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1.
Cureus ; 15(10): e46301, 2023 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37916261

ABSTRACT

American trypanosomiasis or Chagas disease is predominantly a vector-borne multisystemic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, a protozoan parasite transmitted by triatomine bugs in endemic areas such as Mexico and Central and South America. Acute T. cruzi infection is mostly asymptomatic, nonetheless, in up to one-third of the patients, a mild form of the disease can be present, with nonspecific manifestations like fever, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, inflammation at the inoculation site (inoculation chancre) and unilateral palpebral edema (Romaña sign). Severe acute disease occurs in less than 1% of patients and includes myopericarditis and meningoencephalitis. If untreated, the acute phase can cause chronicity with cardiac and gastrointestinal involvement. We report the case of a female with occupational exposure to this parasite, who presented with acute myopericarditis, a rare form of presentation of this disease.

2.
J Cancer Educ ; 38(5): 1629-1635, 2023 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37243861

ABSTRACT

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted healthcare for patients with chronic diseases, including cancer. Barriers to healthcare increased, especially for racial and ethnic minorities. While many institutions developed webinars to educate community members, few webinars used a community-based participatory approach, employed a theory-based engagement design, and were evaluated. This manuscript reports the outcomes of "Vamos a educarnos contra el cáncer," a 2021 webinar series. Monthly educational webinars were conducted in Spanish on cancer-related topics. The presentations were delivered by Spanish-speaking content experts from different organizations. Webinars were conducted using the video conferencing platform Zoom. Polls were launched during the webinar to collect data and evaluate each webinar. The RE-AIM model of reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance was used to evaluate the series. The SAS Analytics Software was used for analysis and data management. Two hundred ninety-seven people participated with over 3000 views of the webinar recordings (Reach); 90% rated the sessions as good or excellent (Effectiveness); 86% agreed to adopt or improve a cancer-related behavior, and 90% reported willingness to adopt or improve a cancer-related action for someone else (Adoption); 92% reported feeling engaged (Implementation). The series has produced a resource library, manual of operations, and agreement of the Hispanic/Latino Cancer Community Advisory Board (CAB) to continue the webinar series in the future (Maintenance). Overall, these results highlight the impact of this webinar series and provide a standard approach to planning, delivering, and evaluating webinars as a strategy for cancer prevention and control in a culturally appropriate manner.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Neoplasms , Humans , Pandemics , Neoplasms/prevention & control , Educational Status , Language
3.
Oncología (Guayaquil) ; 33(3): [228-238], 2023.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1531943

ABSTRACT

Introducción:El síndrome de lisis tumoral (SLT) es una emergencia oncológica, que produce alteraciones en el metabolismo, causando manifestaciones clínicas y trastornos bioquímicos que ponen en peligro la vida del paciente.El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar las características clínicas, de laboratorio y tratamiento del SLT, en pacientes pediátricos onco-lógicos, del Instituto del Cáncer SOLCA-Cuenca, en el periodo 2010 ­2020.Materiales y métodos:En este estudio se identificó las características del SLT, en pacientes pediátricos oncológicos, del Instituto del Cáncer SOLCA-Cuenca, en el periodo 2010 ­2020, a través de un estudio de tipo descriptivo-observacional.Resultados:Seincluyó 463 historias clínicas, en el cual se obtuvo que el SLT tuvo una frecuen-cia del 5.61 %, con predominio del sexo masculino (57.7%) y con una edad media de 7 ± 1.29 años. La presentación clínica más observada fue la deshidratación con náusea, vómito y dia-rrea (57.7%). Las alteraciones de laboratorio más frecuentes fueron la hiperuricemia y la hi-pocalcemia, con un 76.9 %y un 73.1 %respectivamente. La Leucemia linfoblástica aguda (LLA) fue el diagnósticooncológico con más casos (61.5 %). Los pilares del tratamiento fue-ron la hiperhidratación y el uso de alopurinol, utilizados en el 100% y un 80.8 %respectiva-mente.Conclusión:El SLT afectó más frecuentemente a varones, con diagnóstico de leucemia, ma-nifestaciones clínicas digestivas y alteraciones de laboratorio (hiperuricemia e hipocalcemia). El tratamiento empleado resultó eficaz y se basó en lo recomendado por la literatura médica


