ABSTRACT
Mycobacterial spindle cell pseudotumor (MSP) is a rare proliferation of spindle-shaped histiocytes that occurs most frequently in lymph nodes but has also been documented in the skin, soft tissue, abdomen, and other sites. These lesions contain acid-fast mycobacteria, most commonly Mycobacterium avium complex. Fewer than 10 cases of cutaneous MSPs have been published, and most have occurred in immunocompromised patients, either due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or immunosuppressive medications. The differential diagnosis includes Kaposi's sarcoma and other spindle cell neoplasms, which can be distinguished based on histology and special stains. We present the case of a 76-year-old man with HIV infection who presented with a diffuse rash on his arms and legs. A pretibial biopsy was performed and revealed tubercular MSP.
ABSTRACT
Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that affects the hair follicles in areas of the body with apocrine glands. The condition is characterized by recurrent, painful nodules, abscesses, and draining sinuses that can lead to scarring and disfigurement. In this present study, we provide a focused evaluation of recent developments in hidradenitis suppurativa research, including novel therapeutics and promising biomarkers that may facilitate clinical diagnosis and treatment. We conducted a systematic review of controlled trials, randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, case reports, and Cochrane Review articles in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, and Epistemonikos databases were queried via Title/Abstract screen. Eligibility criteria included the following: (1) has a primary focus on hidradenitis suppurativa, (2) includes measurable outcomes data with robust comparators, (3) details the sample population, (4) English language, and (5) archived as full-text journal articles. A total of 42 eligible articles were selected for review. Qualitative evaluation identified numerous developments in our understanding of the disease's multiple potential etiologies, pathophysiology, and treatment options. It is important for individuals with hidradenitis suppurativa to work closely with a healthcare provider to develop a comprehensive treatment plan that addresses their individual needs and goals. To meet this objective, providers must keep current with developments in the genetic, immunological, microbiological, and environmental factors contributing to the disease's development and progression.
