification , Acrylic Resins , Capsule Opacification/diagnosis , Capsule Opacification/etiology , Cataract/diagnosis , Cataract/etiology , Humans , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Lenses, Intraocular/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Prosthesis Design , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
Histopathologic changes in the brain and spinal cord in multiple myeloma are similar to those seen in toxic encephalopathy with circulatory disorders. Irreversible morphologic changes in the brain and spinal cord are more pronounced in the encephalopathic syndrome. The structures affected most are the cerebral cortex, brain pedicles, medulla oblongata, spinal cord and its radicles. Histopathologic changes include acute nerve cell swelling, primary irritation, cytoplasmic fatty infiltration, shrinkage, excessive lipofucsin deposition, demyelination and diminished numbers of nerve fibers, and predominantly dystrophic, rather than hyperplastic, changes in the glia.
Subject(s)
Central Nervous System/pathology , Multiple Myeloma/pathology , Aged , Central Nervous System Diseases/etiology , Central Nervous System Diseases/pathology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Multiple Myeloma/complications , Multiple Myeloma/diagnosis , Plasma Cells/pathologyABSTRACT
Clinical, histological and biochemical studies of the brain in 100 cases of atherosclerosis with relatively similar intensity of changes in the cerebral vascular walls (over 50% of the intima surface being impaired) were carried out. Correlation of the corresponding parameters in groups of diseases differing by their clinical picture permitted the author to ascertain that the selective vulnerability of the cortical neurons in the cerebral hemispheres is dependent on both the intensity of their physiological activity and on the nature of lipid metabolism disorders secondary to dystrophic processes.
Subject(s)
Brain Chemistry , Cerebral Cortex/pathology , Intracranial Arteriosclerosis/pathology , Lipids/analysis , Adult , Aged , Cerebral Infarction/metabolism , Cholesterol/analysis , Dementia/metabolism , Humans , Intracranial Arteriosclerosis/metabolism , Middle Aged , Neurons/pathology , Phospholipids/analysisABSTRACT
Results of clinico-morphological and biochemical examinations of 66 autopsy cases are presented. At lifetime the deceased were suffering from atherosclerosis: 16 of them showed no psychotic disturbances; 14 had a pseudoparalytic, 20 a lacunar, and 14 a senile-like form of dementia. With the use of histological staining 22 brain specimens were examined. The biochemical examinations included determinations of total cholesterol, cholesterol fractions, total lipid phosphorus, lecithine, sphingomyelin, phosphatidyl-ethanolamine and diphosphoinositide. It has been found that the process of brain atrophy has a certain relation to the psychotic symptoms and shows a progress from the first to the last group. Qualitative and quantitative changes of lipids are manifest. The content of phospholipids, and, first of all, lecithine, drops, the content of total cholesterol rises, and bound cholesterol appears. Atherosclerosis is a disease at the basis of which there are persistent disturbances of lipid metabolism and biosynthesis of brain lipids.
Subject(s)
Brain Chemistry , Brain/pathology , Cholesterol/analysis , Dementia/metabolism , Intracranial Arteriosclerosis/metabolism , Adult , Aged , Cerebellum/analysis , Cerebral Cortex/analysis , Dementia/etiology , Humans , Intracranial Arteriosclerosis/complications , Intracranial Arteriosclerosis/pathology , Middle AgedABSTRACT
The data obtained from studies of 48 postmortem cases of atherosclerotic dementia with the use of histological and biochemical methods demonstrated a prevalence of ischemic changes in the nervous cells, cells-shadows, demyelinization, fragmentation of nervous filaments, hyperplasia, hypertrophy of astrocytes, a swelling of oligodendroglia compared to other changes. A drop in the amount of lecithin in the brain is the highest, while that in kefaline fractions is the lowest. A drop in the amount of sphyngomyelin occupies a middle place.
Subject(s)
Brain/pathology , Intracranial Arteriosclerosis/complications , Neurocognitive Disorders/complications , Aged , Brain Chemistry , Cerebral Cortex/pathology , Cholesterol/analysis , Humans , Intracranial Arteriosclerosis/metabolism , Intracranial Arteriosclerosis/pathology , Meninges/pathology , Middle Aged , Neurocognitive Disorders/metabolism , Neurocognitive Disorders/pathology , Phospholipids/analysisABSTRACT
On the basis of a pathomorphological and biochemical study of 22 cases with focal hemorrhages in atherosclerosis the author detected a contraction of nerve cells, adipose infiltration, "shadow-cells", a deposit of ferrum in the cytoplasma. The swelling of myelinic fibres was detected more often than hypermyelinization, fragmentation and demyelinization. Glia changes consisted in ameboid transformation and clasmatodendrosis. The maximum increase of the cholesterin amount was observed in pons varoli. Medulla oblongata and dentate nucleus and the minimum--in the cerebellar cortex and cerebrum hemispheres. The subcortical modes according to cholesterin growth and amount occupy the middle place. The connected cholesterin makes up 2/3 of the general amount.