Introduction:Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is an oncological emergency that results in meta-bolic alterations, causing clinical manifestations and biochemical disorders that endanger pa-tients' lives. The objective of the present study was to identify the clinical, laboratory, and treat-ment characteristics of TLSsin pediatric oncology patients at the SOLCA-Cuenca Cancer Ins-titute from 2010­2020.Materials and methods: In this study, the characteristics of TLS were identified in pediatric oncology patients at the SOLCA-Cuenca Cancer Institute from 2010 to 2020 through a des-criptive observational study.Results: A total of463 medical records were included. TLSs were associated witha frequency of 5.61%, with a predominance of males(57.7%) and a mean age of 7 ± 1.29 years. The most commonclinical presentation was dehydration with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea (57.7%). The most frequent laboratory alterations were hyperuricemia and hypocalcemia, with 76.9% and 73.1%,respectively. The oncological diagnosis was acutelymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in most patients(61.5%). The pillars of treatment were hyperhydration and allopurinol, used in 100% and 80.8%, respectively.Conclusion: TLSsmore frequently affectmen with a diagnosis of leukemia, digestive clinical manifestations, orlaboratory alterations (hyperuricemia and hypocalcemia). The treatment used was effective and based on what the medical literature recommended


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases , Neoplasms
4.
Rev Panam Salud Publica ; 46, 2022. Special Issue Tobacco Control
Article in English | PAHO-IRIS | ID: phr-56070

ABSTRACT

[ABSTRACT]. Objective. To explore the association between reporting conflict of interest (COI) and having a positive outcome toward vaping in scientific articles. Methods. A cross-sectional study that analyzed a sample of 697 articles published between 2017 and 2020 regarding vaping. Information on the reporting of COI, type of COI (no conflict, conflict with the tobacco industry, pharmaceutical industry, or other), and country of publication were collected. To explore the association between reporting COI and having a positive result for vaping, two logistic regression models were fitted, both adjusted by country of publication. Results. From 88 articles that reported COI, 23 reported COI with the tobacco industry, 44 with the pharmaceutical industry, and 21 reported another type of conflict. We found that reporting any type of COI increased by 4.7 times the odds (OR 4.70; 95% CI [2.89, 7.65]) of having a positive result for vaping. Additionally, compared to other countries, manuscripts published in England had 2 times higher odds (OR 2.40; 95% CI [1.16, 4.98]) of reporting a positive result for vaping. Reporting COI with the tobacco and pharmaceutical industries increased the odds of favorable results by 29 times (OR 29.95; 95% CI [9.84, 90.98]) and 2 times (OR 2.87; 95% CI [1.45, 5.69]), respectively. Conclusions. In scientific articles, reporting COI and having positive results for vaping are highly associated. COI should be considered and caution should be exercised when using data for policy-making.


[RESUMEN]. Objetivo. Explorar la relación entre notificar la existencia de conflictos de intereses y tener un resultado positivo con respecto al vapeo en los artículos científicos. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio transversal que analizó una muestra de 697 artículos sobre vapeo publicados entre 2017 y 2020. Se recopiló información sobre la notificación de la existencia de conflictos de intereses, los tipos de conflicto (sin conflicto o conflicto con la industria tabacalera, con la industria farmacéutica o con otras industrias) y el país de publicación. Para explorar la relación entre notificar la existencia de conflictos de intereses y tener un resultado positivo respecto del vapeo, se adaptaron dos modelos de regresión logística, y ambos se ajustaron por país de publicación. Resultados. De los 88 artículos en los que se notificó la existencia de conflictos de intereses, 23 informaron sobre conflictos de intereses con la industria tabacalera, 44 sobre conflictos con la industria farmacéutica y 21 sobre otros tipos de conflicto. Se determinó que la notificación de cualquier tipo de conflicto de intereses incrementó en 4,7 veces las probabilidades (OR 4,70; IC del 95 % [2,89; 7,65]) de obtener un resultado positivo con respecto al vapeo. Además, en comparación con otros países, los artículos publicados en Inglaterra mostraron probabilidades 2 veces más altas (OR 2,40; IC del 95 % [1,16; 4,98]) de comunicar un resultado positivo respecto del vapeo. Informar sobre la existencia de conflictos de intereses con las industrias tabacalera y farmacéutica multiplicó las probabilidades de resultados favorables por 29 (OR 29,95; IC del 95 % [9,84; 90,98]) y por 2 (OR 2,87; IC del 95% [1,45; 5,69]), respectivamente. Conclusiones. En los artículos científicos, existe una clara relación entre notificar la existencia de conflictos de intereses y tener un resultado positivo con respecto al vapeo. Se debe considerar el conflicto de intereses y actuar con precaución al emplear estos datos para la formulación de políticas.


[RESUMO]. Objetivo. Examinar a associação entre declarar conflitos de interesses e obter resultados favoráveis sobre os cigarros eletrônicos em artigos científicos. Métodos. Estudo transversal que analisou uma amostra de 697 artigos sobre cigarros eletrônicos publicados entre 2017 e 2020. Foram coletadas informações sobre a declaração de conflito de interesses, tipo de conflito (ausência de conflito, conflito com a indústria tabagista ou farmacêutica, ou outras formas de conflito) e o país de publicação do estudo. Dois modelos de regressão logística foram criados, com ajuste por país de publicação, para examinar a associação entre declarar conflitos de interesses e obter resultados favoráveis para os cigarros eletrônicos. Resultados. De 88 artigos que continham a declaração de conflitos de interesses, 23 informaram conflitos com a indústria tabagista, 44 com a indústria farmacêutica e 21 outras formas de conflito. Declarar qualquer tipo de conflito de interesses foi associado a uma probabilidade 4,7 vezes maior (OR 4,70; IC 95% [2,89, 7,65]) de obter resultados favoráveis aos cigarros eletrônicos. Quanto aos países de publicação, verificou-se uma probabilidade duas vezes maior de os artigos publicados na Inglaterra (OR 2,40; IC 95% [1,16, 4,98]) informarem resultados favoráveis para os cigarros eletrônicos. Quando se declarou o conflito de interesses com as indústrias tabagista e farmacêutica, a chance de resultados favoráveis nos estudos foi 29 vezes maior (OR 29,95; IC 95% [9,84, 90,98]) e 2 vezes maior (OR 2,87; IC 95% [1,45, 5,69]), respectivamente. Conclusões. Observa-se uma forte associação entre declarar o conflito de interesses e obter resultados favoráveis para os cigarros eletrônicos em artigos científicos. O conflito de interesses deve ser levado em consideração, recomendando-se cautela ao utilizar os dados de estudos na formulação de políticas.


Subject(s)
Conflict of Interest , Public Health , Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems , Tobacco Industry , Policy Making , Conflict of Interest , Public Health , Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems , Tobacco Industry , Policy Making , Conflict of Interest , Public Health , Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems , Tobacco Industry , Policy Making
5.
Rev Panam Salud Publica ; 46: e81, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35702716

ABSTRACT

Objective: To explore the association between reporting conflict of interest (COI) and having a positive outcome toward vaping in scientific articles. Methods: A cross-sectional study that analyzed a sample of 697 articles published between 2017 and 2020 regarding vaping. Information on the reporting of COI, type of COI (no conflict, conflict with the tobacco industry, pharmaceutical industry, or other), and country of publication were collected. To explore the association between reporting COI and having a positive result for vaping, two logistic regression models were fitted, both adjusted by country of publication. Results: From 88 articles that reported COI, 23 reported COI with the tobacco industry, 44 with the pharmaceutical industry, and 21 reported another type of conflict. We found that reporting any type of COI increased by 4.7 times the odds (OR 4.70; 95% CI [2.89, 7.65]) of having a positive result for vaping. Additionally, compared to other countries, manuscripts published in England had 2 times higher odds (OR 2.40; 95% CI [1.16, 4.98]) of reporting a positive result for vaping. Reporting COI with the tobacco and pharmaceutical industries increased the odds of favorable results by 29 times (OR 29.95; 95% CI [9.84, 90.98]) and 2 times (OR 2.87; 95% CI [1.45, 5.69]), respectively. Conclusions: In scientific articles, reporting COI and having positive results for vaping are highly associated. COI should be considered and caution should be exercised when using data for policy-making.

6.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 46: e81, 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1432000

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective. To explore the association between reporting conflict of interest (COI) and having a positive outcome toward vaping in scientific articles. Methods. A cross-sectional study that analyzed a sample of 697 articles published between 2017 and 2020 regarding vaping. Information on the reporting of COI, type of COI (no conflict, conflict with the tobacco industry, pharmaceutical industry, or other), and country of publication were collected. To explore the association between reporting COI and having a positive result for vaping, two logistic regression models were fitted, both adjusted by country of publication. Results. From 88 articles that reported COI, 23 reported COI with the tobacco industry, 44 with the pharmaceutical industry, and 21 reported another type of conflict. We found that reporting any type of COI increased by 4.7 times the odds (OR 4.70; 95% CI [2.89, 7.65]) of having a positive result for vaping. Additionally, compared to other countries, manuscripts published in England had 2 times higher odds (OR 2.40; 95% CI [1.16, 4.98]) of reporting a positive result for vaping. Reporting COI with the tobacco and pharmaceutical industries increased the odds of favorable results by 29 times (OR 29.95; 95% CI [9.84, 90.98]) and 2 times (OR 2.87; 95% CI [1.45, 5.69]), respectively. Conclusions. In scientific articles, reporting COI and having positive results for vaping are highly associated. COI should be considered and caution should be exercised when using data for policy-making.


RESUMEN Objetivo. Explorar la relación entre notificar la existencia de conflictos de intereses y tener un resultado positivo con respecto al vapeo en los artículos científicos. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio transversal que analizó una muestra de 697 artículos sobre vapeo publicados entre 2017 y 2020. Se recopiló información sobre la notificación de la existencia de conflictos de intereses, los tipos de conflicto (sin conflicto o conflicto con la industria tabacalera, con la industria farmacéutica o con otras industrias) y el país de publicación. Para explorar la relación entre notificar la existencia de conflictos de intereses y tener un resultado positivo respecto del vapeo, se adaptaron dos modelos de regresión logística, y ambos se ajustaron por país de publicación. Resultados. De los 88 artículos en los que se notificó la existencia de conflictos de intereses, 23 informaron sobre conflictos de intereses con la industria tabacalera, 44 sobre conflictos con la industria farmacéutica y 21 sobre otros tipos de conflicto. Se determinó que la notificación de cualquier tipo de conflicto de intereses incrementó en 4,7 veces las probabilidades (OR 4,70; IC del 95 % [2,89; 7,65]) de obtener un resultado positivo con respecto al vapeo. Además, en comparación con otros países, los artículos publicados en Inglaterra mostraron probabilidades 2 veces más altas (OR 2,40; IC del 95 % [1,16; 4,98]) de comunicar un resultado positivo respecto del vapeo. Informar sobre la existencia de conflictos de intereses con las industrias tabacalera y farmacéutica multiplicó las probabilidades de resultados favorables por 29 (OR 29,95; IC del 95 % [9,84; 90,98]) y por 2 (OR 2,87; IC del 95% [1,45; 5,69]), respectivamente. Conclusiones. En los artículos científicos, existe una clara relación entre notificar la existencia de conflictos de intereses y tener un resultado positivo con respecto al vapeo. Se debe considerar el conflicto de intereses y actuar con precaución al emplear estos datos para la formulación de políticas.


RESUMO Objetivo. Examinar a associação entre declarar conflitos de interesses e obter resultados favoráveis sobre os cigarros eletrônicos em artigos científicos. Métodos. Estudo transversal que analisou uma amostra de 697 artigos sobre cigarros eletrônicos publicados entre 2017 e 2020. Foram coletadas informações sobre a declaração de conflito de interesses, tipo de conflito (ausência de conflito, conflito com a indústria tabagista ou farmacêutica, ou outras formas de conflito) e o país de publicação do estudo. Dois modelos de regressão logística foram criados, com ajuste por país de publicação, para examinar a associação entre declarar conflitos de interesses e obter resultados favoráveis para os cigarros eletrônicos. Resultados. De 88 artigos que continham a declaração de conflitos de interesses, 23 informaram conflitos com a indústria tabagista, 44 com a indústria farmacêutica e 21 outras formas de conflito. Declarar qualquer tipo de conflito de interesses foi associado a uma probabilidade 4,7 vezes maior (OR 4,70; IC 95% [2,89, 7,65]) de obter resultados favoráveis aos cigarros eletrônicos. Quanto aos países de publicação, verificou-se uma probabilidade duas vezes maior de os artigos publicados na Inglaterra (OR 2,40; IC 95% [1,16, 4,98]) informarem resultados favoráveis para os cigarros eletrônicos. Quando se declarou o conflito de interesses com as indústrias tabagista e farmacêutica, a chance de resultados favoráveis nos estudos foi 29 vezes maior (OR 29,95; IC 95% [9,84, 90,98]) e 2 vezes maior (OR 2,87; IC 95% [1,45, 5,69]), respectivamente. Conclusões. Observa-se uma forte associação entre declarar o conflito de interesses e obter resultados favoráveis para os cigarros eletrônicos em artigos científicos. O conflito de interesses deve ser levado em consideração, recomendando-se cautela ao utilizar os dados de estudos na formulação de políticas.

7.
Ginecol. obstet. Méx ; 89(11): 918-918, ene. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1375554

ABSTRACT

Resumen ANTECEDENTES: La pandemia mundial de SARS-CoV-2 también afecta a las embarazadas. Los casos más graves ameritan hospitalización y tratamiento en una sala de cuidados intensivos. CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente de 30 años y embarazo con feto único, de 33 semanas, con antecedentes de fibromialgia, un aborto y miomatosis uterina. La paciente negó el contacto con personas sospechosas o infectadas por el virus SARS-CoV-2. El cuadro clínico se inició con infección de las vías respiratorias superiores que evolucionó a neumonía con prueba PCR positiva para COVID-19 a partir del exudado naso-faríngeo, que condicionó el síndrome de insuficiencia respiratoria aguda severa, tratada con asistencia mecánica ventilatoria durante16 días en la unidad de cuidados intensivos. En el trascurso de la hospitalización se complicó con neumotórax bilateral y urosepsis por Candida tropicalis. La paciente superó la enfermedad viral, las complicaciones de la ventilación y la infección urinaria oportunista.


Abstract BACKGROUND: The worldwide SARS-CoV-2 pandemic also affects pregnant women. The most severe cases require hospitalization and treatment in an intensive care unit. CLINICAL CASE: A 30-year-old woman with a 33-week singleton pregnancy and a history of fibromyalgia, one miscarriage and uterine myomatosis. The patient denied contact with persons suspected or infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus. The clinical picture began with upper respiratory tract infection that progressed to pneumonia with positive PCR test for COVID-19 from nasopharyngeal exudate, which led to severe acute respiratory failure syndrome, treated with mechanical ventilation for 16 days in the Intensive Care Unit. During hospitalization, she was complicated with bilateral pneumothorax and urosepsis due to Candida tropicalis. The patient overcame the viral disease, ventilatory complications and the opportunistic urinary tract infection.

8.
Nutr. hosp ; 36(3): 626-632, mayo-jun. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-184561

ABSTRACT

Introduction: worldwide, hospital malnutrition constitutes an important issue of morbidity and mortality. Although the prevalence of malnutrition has been calculated as between 7% and 27% in hospitalized patients, its real prevalence remains unknown or underestimated because of the different criteria for its identification and diagnosis. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of nutritional risk in a cohort of hospitalized patients and to identify the significance of the predictors associated with nutritional risk. Methods: the evaluation of the presence of nutritional risk was carried out in 247 individuals hospitalized at the second-level care institution Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales para los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE) Zacatecas, Hospital General Nº 26, in Mexico. Nutritional screening was evaluated during the first 24 hours of stay with the NRS 2002. The weighing of associated variables with nutritional risk was calculated statistically using the software Sigma Plot v11. Results: forty-two percent of patients were at risk of malnutrition. Significant associations between nutritional risk and a reduction in food ingestion (during the last week), the illness severity of the patient, as well as age and sex (p < 0.05), were observed. A reduction in food ingestion during the previous week increased the likelihood of having nutritional risk 6.67 times more (95% CI: 3.4-13.2; p < 0.001) in the studied population. Conclusion: the risk of malnutrition in hospitalized patients at ISSSTE-Zacatecas, Hospital General Nº 26 is frequent (42%). Therefore, early detection of nutritional risk is important to offer for proper nutritional intervention with the objective of decreasing the associated morbidity and mortality


Introducción: la desnutrición hospitalaria constituye un problema de morbimortalidad en todo el mundo. Aunque la prevalencia de malnutrición se ha calculado entre el 7% y el 27% en pacientes hospitalizados, su prevalencia real sigue siendo desconocida o subestimada debido a los diferentes criterios para su identificación y diagnóstico. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia del riesgo nutricional mediante la herramienta Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) en pacientes hospitalizados y ponderar los factores predictivos asociados con el riesgo nutricional. Métodos: la evaluación de la presencia de riesgo nutricional se realizó en 247 hospitalizados en el hospital general de segundo nivel Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales para los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE) Zacatecas, Hospital General Nº 26, en México. La evaluación nutricional se realizó durante las primeras 24 horas de estadía mediante la herramienta NRS 2002. El análisis de datos se llevó a cabo mediante el software Sigma Plot v11. Resultados: el 42% de los pacientes presentaron riesgo de desnutrición. Después de la corrección por covariables, se encontraron asociaciones significativas entre el riesgo nutricional y una reducción de la ingesta de alimentos (durante la última semana), la gravedad de la enfermedad del paciente, la edad y el sexo (p < 0,05). Entre la población estudiada, la reducción de la ingesta durante la última semana aumentó 6,67 veces la probabilidad de presentar riesgo nutricional (IC 95%: 3,4-13,2; p < 0,001). Conclusión: el riesgo de desnutrición en pacientes hospitalizados en el Hospital General Nº 26 Zacatecas-ISSSTE es frecuente (42%), por lo que es importante realizar una detección temprana para ofrecer una intervención nutricional adecuada y, con ello, disminuir la morbimortalidad asociada


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Hospitalization , Malnutrition/diagnosis , Risk Factors , Malnutrition/epidemiology , Mexico , Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prospective Studies , Anthropometry , Analysis of Variance , Risk Groups , Odds Ratio
9.
Nutr Hosp ; 36(3): 626-632, 2019 Jul 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30985188

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Introduction: worldwide, hospital malnutrition constitutes an important issue of morbidity and mortality. Although the prevalence of malnutrition has been calculated as between 7% and 27% in hospitalized patients, its real prevalence remains unknown or underestimated because of the different criteria for its identification and diagnosis. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of nutritional risk in a cohort of hospitalized patients and to identify the significance of the predictors associated with nutritional risk. Methods: the evaluation of the presence of nutritional risk was carried out in 247 individuals hospitalized at the second-level care institution Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales para los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE) Zacatecas, Hospital General Nº 26, in Mexico. Nutritional screening was evaluated during the first 24 hours of stay with the NRS 2002. The weighing of associated variables with nutritional risk was calculated statistically using the software Sigma Plot v11. Results: forty-two percent of patients were at risk of malnutrition. Significant associations between nutritional risk and a reduction in food ingestion (during the last week), the illness severity of the patient, as well as age and sex (p < 0.05), were observed. A reduction in food ingestion during the previous week increased the likelihood of having nutritional risk 6.67 times more (95% CI: 3.4-13.2; p < 0.001) in the studied population. Conclusion: the risk of malnutrition in hospitalized patients at ISSSTE-Zacatecas, Hospital General Nº 26 is frequent (42%). Therefore, early detection of nutritional risk is important to offer for proper nutritional intervention with the objective of decreasing the associated morbidity and mortality.


INTRODUCCIÓN: Introducción: la desnutrición hospitalaria constituye un problema de morbimortalidad en todo el mundo. Aunque la prevalencia de malnutrición se ha calculado entre el 7% y el 27% en pacientes hospitalizados, su prevalencia real sigue siendo desconocida o subestimada debido a los diferentes criterios para su identificación y diagnóstico. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia del riesgo nutricional mediante la herramienta Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) en pacientes hospitalizados y ponderar los factores predictivos asociados con el riesgo nutricional. Métodos: la evaluación de la presencia de riesgo nutricional se realizó en 247 hospitalizados en el hospital general de segundo nivel Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales para los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE) Zacatecas, Hospital General Nº 26, en México. La evaluación nutricional se realizó durante las primeras 24 horas de estadía mediante la herramienta NRS 2002. El análisis de datos se llevó a cabo mediante el software Sigma Plot v11. Resultados: el 42% de los pacientes presentaron riesgo de desnutrición. Después de la corrección por covariables, se encontraron asociaciones significativas entre el riesgo nutricional y una reducción de la ingesta de alimentos (durante la última semana), la gravedad de la enfermedad del paciente, la edad y el sexo (p < 0,05). Entre la población estudiada, la reducción de la ingesta durante la última semana aumentó 6,67 veces la probabilidad de presentar riesgo nutricional (IC 95%: 3,4-13,2; p < 0,001). Conclusión: el riesgo de desnutrición en pacientes hospitalizados en el Hospital General Nº 26 Zacatecas-ISSSTE es frecuente (42%), por lo que es importante realizar una detección temprana para ofrecer una intervención nutricional adecuada y, con ello, disminuir la morbimortalidad asociada.


Subject(s)
Malnutrition/diagnosis , Nutrition Assessment , Risk Assessment/methods , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Body Mass Index , Cohort Studies , Eating , Female , Hospitalization , Humans , Male , Malnutrition/epidemiology , Mass Screening , Mexico/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Sex Factors
10.
J Am Vet Med Assoc ; 224(4): 558-61, 2004 Feb 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14989550

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of an external nasal dilator strip on cytologic characteristics of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid in racing Thoroughbreds. DESIGN: Clinical trial. ANIMALS: 23 Thoroughbred racehorses in active training. PROCEDURE: Each horse raced on 2 occasions: once while wearing an external nasal dilator strip and once while not. Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed 12 to 18 hours after each race, and BAL fluid was analyzed for RBC and leukocyte counts and hemosiderin content. RESULTS: Mean +/- SEM count of RBCs in BAL fluid when horses raced without the nasal dilator strip (84.6 +/- 275 cells/microL) was not significantly different from count when they raced with it (41.7 +/- 12.2 cells/microL). Horses were grouped as having mild or severe bleeding on the basis of RBC count in BAL fluid after horses raced without the nasal dilator strip. Mean count when horses with severe bleeding raced without the nasal dilator strip (271.0 +/- 63.7 cells/microL) was significantly higher than mean count when these horses raced with the strip (93.8 +/- 376 cells/microL). Mean count of lymphocytes in BAL fluid was significantly lower after horses raced with the external nasal dilator strip. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that use of an external nasal dilator strip in Thoroughbred racehorses may decrease pulmonary bleeding, particularly in horses with severe exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage.


Subject(s)
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/cytology , Dilatation/veterinary , Hemorrhage/veterinary , Horse Diseases/prevention & control , Horses/physiology , Physical Conditioning, Animal/physiology , Animals , Dilatation/instrumentation , Dilatation/methods , Erythrocyte Count/veterinary , Female , Hemorrhage/prevention & control , Hemosiderin/analysis , Leukocyte Count/veterinary , Male , Nasal Cavity/physiology , Nose , Pulmonary Ventilation/drug effects
11.
Rev. argent. coloproctología ; 13(1/4): 47-51, dic. 2002. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-341810

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: La diverticulitis de colon derecho es poco frecuente en nuestro medio. Diseño: Observacional retrospectivo. Objetivo: Evaluar presentación clínica, procedimientos diagnósticos, táctica quirúrgica y sus resultados. Lugar de realización: Hospital Zonal Gral. de Agudos Dr. Enrique Erill, Hospital Universitario Austral. Pacientes y Método: En el período Enero de 1998 a Diciembre de 2001 se internaron 74 pacientes portadores de diverticulitis colónica. De estos, 67 fueron diverticulitis de colon izquierdo (90.5 por ciento) y 7 (9.5 por ciento) de colon derecho. De los 67 casos de diverticulitis de colon izquierdo, se operaron 12 (17.9 por ciento). Nueve (13.4 por ciento) como urgencias y tres (4.48 por ciento) como cirugía programada. Seis fueron de sexo masculino y uno femenino. Edad promedio de 37.2 (20-69). Cinco de los siete pacientes se presentaron como un SFID típico. De los siete pacientes, cuatro fueron clasificados como Hinchey I, dos como Hinchey II y uno como Hinchey III. En el mismo período se internaron y operaron 523 casos de apendicitis aguda, siendo la relación de incidencia entre apendicitis y DCD de 74.7/1. Las tácticas quirúrgicas implementadas fueron: a)Colectomía parcial con ileo - ascendo anastomosis (dos casos); b)hemicolectomía derecha con ileotransverso anastomosis (cinco casos). La estadía hospitalaria media fue de 7.7 días (5-11). Resultados: No se registró morbilidad ni mortalidad en la serie estudiada.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Diagnosis, Differential , Diverticulitis, Colonic , Intraoperative Complications , Appendicitis , Emergency Treatment , Hernia, Inguinal , Intestinal Perforation/surgery
12.
Rev. argent. coloproctología ; 13(1/4): 47-51, dic. 2002. tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-5870

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: La diverticulitis de colon derecho es poco frecuente en nuestro medio. Diseño: Observacional retrospectivo. Objetivo: Evaluar presentación clínica, procedimientos diagnósticos, táctica quirúrgica y sus resultados. Lugar de realización: Hospital Zonal Gral. de Agudos Dr. Enrique Erill, Hospital Universitario Austral. Pacientes y Método: En el período Enero de 1998 a Diciembre de 2001 se internaron 74 pacientes portadores de diverticulitis colónica. De estos, 67 fueron diverticulitis de colon izquierdo (90.5 por ciento) y 7 (9.5 por ciento) de colon derecho. De los 67 casos de diverticulitis de colon izquierdo, se operaron 12 (17.9 por ciento). Nueve (13.4 por ciento) como urgencias y tres (4.48 por ciento) como cirugía programada. Seis fueron de sexo masculino y uno femenino. Edad promedio de 37.2 (20-69). Cinco de los siete pacientes se presentaron como un SFID típico. De los siete pacientes, cuatro fueron clasificados como Hinchey I, dos como Hinchey II y uno como Hinchey III. En el mismo período se internaron y operaron 523 casos de apendicitis aguda, siendo la relación de incidencia entre apendicitis y DCD de 74.7/1. Las tácticas quirúrgicas implementadas fueron: a)Colectomía parcial con ileo - ascendo anastomosis (dos casos); b)hemicolectomía derecha con ileotransverso anastomosis (cinco casos). La estadía hospitalaria media fue de 7.7 días (5-11). Resultados: No se registró morbilidad ni mortalidad en la serie estudiada. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Diverticulitis, Colonic/surgery , Diverticulitis, Colonic/epidemiology , Diverticulitis, Colonic/etiology , Diverticulitis, Colonic/physiopathology , Diverticulitis, Colonic/history , Diverticulitis, Colonic/diagnosis , Diverticulitis, Colonic/therapy , Diagnosis, Differential , Intraoperative Complications/surgery , Emergency Treatment , Appendicitis/surgery , Hernia, Inguinal/surgery , Intestinal Perforation/surgery
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